Why do people feel emotional attachment to events occurring before they were born? This paper examines ad-evoked vicarious nostalgia‐induced longing for a time period that an individual did not live ...through. Vicarious nostalgia impacts brand heritage and leads to stronger brand attachment. Qualitative research (Study 1) and a literature review identify two vicarious nostalgia dimensions—fantasies about past eras and emotions. Initial quantitative research (Study 2) refines these measures, while subsequent quantitative research (Study 3) relates vicarious nostalgia to both antecedents (alienation, fantasy proneness, and nostalgia proneness) and consequences (brand heritage and brand attachment). Self-referencing moderates the relationship between nostalgia proneness and fantasies, while vicarious nostalgia partially mediates the relationship between nostalgia proneness and brand heritage. Both individual propensities (nostalgia proneness) and advertising-evoked vicarious nostalgia enhance or build brand heritage perceptions.
This paper examines the consequences of brand heritage. It integrates and builds on previous qualitative studies by developing a nomological network examining: (a) the consequences of brand heritage; ...(b) its impact on purchase intention; (c) the moderating role of regulatory goal focus and (d) the mediating role of trust, positive emotions, brand attachment and commitment. The research progresses from discovery-oriented exploration, to an experimental examination of the effect of brand heritage (Study 1), to an examination of the mediating variables between brand heritage and purchase intention (Study 2). The findings indicate that brand heritage positively impacts purchase intention, especially for consumers with a low promotion focus, and that brand heritage inspires positive emotions, engenders trust, and facilitates brand attachment and commitment. Theoretical and managerial implications are presented.
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•The paper examines the consequences of brand heritage.•Brand heritage positively impacts purchase intention, especially for consumers with a low promotion focus.•Brand heritage inspires positive emotions, engenders trust, and facilitates brand attachment and commitment.
In this paper, we adopt the lens of absorptive capacity (ACAP), defined by two dimensions—the knowledge base (consisting of knowledge diversity, depth, and linkages) and routines (consisting of ...sensing and experimentation)—to explain how a software firm's knowledge endowments influence its level of radical information technology innovation during a technological breakthrough. We distinguish three types of IT innovations—base, processes, and service innovation—that form an innovation ecology. We posit that (1) ACAP is a relational construct where the impact of the knowledge base is mediated by routines; (2) IT innovations are either externally adopted or internally generated; and (3) knowledge antecedents associated with different types of innovations differ. We hypothesize a three-step, mediated path (knowledge base → sensing → experimentation → innovation) for external innovation adoption, and a two-step path (knowledge diversity/depth → experimentation → innovation) for internal innovation creation to explain the software firm's level of radical innovation across three IT innovation types. We validate the model through a cross-sector study that examined how 121 small softwarefirms innovated with Internet computing. We confirm the mediated nature of ACAP for external base innovations, which are driven by all three knowledge-based factors as follows: (1) knowledge depth (direct positive effect); (2) knowledge diversity (mediated three-step path), (3) knowledge linkages (mediated three step path). Process innovations are externally driven by a three-step mediated path for knowledge linkages, as well as being directly affected by knowledge diversity, but negatively and directly impeded by knowledge depth. Service innovations are not driven by any mediated influence of ACAP, but driven directly by knowledge diversity. At the same time, both service and process innovations are strongly influenced by prior IT innovations: base and/or service. Several directions for future studies of radical IT innovation are proposed.
Sex differences in spatial memory have long been observed in humans, non-human primates and rodents, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for these differences remain ...obscure. In the present study we found that adolescent male rats outperformed female rats in 7 d and 28 d retention probes, but not in learning trials and immediate probes, in the Morris water maze task. Male rats also had larger long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal temproammonic-CA1 (TA-CA1) synapses, which have been implicated to play a key role in place field and memory consolidation, when protocols designed to elicit late-stage LTP (LLTP) were used. Interestingly, the ratio of evoked AMPA/NMDA currents was found to be smaller at TA-CA1 synapses in male rats compared to female rats. Protein biotinylation experiments showed that male rats expressed more surface GluN1 receptors in hippocampal CA1 stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM) than female rats, although GluA1 expression was also slightly higher in male rats. Taken together, our results suggest that differences in the expression of AMPA and NMDA receptors may affect LTP expression at TA-CA1 synapses in adolescent male and female rats, and thus possibly contribute to the observed sex difference in spatial memory.
What causes adolescents to develop consumer' ethical beliefs? Prior research has largely focused on the negative influence of peers and negative patterns of parentchild interactions to explain risky ...and unethical consumer behaviors. We take a different perspective by focusing on the positive support of parents and peers in adolescent social development. An integrative model is developed that links parental and peer support with adolescents' self-worth motives, their materialistic tendencies, and their consumer ethical beliefs. In a study of 984 adolescents, we demonstrate support for a sequential mediation model in which peer and parental support is positively related to adolescents' self-esteem and feelings of power, which are each associated with decreased materialism as a means of compensating for low self-worth. This reduced materialism is, in turn, associated with more ethical consumer beliefs.
