We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic
b
-hadron decays, mediated by the
b
→
s
τ
+
τ
-
transition, at a future high-energy circular electron–positron collider (FCC-
ee
). We argue ...that the high boosts of
b
-hadrons originating from on-shell
Z
boson decays allow for a full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic
τ
decay modes (up to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics of
Z
→
b
b
¯
, opens the door for the experimental determination of
τ
polarizations in these rare
b
-hadron decays. In the light of the current experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic
B
decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried by the
τ
polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean observables in the form of single- and double-
τ
polarization asymmetries.
Abstract We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic b-hadron decays, mediated by the $$b \rightarrow s \tau ^+ \tau ^-$$ b→sτ+τ- transition, at a future high-energy circular ...electron–positron collider (FCC-ee). We argue that the high boosts of b-hadrons originating from on-shell Z boson decays allow for a full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic $$\tau $$ τ decay modes (up to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics of $$Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}$$ Z→bb¯ , opens the door for the experimental determination of $$\tau $$ τ polarizations in these rare b-hadron decays. In the light of the current experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic B decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried by the $$\tau $$ τ polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean observables in the form of single- and double-$$\tau $$ τ polarization asymmetries.
We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic b-hadron decays, mediated by the Formula omitted transition, at a future high-energy circular electron-positron collider (FCC-ee). We argue ...that the high boosts of b-hadrons originating from on-shell Z boson decays allow for a full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic Formula omitted decay modes (up to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics of Formula omitted, opens the door for the experimental determination of Formula omitted polarizations in these rare b-hadron decays. In the light of the current experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic B decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried by the Formula omitted polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean observables in the form of single- and double- Formula omitted polarization asymmetries.
We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic b-hadron decays, mediated by the $b \rightarrow s \tau ^+ \tau ^-$ transition, at a future high-energy circular electron–positron collider ...(FCC-ee). We argue that the high boosts of b-hadrons originating from on-shell Z boson decays allow for a full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic $\tau $ decay modes (up to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics of $Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}$ , opens the door for the experimental determination of $\tau $ polarizations in these rare b-hadron decays. In the light of the current experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic B decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried by the $\tau $ polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean observables in the form of single- and double- $\tau $ polarization asymmetries.
We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic $b$-hadron decays,
mediated by the $b \rightarrow s \tau^+ \tau^-$ transition, at a future high
energy circular electron-positron collider ...(FCC-$ee$). We argue that the high
boosts of $b$-hadrons originating from on-shell $Z$ boson decays allow for a
full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic $\tau$ decay modes (up
to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics
of $Z\to b\bar b$, opens the door for the experimental determination of $\tau$
polarizations in these rare $b$-hadron decays. In light of the current
experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic $B$
decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried
by the $\tau$ polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean
observables in the form of single- and double-$\tau$ polarization asymmetries.
We consider measurements of exclusive rare semi-tauonic \(b\)-hadron decays, mediated by the \(b \rightarrow s \tau^+ \tau^-\) transition, at a future high energy circular electron-positron collider ...(FCC-\(ee\)). We argue that the high boosts of \(b\)-hadrons originating from on-shell \(Z\) boson decays allow for a full reconstruction of the decay kinematics in hadronic \(\tau\) decay modes (up to discrete ambiguities). This, together with the potentially large statistics of \(Z\to b\bar b\), opens the door for the experimental determination of \(\tau\) polarizations in these rare \(b\)-hadron decays. In light of the current experimental situation on lepton flavor universality in rare semileptonic \(B\) decays, we discuss the complementary short-distance physics information carried by the \(\tau\) polarizations and suggest suitable theoretically clean observables in the form of single- and double-\(\tau\) polarization asymmetries.
For most residents of Europe, war is a new experience in which they find themselves both as witnesses and participants. In this paper the war in Ukraine serves as an illustration and case example. ...Like any unfamiliar experience, war elicits profound emotional responses which can be so overwhelming that an individual may be unable to fully process them and to create mental representations of the reality of war. When the psyche becomes entrapped in an unprocessed state, without the capacity to derive meaning from it, this results in the “fossilization” of the psyche akin to what McGinley and Segal describes as a totalitarian state of mind. Subjectivity and individual differences come under collective or personal attack, or both. This state of being prioritizes the needs of the collective psyche over the individual psyche. The image of Gorgon Medusa, who transformed living people into “fossilized” ones, is presented as a metaphor of total identification with the collective dimension. In contrast, the psyche can reveal a creative approach to resolving war‐induced trauma. This is depicted in the concept of the Alchemical Stone and its creation, which symbolizes a harmonious connection between the external and internal realms, the subjective and objective experiences, and the real and the imaginal dimension.
