We report on the expected sensitivity of dedicated scintillator-based detectors at the LHC for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge. The dataset provided by a ...prototype scintillator-based detector is used to characterize the performance of the detector and provide an accurate background projection. Detector designs, including a novel slab detector configuration, are considered for the data taking period of the LHC to start in 2022 (Run 3) and for the high luminosity LHC. With the Run 3 dataset, the existence of new particles with masses between 10 MeV and 45 GeV could be excluded at 95% confidence level for charges between 0.003 e and 0.3 e, depending on their mass. With the high luminosity LHC dataset, the expected limits would reach between 10 MeV and 80 GeV for charges between 0.0018 e and 0.3 e, depending on their mass.
We report on a search for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge using a data sample of proton-proton collisions provided by the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2018, ...corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37.5 fb−1 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A prototype scintillator-based detector is deployed to conduct the first search at a hadron collider sensitive to particles with charges ≤ 0.1 e . The existence of new particles with masses between 20 and 4700 MeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for charges between 0.006 e and 0.3 e , depending on their mass. New sensitivity is achieved for masses larger than 700 MeV.
We report on the expected sensitivity of dedicated scintillator-based detectors at the LHC for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge. The dataset provided by a ...prototype scintillator-based detector is used to characterise the performance of the detector and provide an accurate background projection. Detector designs, including a novel slab detector configuration, are considered for the data taking period of the LHC to start in 2022 (Run 3) and for the high luminosity LHC. With the Run 3 dataset, the existence of new particles with masses between 10 MeV and 45 GeV could be excluded at 95% confidence level for charges between 0.003e and 0.3e, depending on their mass. With the high luminosity LHC dataset, the expected limits would reach between 10 MeV and 80 GeV for charges between 0.0018e and 0.3e, depending on their mass
Climate change is perceived as a major challenge of modern times. Apart from mitigation measures, such as greenhouse gas emission reductions, a further means to tackle it is via the deployment of ...adaptation policies and responses, which may also help to address the natural hazards associated with it. Despite the importance of adaptation measures, their effectiveness is often limited by a failure to integrate actions addressing both the causes and symptoms of vulnerability. There is evidence that adaptation processes are largely fragmented, incremental, with limited capacity for transformational change. This paper suggests measures through which transformative adaptation may be further deployed to tackle climate challenges in conjunction with efforts that address poverty alleviation. The implications of this paper are two-fold. Firstly, it offers a comprehensive review of the literature on transformative climate change adaptation, outlining its nature and special features. Secondly, it contains a unique set of cases from 20 countries, predominantly from the Global South, mostly affected by climate change, and is one of the largest studies on the topic ever undertaken. The experiences from this paper will support attempts to sustain transformative adaptation and natural hazards control, which are relevant to the many countries suffering from climatic variations.
•Examines the concept of transformative adaptation and its adoption in facing climate change adaptation challenges.•Presents cases of climate change adaptation strategies from 20 countries.•Highlights the context-specific nature of climate change adaptation challenges.•Six countries adopted mainly incremental adaptation approach while 14 countries implemented transformative adaptation methods.•Highlights measures for improving the implementation of transformative adaptation to tackle challenges of climate change.
This paper describes the uncertainty analysis performed for the reconstruction of a 3-D shape. Multiple stereo systems are employed to measure a 3-D surface with superimposed colored markers. The ...procedure comprised a detailed uncertainty analysis of all measurement phases, and the uncertainties evaluated were employed to perform a compatibility analysis of points acquired by different stereo pairs. The compatible acquired markers were statistically merged in order to obtain the measurement of a 3-D shape and an evaluation of the associated uncertainty. Both the compatibility analysis and the measurement merging are based on the evaluated uncertainty.
Early life stages of Salmo gairdneri from eggs to alevins were exposed to p-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) in a series of short-term uptake and release studies and in a long-term continuous test at three ...different concentrations from 3 to 79 micrograms/liter. Water concentration was frequently checked and the concentration of p-DCB in eggs and alevins was determined by gas chromatographic analysis of hexane extracts. Total and neutral lipids in the different stages were also determined. Neither macroscopic malformations nor histological changes were observed at hatching. The highest concentration (about 1/10th of the incipient lethal level for alevins of S. gairdneri) did not show any significant difference in mortality compared to the control. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) experimentally determined on alevins agreed with the theoretical ones, calculated on the basis of water solubility, whereas higher contents of p-DCB up to one order of magnitude were observed in some stages before the hatching. The hypothesis relating accumulation to lipid content was tested; higher concentration factors (CF) of p-DCB were found in stages with higher lipid levels, particularly eggs. Metabolic modifications, occurring during the hatching, on the other hand, increase the rate of release in spite of the still high lipid content at this stage. Kinetic constants of uptake and release were determined for eggs and alevins. It is concluded that more attention has to be paid to compounds with medium theoretical BCF to evaluate the effective accumulation potential of early life stages as in general compounds with very high BCF have a slow rate of uptake.
Phys. Rev. D 102, 032002 (2020) We report on a search for elementary particles with charges much smaller than
the electron charge using a data sample of proton-proton collisions provided by
the CERN ...Large Hadron Collider in 2018, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 37.5 fb$^{-1}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. A prototype
scintillator-based detector is deployed to conduct the first search at a hadron
collider sensitive to particles with charges ${\leq}0.1e$. The existence of new
particles with masses between 20 and 4700 MeV is excluded at 95% confidence
level for charges between $0.006e$ and $0.3e$, depending on their mass. New
sensitivity is achieved for masses larger than $700$ MeV.
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