A
bstract
We present an updated global fit of neutrino oscillation data in the simplest three-neutrino framework. In the present study we include up-to-date analyses from a number of experiments. ...Concerning the atmospheric and solar sectors, besides the data considered previously, we give updated analyses of IceCube DeepCore and Sudbury Neutrino Observatory data, respectively. We have also included the latest electron antineutrino data collected by the Daya Bay and RENO reactor experiments, and the long-baseline T2K and NO
ν
A measurements, as reported in the Neutrino 2020 conference. All in all, these new analyses result in more accurate measurements of
θ
13
,
θ
12
,
Δ
m
21
2
and
Δ
m
31
2
. The best fit value for the atmospheric angle
θ
23
lies in the second octant, but first octant solutions remain allowed at ∼ 2
.
4
σ
. Regarding CP violation measurements, the preferred value of
δ
we obtain is 1.08
π
(1.58
π
) for normal (inverted) neutrino mass ordering. The global analysis still prefers normal neutrino mass ordering with 2.5
σ
statistical significance. This preference is milder than the one found in previous global analyses. These new results should be regarded as robust due to the agreement found between our Bayesian and frequentist approaches. Taking into account only oscillation data, there is a weak/moderate preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering of 2
.
00
σ
. While adding neutrinoless double beta decay from the latest Gerda, CUORE and KamLAND-Zen results barely modifies this picture, cosmological measurements raise the preference to 2
.
68
σ
within a conservative approach. A more aggressive data set combination of cosmological observations leads to a similar preference for normal with respect to inverted mass ordering, namely 2
.
70
σ
. This very same cosmological data set provides 2
σ
upper limits on the total neutrino mass corresponding to Σ
m
ν
<
0
.
12 (0
.
15) eV in the normal (inverted) neutrino mass ordering scenario. The bounds on the neutrino mixing parameters and masses presented in this up-to-date global fit analysis include all currently available neutrino physics inputs.
PArthENoPE revolutions Gariazzo, S.; F. de Salas, P.; Pisanti, O. ...
Computer physics communications,
02/2022, Letnik:
271
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This paper presents the main features of a new and updated version of the program PArthENoPE, which the community has been using for many years for computing the abundances of light elements produced ...during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. This is the third release of the PArthENoPE code, after the 2008 and the 2018 ones, and will be distributed from the code's website, http://parthenope.na.infn.it. Apart from minor changes, the main improvements in this new version include a revisited implementation of the nuclear rates for the most important reactions of deuterium destruction, 2H(p,γ)3He, 2H(d, n)3He and 2H(d, p)3H, and a re-designed GUI, which extends the functionality of the previous one. The new GUI, in particular, supersedes the previous tools for running over grids of parameters with a better management of parallel runs, and it offers a brand-new set of functions for plotting the results.
Program title:PArthENoPE 3.0
CPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/wvgr7d8yt9.2
Developer's repository link:http://parthenope.na.infn.it
Licensing provisions: GPLv3
Programming language: Fortran 77 and Python
Nature of problem: Computation of yields of light elements synthesized in the primordial universe
Solution method: Livermore Solver for Ordinary Differential Equations (LSODE) for stiff and nonstiff systems, Python GUI for running and plotting
Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Commun. 233 (2018) 237-242
Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes
Reasons for the new version: Update of the physics and improvements in the GUI
Summary of revisions: Update of the physics implemented in the Fortran code and improvements in the GUI functionalities, in particular new plotting functions
Neutrino oscillations are a widely observed and well-established phenomenon. It is also well known that deviations with respect to flavor conversion probabilities in vacuum arise due to neutrino ...interactions with matter. In this work, we analyze the impact of new interactions between neutrinos and the dark matter present in the Milky Way on the neutrino oscillation pattern. The dark matter-neutrino interaction is modeled by using an effective coupling proportional to the Fermi constant GF with no further restrictions on its flavor structure. For the galactic dark matter profile we consider a homogeneous distribution as well as several density profiles, estimating in all cases the size of the interaction required to get an observable effect at different neutrino energies. Our discussion is mainly focused in the PeV neutrino energy range, to be explored in observatories like IceCube and KM3NeT. The obtained results may be interpreted in terms of a light O(sub−eV–keV) or weakly interacting massive particlelike dark matter particle or as a new interaction with a mediator of O(sub−eV–keV) mass.
This study aimed to investigate the quality and quantity of organic matter (OM) using biochemical components (protein, carbohydrate and lipids) in the sediment cores collected from the Central Indian ...Ocean (CIOB) under the program Equatorial Indian Ocean Process Study Dynamics and Biogeochemistry (EIOPS). Total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical parameters (carbohydrate, lipid, protein, Tannin and lignin) were determined in core I and core II, respectively. Total carbohydrates varied from 4.66 to 2557.32 mg/kg (average 459.31 mg/kg) and 142.23 to 821.56 mg/kg (average 380.01 mg/kg) in core I and II, respectively. In core I, PRT varied from 70.95 to 107.05 mg/kg, and the minimum and maximum content of CHO was 143.23 and 822.56 mg/kg. The maximum and minimum concentrations of BPC in core II were 786.32 and 381.07 at 0-10 cm depth, respectively, which corresponded to the concentrations of PRT, CHO, LPD, and Tannin. The results showed that PRT was statistically significant with the TOC and negatively correlated with the LPD and CHO, while LPD was highly significant with clay and silt grains. In most of the samples, the ratio of LPD to CHO ratio was > 1, which indicated higher productivity of benthic organisms inhabiting the CIOB.
Aims.
We infer the gravitational potential of the Galactic disk by analysing the phase-space densities of 120 stellar samples in 40 spatially separate sub-regions of the solar neighbourhood, using
...Gaia
’s second data release (DR2), in order to quantify spatially dependent systematic effects that bias this type of measurement.