Pour la plupart des habitants de l'Europe, la guerre est une nouvelle expérience dans laquelle ils se retrouvent à la fois témoins et participants. Dans cet article, la guerre en Ukraine sert d'illustration et de cas exemplaire. Comme toute expérience qui sort de l’ordinaire, la guerre suscite des réactions émotionnelles profondes qui peuvent être si accablantes qu'un individu peut se trouver incapable de les traiter pleinement et de créer des représentations mentales de la réalité de la guerre. Lorsque la psyché se retrouve piégée dans un état qu’elle ne peut pas traiter, sans la capacité d'en tirer un sens, il en résulte une « fossilisation » de la psyché, semblable à ce que McGinley et Segal a décrit comme un état d'esprit totalitaire. La subjectivité et les différences individuelles font l'objet d'attaques collectives ou personnelles, ou des deux. Cet état d'être donne la priorité aux besoins de la psyché collective plutôt qu'à la psyché individuelle. L'image de la Gorgone Méduse, qui a transformé des êtres vivants en êtres «fossilisés», est présentée comme une métaphore de l'identification totale à la dimension collective. En revanche, la psyché peut révéler une approche créative pour résoudre les traumatismes induits par la guerre. Ceci est représenté par le concept de la Pierre Alchimique et de sa création, qui symbolise un lien harmonieux entre les royaumes extérieur et intérieur, les expériences subjectives et objectives, et les dimensions réelles et imaginales.
Für die meisten Bewohner Europas ist Krieg eine neue Erfahrung, an der sie sowohl Zeuge als auch Teilnehmer sind. Als Veranschaulichung und Fallbeispiel dient in diesem Beitrag der Krieg in der Ukraine. Wie jede unbekannte Erfahrung ruft der Krieg tiefgreifende emotionale Reaktionen hervor, die so überwältigend sein können, daß ein Einzelner möglicherweise nicht in der Lage ist, diese vollständig zu verarbeiten und sich eine mentale Darstellung der Realität des Krieges zu machen. Wenn die Psyche in einem unverarbeiteten Zustand gefangen ist und nicht in der Lage ist, daraus einen Sinn abzuleiten, führt dies zur “Versteinerung𠇝 der Psyche, ähnlich dem, was McGinley und Segal als totalitären Geisteszustand beschreibt. Subjektivität und individuelle Unterschiede geraten unter kollektiven oder persönlichen Angriff oder beides. Dieser Seinszustand priorisiert die Bedürfnisse der kollektiven gegenüber der individuellen Psyche. Das Bild der Gorgo Medusa, die lebende Menschen in “versteinerte” verwandelte, wird als Metapher der völligen Identifikation mit der kollektiven Dimension dargestellt. Im Gegensatz dazu kann die Psyche einen kreativen Ansatz zur Lösung kriegsbedingter Traumata offenbaren. Dies wird im Konzept des alchemistischen Steins und seiner Erschaffung dargestellt, der eine harmonische Verbindung zwischen den äußeren und inneren Bereichen, den subjektiven und objektiven Erfahrungen sowie den realen und imaginären Dimensionen symbolisiert.
Per la maggior parte dei cittadini europei la guerra è un’esperienza nuova nella quale si ritrovano sia come testimoni che come partecipanti. In questo articolo, la guerra in Ucraina serve da illustrazione ed esempio. Come ogni esperienza sconosciuta, la guerra suscita risposte emotive profonde che possono essere così travolgenti che un individuo può non essere in grado di elaborarle completamente e di creare rappresentazioni mentali della realtà della guerra. Quando la psiche rimane intrappolata in uno stato non elaborato, senza la possibilità di trarne un significato, si realizza una “fossilizzazione” della psiche simile a ciò che McGinley e Segal descrive come uno stato mentale totalitario. La soggettività e le differenze individuali sono oggetto di attacchi collettivi o personali, o di entrambi. Questo stato dell’essere dà priorità ai bisogni della psiche collettiva rispetto a quelli della psiche individuale. L'immagine della Gorgone Medusa, che trasformava gli esseri viventi in “fossili”, si presenta come metafora di totale identificazione con la dimensione collettiva. Al contrario, la psiche può aprire ad un approccio creativo per risolvere il trauma indotto dalla guerra. Questo è rappresentato nel concetto della Pietra Alchemica e della sua creazione, che simboleggia una connessione armoniosa tra i regni esterno ed interno, le esperienze soggettive e oggettive e le dimensioni reali e immaginali.
Для большинства жителей Европы война является новым опытом, когда можно почувствовать себя как свидетелем, так и участником. Данная статья обращается к войне в Украине в качестве иллюстрации и примера. Как и любой другой незнакомый опыт, война вызывает глубокие эмоциональные реакции, которые могут оказаться настолько ошеломляющими, что человек будет не в состоянии полностью их переработать и создать ментальные репрезентации реальности войны. Когда психика оказывается в ловушке непереработанных эмоций, без возможности извлечь из них смысл, это делает ее “окаменелой” ‐ МакГинли и Сигал называют подобное состояние тоталитарным состоянием ума. Субъектность и индивидуальные различия становятся мишенью для коллективных и/или личных атак. В таком состоянии существования потребности коллективной психики получают приоритет над потребностями индивидуальной. Метафорой тотальной идентификации с коллективным измерением является образ Медузы Горгоны, превращающей живых людей в “окаменевших”. И наоборот, психика может найти творческий подход к разрешению травм, вызванных войной. Это получило отражено в идее о поиске философского камня, символизирующего гармоничную связь между внешней и внутренней сферой, субъективным и объективным опытом, реальным и воображаемым измерением.
