Abstract
The discovery of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is an early milestone in developing optical fiber technology, such as optical communication to monitoring material health structures as ...sensors. For optical communication, the FBG components are capable of filtering functions. As a sensor, it has a high sensitivity immune to electromagnetic wave interference, is small in size, and is resistant to extreme environmental conditions. The sensitivity of the FBG sensor is obtained from the shift in the peak wavelength of each of the temperature and strain quantities. However, the performance of the FBG sensor can be improved by engineering the distribution of the refractive index on the grid with the apodization and chirp functions. Apodization is a technique to improve the performance of the FBG to eliminate noise, narrow the full width half maximum, lower the side lobes of the main lobe, and improve the spectrum ripple factor. Apart from apodization, the chirp function also affects the sensor sensitivity and the refractive index distribution on the grid. Numerical experiments were carried out in designing the FBG component as a sensor using Gaussian apodization and Topas (cyclic olefin copolymer) for several chirp functions. The results show that the Gaussian apodization Topas for all chirp functions as a strain sensor has the same sensitivity, namely 0.84 pm/μstrain while for temperature sensors with the highest sensitivity is obtained at cubic root chirp of 13.82857 pm/°C followed by square root chirp of 13.74286 pm/°C, quadratic chirp 13.71429 pm/°C, and linear chirp 13.4 pm/°C. The Bragg wavelength shift was greater for 1 °C than for the 1 μstrain.
Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is also widely used to detect the heart because it can be received in the form of pressure that results in changes in strain. FBG was chosen because it has a high ...sensitivity to strain. Heart rate detection can be done in several ways such as using a telescope, but using FBG has a high degree of accuracy and is sensitive to strain. Heart detection is still developing because of the serious problem with human life behavior so that efforts are needed to find other ways to more easily detect the heart. Currently, heart detection can be done without having to go to the hospital, such as by using a cellphone, watch, and others. This study aims to design and measure changes in the output power of FBG and to analyze the effect of strain change on FBG by loudspeaker vibration. The Bragg wavelengths used are 1310 nm and 1550 nm with a power of 1 mW as a diode laser source and the output is measured by an optical power meter. The highest change in output power at a wavelength of 1310 nm Bragg is equal to 0.471 μW, while at a wavelength of 1550 nm it is equal to 0.032 μW. The highest shift of the Bragg wavelength is at the Bragg 1310 nm wavelength, which is 0.598 nm, while the Bragg wavelength of 1550 nm is 0.552 nm. The highest change in strain was at 1310 nm Bragg wavelength valued at 576.186 με, while at 1550 nm Bragg wavelength was 432.113 με. This shows that the response at the Bragg wavelength of 1310 nm is more sensitive than the Bragg wavelength of 1550 nm.
A new optical trapping design to transport gold nanoparticles using a PANDA ring resonator system is proposed. Intense optical fields in the form of dark solitons controlled by Gaussian pulses are ...used to trap and transport nanoscopic volumes of matter to the desired destination via an optical waveguide. Theoretically, the gradient and scattering forces are responsible for this trapping phenomenon, where in practice such systems can be fabricated and a thin-film device formed on the specific artificial medical materials, for instance, an artificial bone. The dynamic behavior of the tweezers can be tuned by controlling the optical pulse input power and parameters of the ring resonator system. Different trap sizes can be generated to trap different gold nanoparticles sizes, which is useful for gold nanoparticle therapy. In this paper, we have shown the utility of gold nanoparticle trapping and delivery for therapy, which may be useful for cosmetic therapy and related applications.
Fiber optics can serve as optical sensors to determine efficient optical system in a variety of criteria such as reach, functional, the sensitivity and accuracy of the optical system 1-4. The FRA ...circuit is used in the form of a pre amplifier that can amplify light signals sent via optical fiber before the light signal is received by the photo detector so that the weakening of the signal to noise ratio caused by thermal noise in the photo detector can be suppressed 13, 14. The optical fiber communication system consists of a block of transmitters that function to convert electrical signals into light signals, optical fiber transmission medium and detectors as sensors of visible or invisible light signals and convert them into electrical signals 21. Figure 5 shows the relationship between the distance of optical fiber transmission and Q factor, which is the further the transmission distance, the smaller the Q factor value is obtained. 4.Conclusion Raman amplifier circuit system has been successfully simulated from 10-50 km with 1350 nm wavelength source, where 0.1 W pump power is run with several iterations corresponding to various distances.
In this study, we have generated terahertz (THz) frequency by a novel design of microring resonators for medical applications. The dense wavelength-division multiplexing can be generated and obtained ...by using a Gaussian pulse propagating within a modified PANDA ring resonator and an add/drop filter system. Our results show that the THz frequency region can be obtained between 40-50 THz. This area of frequency provides a reliable frequency band for THz pulsed imaging.
A novel design of an optical trapping tool for tangle protein (tau tangles, β-amyloid plaques) and molecular motor storage and delivery using a PANDA ring resonator is proposed. The optical vortices ...can be generated and controlled to form the trapping tools in the same way as the optical tweezers. In theory, the trapping force is formed by the combination between the gradient field and scattering photons, and is reviewed. By using the intense optical vortices generated within the PANDA ring resonator, the required molecular volumes can be trapped and moved dynamically within the molecular buffer and bus network. The tangle protein and molecular motor can transport and connect to the required destinations, enabling availability for Alzheimer's diagnosis.
Summary form only given. The plasma focus device is a potential source for multi-radiation emission. Lee model has been developed with a complete description of the plasma focus dynamics to simulate ...the plasma motion in both the axial and radial phase. The code couples the electrical circuit with plasma focus (PF) dynamics, thermodynamics and radiation. Spherical plasma focus device is a special case between Mather and Filippov configurations. Spherical electrodes made the chamber design more compact when compare to Mather-type and Filippov-type. In this study, numerical simulation for spherical plasma focus device using Lee model has been performed to test the universality of Lee model. Experimental results from a spherical plasma focus device is compared with numerical simulations results in terms of neutron yield and X-ray radiation for different gases and at different pressure.
PDF