The global teen market has significant spending power and an important impact on the world economy. However, much remains unknown about the social motivations of teenage consumers and cross-national ...cultural differences in teenage shopping. This research studies teenage shopping motivations in two nations: the U.S., which is a highly individualistic national culture with low power distance and low uncertainty avoidance, and France, which is perhaps a somewhat more collectivist, more inter-dependent national culture with high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance. This research samples 570 teenage consumers. Susceptibility to peer influence (SPI) drives teenage consumer shopping in France, while both need for uniqueness (NFU) and SPI motivate teenage shopping in the U.S.
In this study, the formation of a periodic microstructural pattern designed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), commonly called selective laser melting (SLM), of an AlSi10Mg alloy is revealed at high ...resolution using scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. Special attention is paid to the description of non-equilibrium structures and compositional fields resulting from the ultrafast cooling of the LPBF process. Observations reveal the existence of a glass state in eutectic areas, wherein short-range ordering of the diamond-Si structure is observed. The apparent very fast solidification of eutectic regions is found to involve a local strain in adjacent Al cells, which extends up to 100 nm on average. In the supersaturated aluminium solid solution retained by the LPBF process, two populations of clusters are identified, for which the potential role of the selection of hardening phases is discussed. It is proposed that the microstructure of former melt pools outside heat-affected areas is described by the repetition of a periodic microstructural pattern consisting of eutectic regions /strain-hardened Al-crystals /strain-free Al-crystals with a high density of solute-rich clusters.
A layered nanostructure is produced by laser powder bed fusion of an Al-Si10Mg alloy. Melt pools are formed of repeated Al cells exhibiting a gradient of dislocation density and nano-layers of amorphous-phase enriched in Al and Si containing fine dispersions of diamond-Si nanocrystals. The high solidification rate involves the formation of a high density of solute-rich clusters in Al crystals Display omitted
•The design a periodic microstructural gradient by liquid powder bed fusion in an aluminium alloy is demonstrated•The ultrafast cooling allows forming nanoscale features which structure and composition are established.•Local strain hardening is evidenced in Al crystal in the vicinity of eutectic areas.•Short range ordering of silicon together with the formation of Si nanocrystals is shown in former eutectic areas.•Two populations of solute clusters are detected by APT: Mg-rich clusters (containing Si) Mg-free Si-rich clusters.
This study examines the impact of sports team heritage on sponsorships. Five dimensions of sports team heritage (athletes, coaches, symbols, stadium, and rituals) are found based on a review of the ...sports, sponsorship and brand heritage literature, and five empirical studies. The first study employed qualitative research to assist in item generation, while the next two studies quantitatively assessed the items and dimensions of sports team heritage. Two follow-up experiments show that invoking sports team heritage generates positive attitudes toward the sports team, the sponsorship, and the sponsoring brand, for both fictitious and real teams. Thus, we conceptualize, initially measure, and explore the impact of heritage within a sports team and sponsorship context, provide sports managers with guidelines on how to successfully benefit from team heritage, and outline directions for future research.
This study bridges the gap between the managerial view and the consumer view integrating research on storytelling with consumer perceptions of brand heritage. It identifies key elements of the ...stories told by managers of heritage product brands and consumer responses to these elements. Adopting a mixed‐methods approach, four empirical studies (in‐depth interviews with managers, content analysis of brand websites, a survey, and an experiment) provide evidence for relevant story elements, their use by heritage brand managers and their effects on consumers' responses. With several variables included as controls (consumer age, anxiety state, biological sex, brand familiarity, category involvement, category knowledge and verbal processing style), the findings indicate that brand managers' assumptions about the effectiveness of specific narrative elements do not entirely reflect consumer' responses to these elements. Managers (Studies 1 and 2) commonly employ the story elements of the date of foundation, people, technology, omni‐temporality, struggle, and the place of foundation. While consumers (Studies 3 and 4) infer heritage from the brand's date of foundation, omni‐temporality, and technology, the results are less unanimous for the story elements of people, struggle, and place of foundation.
Epidemiological data have shown that metabolic disease can increase the propensity for developing cognitive decline and dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). While this interaction is not ...completely understood, clinical studies suggest that both hyper- and hypoinsulinemia are associated with an increased risk for developing AD. Indeed, insulin signaling is altered in post-mortem brain tissue from AD patients and treatments known to enhance insulin signaling can improve cognitive function. Further, clinical evidence has shown that AD patients and mouse models of AD often display alterations in peripheral metabolism. Since insulin is primarily derived from the periphery, it is likely that changes in peripheral insulin levels lead to alterations in central nervous system (CNS) insulin signaling and could contribute to cognitive decline and pathogenesis. Developing a better understanding of the relationship between alterations in peripheral metabolism and cognitive function might provide a foundation for the development of better treatment options for patients with AD. In this article we will begin to piece together the present data defining this relationship by briefly discussing insulin signaling in the periphery and CNS, its role in cognitive function, insulin's relationship to AD, peripheral metabolic alterations in mouse models of AD and how information from these models helps understand the mechanisms through which these changes potentially lead to impairments in insulin signaling in the CNS, and potential ways to target insulin signaling that could improve cognitive function in AD.
This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Metabolic Impairment as Risk Factors for Neurodegenerative Disorders.’
•Metabolic disease increases the risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia.•AD is associated with peripheral metabolic alterations.•Insulin/insulin sensitivity is altered in the AD brain.•Insulin and Insulin sensitizers can improve cognitive function in AD.
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