The aim of this research was to examine the connection of body mass index of eighth grade students and their results in motor abilities test, with the purpose of gaining insight in which tests is ...that connection more or less expressed, or there isn’t any. The sample of subjects consisted of 66 male and 64 female students from four elementary schools from the Varaždin city area, who attended eighth grade in the school year of 2018/2019 For data analysis, the results of the final testing of motor abilities were used. The sample of variables consisted of six motor tests and two anthropometrical measures, student’s age and their body mass index. For all 10 variables the basic descriptive parameters were calculated (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum), both for female and male students. Further data processing was done by linear regression analysis – 6 x regression analysis for each motor ability. The results of the regression analysis in male students showed statistically significant connection of body mass index and four variables (standing long jump, shuttle run with carrying objects, sit and reach and pull-up hold), while in female students the connection was significant only in two variables (standing long jump and pull-up hold). Overweight and obesity of children and adolescents is a growing phenomenon all over the world. Motor abilities are an important indicator of physical activity and one of the possible indicators of the level of fitness. Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight, negatively influence the condition and development of motor abilities, and the role of Physical education classes are of great importance in prevention and promotion of healthy living habits of students.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi povezanost indeksa tjelesne mase učenika osmih razreda sa rezultatima u testovima motoričkih sposobnosti. Svrha istraživanja je dobivanje uvida u kojim je ...testovima ta povezanost više, odnosno manje izražena, ili povezanosti nema. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 66 učenika i 64 učenice iz četiri osnovne škole sa područja grada Varaždina koji su polazili 8. razred školske godine 2018./2019. Za potrebe istraživanja korišteni su rezultati finalnih provjeravanja motoričkih sposobnosti u 8. razredima šk.god. 2018./2019. Uzorak varijabli činilo je njih deset: 6 motoričkih, 2 antropometrijske, dob učenika i indeks tjelesne mase. Za svih 10 varijabli izračunati su osnovni parametri deskriptivne statistike (aritmetička sredina, standardna devijacija, minimalna i maksimalna vrijednost), posebno za učenike te učenice. Daljnja obrada podataka učinjena je pomoću regresijske analize - 6x linearna regresija za svaku varijablu (motoričku sposobnost) posebno. Rezultati regresijske analize kod učenika pokazali su statistički značajnu povezanost indeksa tjelesne mase i četiri varijable (skok u dalj s mjesta, prenošenje pretrčavanjem, pretklon raznožno i izdržaj u visu zgibom), dok se kod učenica statistička značajnost očitovala u samo dvije (skok u dalj s mjesta i izdržaj u visu zgibom). Pretilost i prekomjerna tjelesna težina djece i adolescenata rastuća su pojava u cijelom svijetu. Motoričke sposobnosti jedan su od važnih pokazatelja bavljenja tjelesnim aktivnostima te jedan od mogućih pokazatelja razine tjelesne kondicije. Prekomjerna tjelesna težina negativno utječe na stanje i razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti te je utjecaj tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture od iznimnog značaja u prevenciji i promociji zdravih životnih navika učenika.
The gas sector in the EU is very developed and advanced, but there are still some steps and measures to improve this sector. One of the measures for the improvement, but also for the collection of ...data on energy consumption for an easy transition to a low carbon economy, are the projects of installing smart meters. This paper analyzes a pilot project of installing modules for remote reading of natural gas consumption on existing membrane gas meters. In the pilot project observed, modules for remote reading were installed on more than 10,000 existing meters, and their use, activation, and as well as the benefits that are achieved by using them are described in detail. These modules use the increasingly popular Sigfox network, which has proven to be an excellent tool for data transmission with low energy consumption, which can greatly simplify the digitization of many energy sectors. The installation of modules for remote reading on existing meters represents a novelty improvement of classic membrane meters towards modern and increasingly sought-after smart meters, which has proven to be time effective because, unlike some smart meter installation projects, this approach requires a very short installation time.