Para la mayoría de los habitantes de Europa, la guerra es una experiencia nueva en la que se encuentran tanto como testigos y como participantes. En este artículo, la guerra en Ucrania sirve como ilustración y ejemplo de caso. Como cualquier experiencia desconocida, la guerra provoca profundas respuestas emocionales que pueden ser tan abrumadoras que un individuo puede ser incapaz de procesarlas completamente y de crear representaciones mentales de la realidad de la guerra. Cuando la psique queda atrapada en un estado, sin posibilidad de elaborar y sin la capacidad para hallarle un sentido, se produce una “fosilización” de la psique similar a lo que McGinley Segal describe como un estado mental Totalitario. La subjetividad y las diferencias individuales son objeto de ataques colectivos o personales, o ambos. Este estado de ánimo prioriza las necesidades de la psique colectiva sobre la individual. La imagen de la Gorgona Medusa, que transformó a las personas vivas en “fosilizadas”, se presenta como una metáfora de la identificación total con la dimensión colectiva. Por el contrario, la psique puede revelar un enfoque creativo para resolver el trauma inducido por la guerra. Esto se representa en el concepto de la Piedra Alquímica y su creación, que simboliza una conexión armoniosa entre los reinos externo e interno, las experiencias subjetivas y objetivas, y las dimensiones real e imaginal.
战争:心智化和集权心态
对于大多数欧洲人来说, 战争是一个全新的经验, 人们即是目击者, 又身处其中。这篇文章以乌克兰为例来进行说明。和任何不熟悉的经验一样, 战争激发很强的情绪反应, 有时候这种反应是压倒性的, 以至于让个体无法处理它, 以及无法为真实的战争创造出心理的表征。当心灵被困在一个无法处理的状态, 没有能力从中获得意义之时, 结果就是心灵的“僵化”, 这正如Segal所描述的集权心态。主观性和个体差异受到集体或个人的攻击, 或两者兼而有之。这种存在状态将集体心理的需求置于个人心理之上。美杜莎的意象在此被当作对集体层面完全认同的隐喻, 她将活人变成 了“化石”。相反, 心灵可以揭示一种解决战争创伤的创造性方法。这一过程在炼金石及其创造的概念中得以体现, 炼金石象征着外部和内部领域、主体和客体体验、现实和想象维度之间的和谐联系。
One of the best domestic dairy breeds is black-motley breed. At the same time, the Holstein breed has been one of the most highly productive for a long time. All world records for milk production ...were set by the Holstein breed. Moreover, it is very demanding in terms of management. In current conditions of the dairy cattle development, the semen of Holstein sires is still being used to increase the milk production of black-motley cows. Until today, there is no consensus on the optimal proportion of blood of the improving breed. The paper analyzes and evaluates the production of the daughters of sires depending on the proportion of blood of the Holstein breed. As a result, it was found that sires of Holstein lines have a positive effect on the production qualities of the black-motley breed, which ultimately leads to an increase in milk production. At the same time, in order to further improve the breeding and productive qualities of cows in herds, it is necessary to use sires assessed by the quality of the offspring, which are improvers in terms of milk yield and milk fat content. Consistent implementation of all technological solutions should be a fundamental factor in realization of the genetic potential.
100 Years Later, What Is New in Glycerol Bioproduction? Semkiv, Marta V.; Ruchala, Justyna; Dmytruk, Kostyantyn V. ...
Trends in biotechnology (Regular ed.),
August 2020, 2020-08-00, 20200801, Letnik:
38, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Industrial production of glycerol by yeast, which began during WWI in the so-called Neuberg fermentation, was the first example of metabolic engineering. However, this process, based on bisulfite ...addition to fermentation liquid, has many drawbacks and was replaced by other methods of glycerol production. Osmotolerant yeasts and other microorganisms that do not require addition of bisulfite to steer cellular metabolism towards glycerol synthesis have been discovered or engineered. Because the glycerol market is expected to reach 5 billion US$ by 2024, microbial fermentation may again become a promising way to produce glycerol. This review summarizes some problems and perspectives on the production of glycerol by natural or engineered eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms.
Glycerol is an important feedstock for the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries.Wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces significant amounts of glycerol from glucose after the addition of steering agents (Neuberg fermentation), whereas genetically modified S. cerevisiae strains can synthesize glycerol without steering agents under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions.Osmotolerant yeasts produce significant amounts of glycerol aerobically under hyperosmotic conditions, and can be used for industrial glycerol production.Microalgae and cyanobacteria can produce glycerol directly from atmospheric CO2, but this process has not yet been implemented industrially.
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