In today's world, people are surrounded by smart wireless devices which require sustainable and eco‐friendly power source. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is emerging as an imperative source to ...produce clean, cost‐effective, and easily fabricated battery‐less devices. The emphasis is on using biomaterials to play a vital role for the fabrication of such self‐ powered system. Herein, an approach is discussed to fabricate a novel TENG from the waste biomaterials (garlic tunic, onion tunic, and almond peel) which successfully harvests the electrical energy from daily human motions (walking and running). Egg shell membrane–polytetrafluoroethylene (ESM–PTFE) TENG generates 56.6 V/0.53 μA and is closely followed by garlic tunic–PTFE TENG with 44.6 V/0.36 μA, onion tunic–PTFE TENG with 41.4 V/0.32 μA, and almond peel–PTFE TENG with 40.2 V/0.29 μA, respectively. Moreover, ESM‐based TENG performance is examined using all other biomaterial combinations. These TENGs produce sufficient energy that can power an array of tens of green light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Finally, the power from human activities is harvested to control small portable electronic devices.
A fully biomaterial‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is fabricated using onion tunic (OT), garlic tunic (GT), almond peel (AP), and egg shell membrane (ESM). ESM is most electropositive material and maximum output is achieved from ESM–AP combination. The mechanical energy is harvested from simple human motions producing sufficient power that can run tens of green LEDs and digital watch.
Density functional theory is used to investigate the electronic state of a carbon nano-onion conglobated by endohedral-ing the highly curved C
20
fullerene within its parent fullerene C
60
. The ...Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function is later employed to examine the quantum transport when the carbon nano-onion, C
20
@C
60
is stringed to the pair of gold electrodes of (001) plane. The computed results are evaluated and compared with C
20
and C
60
junctions. The calculated electronic parameters of these molecular junctions are utilized to extrapolate their two electrical parameters: current and conductance. The carbon nano-onion junction assembled from the C
20
and C
60
molecules displays the combined effect of their molecular junctions when organized separately. Also, the insertion of C
20
molecule in the hollow cavity of C
60
fullerene leads to the enhancement of its current and conductance in carbon nano-onion junction formed, when compared to the one constructed otherwise.
Electrical charge transport through two basic strands Thymine and Adenine of DNA has been analyzed using jellium model approach. The FFT-2D computations have been performed for semi empirical ...Extended Huckel Theory using Atomistix Tool kit to contemplate the charge transport metrics like current and conductance. We have scrutinized the behavior of the devices in the range of -2 V–2 V for a step size of 0.2 V. A prominent observation is the drop in HLGs of Adenine and Thymine, when working as device as compared to their intrinsic values and this is comparative more visible in case of Adenine. The current in the thymine based device exhibit linear increase with voltage in spite of having low conductance. Further the broader transmission peaks represent the strong coupling of electrodes to the scattering molecule (Thymine). The NDR effect of Adenine based device for higher bias can be utilized in various future electronics applications.
•Electron transport phenomena through A and T nucleobase of DNA devices has been examined.•After comparing some of the vital electrical characteristics Au-Thymine-Au device is showing comparatively higher current.•Small dip in current from 1.8 to 2 bias voltage range can be seen in the adenine based device, which clearly gives NDR region.•The main idea to pursue this work is to build molecular applications like switches, diode and memories.
The feasibility of electron transport conduction through a guanine base of DNA was investigated and then compared with another component of DNA, i.e., cytosine. A mathematical approach based on the ...jellium model using non-equilibrium Green’s function combined with semi empirical extended Huckel theory was applied using the Atomistik Tool Kit. This was further used to measure significant transport parameters such as current, conductance, transmission spectra and the HOMO–LUMO gap of the suggested molecular system. An important revelation from our research work is that the cytosine-based molecular device exhibits metallic behavior with current ranging up to 70 μA, and hence establishes itself as a good conductor. On the other hand, the guanine-based device is comparatively less conductive, exhibiting current in the order of 3 μA. Another interesting observation about the guanine-based device is the visibility of a prominent negative differential resistance effect during the positive bias and a tunneling effect during negative bias. The uniform charge transfer through the cytosine device confirms its application as a molecular wire. The observations on the guanine-based device give better insights into its application as a memory device for nano-scale devices.