The results of the financial and sensitivity analysis have shown that with the currently valid legal regulation the financial savings achieved by energy supplier due to exemption from paying penalties are more than sufficient to cover the investment and operating costs of the entire investment. In case the legislation changes or is different, this paper proposes the concept of transferring partial financial value of energy savings from end consumers to energy supplier in order to cover the investment and operating costs of implementation.
•Technical solution for upgrading classic gas meter to smart meter.•Pilot project of installing 10,200 modules for remote reading.•Financial savings achieved by energy supplier cover the cost of installation.•Concept of transferring financial value of energy savings to energy suppliers.
The modification of wood and its surface is one of the challenges that is being perfected with the aim of transitioning to sustainable management. This study investigated the dynamic mechanical and ...thermal behaviour of unmodified and styrene modified fir wood (
Mill.). Styrene monomer was chosen and impregnated into the porous structure of fir wood by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to characterise the chemical structure, viscoelastic properties, and thermal stability of unmodified and modified (surface-modified) wood. All tests have to be regarded as being preliminary due to the small number of specimens. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed evidence of the phenyl group from styrene at 700 cm
. DMA results showed that the modified wood caused an increase in the glass transition temperature relative to the unmodified wood. In addition, modification with styrene improves thermal stability, as revealed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
The aim of our research was to study the behaviour of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) on variously modified poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) foils, namely on ...pristine PLLA, plasma-treated PLLA, PLLA grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG), PLLA grafted with dextran (Dex), and the tissue culture polystyrene (PS) control. On these materials, the ADSCs were biochemically differentiated towards VSMCs by a medium supplemented with TGFβ1, BMP4 and ascorbic acid (i.e. differentiation medium). ADSCs cultured in a non-differentiation medium were used as a negative control. Mature VSMCs cultured in both types of medium were used as a positive control. The impact of the variously modified PLLA foils and/or differences in the composition of the medium were studied with reference to cell adhesion, growth and differentiation. We observed similar adhesion and growth of ADSCs on all PLLA samples when they were cultured in the non-differentiation medium. The differentiation medium supported the expression of specific early, mid-term and/or late markers of differentiation (i.e. type I collagen, αSMA, calponin, smoothelin, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain) in ADSCs on all tested samples. Moreover, ADSCs cultured in the differentiation medium revealed significant differences in cell growth among the samples that were similar to the differences observed in the cultures of VSMCs. The round morphology of the VSMCs indicated worse adhesion to pristine PLLA, and this sample was also characterized by the lowest cell proliferation. Culturing VSMCs in the differentiation medium inhibited their metabolic activity and reduced the cell numbers. Both cell types formed the most stable monolayer on plasma-treated PLLA and on the PS control. The behaviour of ADSCs and VSMCs on the tested PLLA foils differed according to the specific cell type and culture conditions. The suitable biocompatibility of both cell types on the tested PLLA foils seems to be favourable for vascular tissue engineering purposes.
The use of a blend of chickpea and pumpkin seed press cake flours in the production of gluten-free crackers represents a promising strategy to address nutritional gaps and meet the growing demand for ...healthier gluten-free options. To test this assumption, an in vitro digestion method was employed to assess changes in total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, protein composition, electrophoretic patterns, and mineral content of gluten-free crackers formulated using these raw materials before and after digestion. The crackers were produced substituting 20% and 35% of chickpea flour by using two types of pumpkin seed press cake flour, one from virgin oil pressing (VFC) and the other from cold-pressed oil pressing (CFC). This approach aimed to assess how the treatment history of the pumpkin seed press cake flour affected the tested parameters. All samples displayed a 3- to 4-fold increase in total phenolic content after in vitro digestion. A noticeable enhancement in antioxidant activity is observed, where CFC samples showed higher values compared to VFC samples. The control sample and 35CFC sample present similar protein digestibility values (%), 76.97 and 77.05 respectively, while other crackers showed significantly lower digestibility. Incorporation of pumpkin seed press cake flours leads to a substantial increase in mineral content, notably zinc (up to 2-fold), iron (up to 40%), and magnesium (up to 2.5 fold). Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the utilization of pumpkin seed press cake as a potential source of bioactive compounds, emphasizing its significance beyond its traditional role as a by-product.
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