Methods.
The gravitational potential was inferred under the assumption of a steady state in the framework of a Bayesian hierarchical model. We performed a joint fit of our stellar tracers’ three-dimensional velocity distribution, while fully accounting for the astrometric uncertainties of all stars as well as dust extinction, and we also masked angular areas of known open clusters. The inferred gravitational potential is compared, post-inference, to a model for the baryonic matter and halo dark matter components.
Results.
We see an unexpected but clear trend for all 40 spatially separate sub-regions: Compared to the potential derived from the baryonic model, the inferred gravitational potential is significantly steeper close to the Galactic mid-plane (≲60 pc), but flattens such that the two agree well at greater distances (∼400 pc). The inferred potential implies a total matter density distribution that is highly concentrated to the Galactic mid-plane and decays quickly with height. We see a dependence on the Galactic radius that is consistent with a disk scale length of a few kiloparsecs. Apart from this, there are discrepancies between stellar samples, implying spatially dependent systematic effects which are, at least in part, explained by substructures in the phase-space distributions.
Conclusions.
In terms of the inferred matter density distribution, the very low matter density that is inferred at greater heights (≳300 pc) is inconsistent with the observed scale height and matter distribution of the stellar disk, which cannot be explained by a misunderstood density of cold gas or other hidden mass. Our interpretation is that these results must be biased by a time-varying phase-space structure, possibly a breathing mode, that is large enough to affect all stellar samples in the same manner.
Abstract Truancy has been a persistent problem in the United States for more than 100 years. Although truancy is commonly reported as a risk factor for substance use, delinquency, dropout, and a host ...of other negative outcomes for youth, there has been surprisingly little empirical investigation into understanding the causes and correlates of truancy using large, nationally representative samples. Using the adolescent sample ( N = 17,482) of the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), this study presents the prevalence of truancy and examines individual, school engagement, parental, and behavioral correlates of truancy. Overall, 11% of adolescents between the ages of 12–17 reported skipping school in the past 30 days. Results from multinomial logistic regression models indicate skipping school was robustly associated with an increased probability of reporting externalizing behaviors, less parental involvement, and engagement and lower grades in school. Implications for theory, prevention, and policy are discussed.
ABSTRACT
The density of dark matter near the Sun, ρDM, ⊙, is important for experiments hunting for dark matter particles in the laboratory, and for constraining the local shape of the Milky Way’s ...dark matter halo. Estimates to date have typically assumed that the Milky Way’s stellar disc is axisymmetric and in a steady-state. Yet the Milky Way disc is neither, exhibiting prominent spiral arms and a bar, and vertical and radial oscillations. We assess the impact of these assumptions on determinations of ρDM, ⊙ by applying a free-form, steady-state, Jeans method to two different N-body simulations of Milky Way-like galaxies. In one, the galaxy has experienced an ancient major merger, similar to the hypothesized Gaia–Sausage–Enceladus; in the other, the galaxy is perturbed more recently by the repeated passage and slow merger of a Sagittarius-like dwarf galaxy. We assess the impact of each of the terms in the Jeans–Poisson equations on our ability to correctly extract ρDM, ⊙ from the simulated data. We find that common approximations employed in the literature – axisymmetry and a locally flat rotation curve – can lead to significant systematic errors of up to a factor ∼1.5 in the recovered surface mass density ∼2 kpc above the disc plane, implying a fractional error on ρDM, ⊙ of the order of unity. However, once we add in the tilt term and the rotation curve term in our models, we obtain an unbiased estimate of ρDM, ⊙, consistent with the true value within our 95 per cent confidence intervals for realistic 20 per cent uncertainties on the baryonic surface density of the disc. Other terms – the axial tilt, 2nd Poisson and time-dependent terms – contribute less than 10 per cent to ρDM, ⊙ (given current data) and can be safely neglected for now. In the future, as more data become available, these terms will need to be included in the analysis.
The World Health Organization's "Coordinated Global Research Roadmap: 2019 Novel Coronavirus" outlined the need for research that focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women and children. ...More than one year after the first reported case significant knowledge gaps remain, highlighting the need for a coordinated approach. To address this need, the Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Working Group (MNCH WG) of the COVID-19 Clinical Research Coalition conducted an international survey to identify global research priorities for COVID-19 in maternal, reproductive and child health. This project was undertaken using a modified Delphi method. An electronic questionnaire was disseminated to clinicians and researchers in three different languages (English, French and Spanish) via MNCH WG affiliated networks. Respondents were asked to select the five most urgent research priorities among a list of 17 identified by the MNCH WG. Analysis of questionnaire data was undertaken to identify key similarities and differences among respondents according to questionnaire language, location and specialty. Following elimination of the seven lowest ranking priorities, the questionnaire was recirculated to the original pool of respondents. Thematic analysis of final questionnaire data was undertaken by the MNCH WG from which four priority research themes emerged. Questionnaire 1 was completed by 225 respondents from 29 countries. Questionnaire 2 was returned by 49 respondents. The four priority research themes which emerged from the analysis were 1) access to healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2) the direct and 3) indirect effects of COVID-19 on pregnant and breastfeeding women and children and 4) the transmission of COVID-19 and protection from infection. The results of these questionnaires indicated a high level of concordance among continents and specialties regarding priority research themes. This prioritized list of research uncertainties, developed to specifically highlight the most urgent clinical needs as perceived by healthcare professionals and researchers, could help funding organizations and researchers to answer the most pressing questions for clinicians and public health professionals during the pandemic. It is hoped that these identified priority research themes can help focus the discussion regarding the allocation of limited resources to enhance COVID-19 research in MNCH globally.
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