All government policies have a down side and the burden of the down side is often felt only by the common man. This paper considers one such government policy, the demonetization of high denomination ...currency by the Indian government that took effect midnight on November 8, 2016. In this paper, we have minutely analyzed this government policy from the common person’s perspective by using the concept of sentiment analysis and taking Twitter as a tool. In addition to performing a nation-wide analysis, we have also performed state-wide analysis using geolocation to further elucidate the reasons of displeasure among people of respective states. Keywords: Government policy, Demonetization, Sentiment analysis, Twitter, Tweet
Using the smallest non-classical fullerene, we investigate the impact of doping at the molecule–electrode interface on the electron transport of molecular junctions. This is accomplished by employing ...the density functional theory combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function. We contemplate different electronic parameters, namely, density of states, transmission coefficient, energy levels, molecular orbitals, conduction gaps, electron density, and their charge transfer. The relevance of these physical parameters is obtained to calculate their electrical parameters, current, and conductance, computed from Landauer–Büttiker formalism. The molecule–electrode coupling is influenced by the nature of doping atoms and affects the junction devices in a unique course. A particular aftermath is noticed in Au-C
18
O
2
-Au device with highest ballistic transport despite the electro-negative nature of oxygen atoms. Moreover, an interesting feature is observed in Au-C
18
Be
2
-Au device with double-barrier transmission resonance and corresponding oscillating conductance.
Graphical abstract
The doped C
20
fullerene in molecular and device mode
Using the smallest non-classical fullerene, we investigate the impact of endohedral fullerene molecules on the quantum transport through molecular junctions, and then compared this with the pure C
20
...-based molecular junction. By employing the density functional theory combined with the non-equilibrium Green’s function, we contemplated different electronic parameters, namely, density of states, transmission coefficient, energy levels, molecular orbitals, conduction gaps, electron density and their charge transfer. A knowledge of these physical parameters is necessary in order to calculate current and conductance computed using Landauer-Büttiker formalism. The molecule-electrode coupling influenced by endohedral molecules affects junction devices in a unique manner. We observe that the highest quantum transport is possible in an Au–N@C
20
–Au and Au–O@C
20
–Au junction device, and is even higher than that of the intrinsic C
20
fullerene junction. Another notable observation is that the F@C
20
molecule exhibits the least conducting nature, being even lower than that of the endohedral molecule formed by inserting the noble element, neon.
Graphical abstract
Electrical characteristics of Endohedral fullerene junctions
The effect of muddled base pair on electron transfer through a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule connected to the gold electrodes has been elucidated using tight binding model. The effect of ...hydrogen and nitrogen bonds on the resistance of the base pair has been minutely observed. Using the semiempirical extended Huckel approach within NEGF regime, we have determined the current and conductance vs. bias voltage for disordered base pairs of DNA made of thymine (T) and adenine (A). The asymmetrical behaviour amid five times depreciation in the current characteristics has been observed for deviated Au–AT base pair–Au devices. An interesting revelation is that the conductance of the intrinsic AT base pair configuration attains dramatically high values with the symmetrical zig-zag pattern of current, which clearly indicates the transformation of the bond length within the strands of base pair when compared with other samples. A thorough investigation of the transmission coefficients
T
(
E
) and HOMO–LUMO gap reveals the misalignment of the strands in base pairs of DNA. The observed results present an insight to extend this work to build biosensing devices to predict the abnormality with the DNA.
In this research work, we compare the rectification trends of two symmetrical and one asymmetrical molecular junction formed with gold and silver electrodes bridging benzenedithiol molecule. The ...origin of rectification is attributed to both molecular bias drop and asymmetric molecule–electrode coupling. The electronic transport properties are computed by using semi-empirical extended Huckel method combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function framework. The results are fully rationalized by analysing the distribution of molecular orbitals with changing bias voltage, available density of states and area of transmission spectra spanned within bias window, transmission eigenstates and transmission pathways. We deduce through this work that the molecular rectification is not only the property of asymmetric molecule–metal coupling, but molecular bias also plays vital role in stemming asymmetric
I
–
V
characteristics. Our results suggest how to realize molecular rectification by using different electrode materials which act as Schottky barriers in molecular junctions that emulate p–n junction diode in semiconductor electronics.
The word “nanotechnology” has been exaggerated not only by media but also by scientist groups who have overstated the unforeseen benefits of nanotechnology to validate research funding. Even ...ecologists, who normally remain indulged in doom-and-gloom divinations, use this word to fuel their own motives. Such outcomes lead to widespread misinformation and an unaware public. This research work is a staunch effort to filter the Twitter-based public opinions related to this word. Our results clearly indicate more of positive sentiments attached to the subject of nanotechnology, as trust, anticipation and joy overweigh by many folds the anger, mistrust and anger related to nanotechnology.
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