R5; AIM: To define the common deleted region on the long arm of haman chromosome 7q linked to primary gastric carcinomas in Chinese by loss of heterozygosity (LOH)and its clinical ...significance.METHODS: Nine microsatellite markers distributed over chromosome 7q with an average marker density of 10cM were used to examine 70 primary gastric carcinomas for LOH by PCR amplification. The PCR products were separated by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel.Genescan and Genotyper soft-wares were used to analyze LOH.RESULTS: LOH with at least one marker on 7q occurred in 34.3% (12/50) of the tumors. Among them, LOH at D7S486 and D7S798 was higher in 24.0% (24/70) and 19.2% (5/26), respectively. By statistical analysis we also observed an obvious genotype-phenotype correlation on 7q (P＜0.05). The frequency of LOH at D7S486 in patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in those without lymph node metastasis (P= 0.015).CONCLUSION: The high incidence of LOH at D7S486and its correlation with poorer prognosis suggest that there might be putative tumor suppressor genes in this region involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma.
Amphiphilic star-block copolymers composed of polystyrene and poly（acrylic acid） were synthesized by iodide- mediated radical polymerization. Firstly, free radical polymerization of styrene was ...carried out with AIBN as initiator and 1,1,1-trimethyolpropane tri（2-iodoisobutyrate） as chain transfer agent, giving iodine atom ended star-shaped polystyrene with three arm chains, R（polystyrene）3. Secondly, tert-butyl acrylate was polymerization using polystyrene obtained as macro-chain transfer agent, and star-block copolymer, R（polystyrene-b-poly（tert-butyl acrylate））3 with controlled molecular weight was obtained. Finally, amphiphilic star-block copolymer, R（polystyrene-b-poly（acrylic acid））3 was obtained by hydrolysis of R（polystyrene-b-poly（tert-butyl acrylate））3 under acidic condition.
Based on the analysis of the basic principal of land reservation system of small and medium-sized cities, this paper gives detailed discuss on many problems which exist during the process of land ...reservation system, such as unclear function abstract truncated by publisher.
Background Untreated human cytomegalovirus （CMV） disease （CMVD） is an identified risk factor for reduced rates of patient （and graft） survival, death or retransplantation in kidney transplant ...recipients due to increased immunological tolerance after transplant. Vitamin D receptor （VDR） gene polymorphisms have an obvious relationship with autoimmune diseases but the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and CMVD are not well understood. This study investigated the relationship between VDR Fokl and Apal gene polymorphisms and CMVD, and their value for predicting risk of CMVD. Methods Ninety-eight kidney transplantation recipients were randomly chosen for which peripheral blood samples and case histories for the first three months after kidney transplantation were obtained. Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms, 30 recipients were found to be homozygous for the Fokl gene （FF）, 47 heterozygous （FI）, and 21 were homozygous （f/）. Likewise, similar analyses determined that 12 recipients were homozygous for the Apal gene （AA）, 36 heterozygous （Aa）, and 50 homozygous （aa）. Factors affecting the prognosis of the kidney transplantation were compared for all genotypes by statistical analysis before operation. Infection by CMV for all recipients was detected by immunofluorescence assay to diagnose CMVD. Results No statistical significance was observed for the factors affecting the prognosis of the kidney transplantation between both genotypes; however, statistical differences in CMVD among the Fokl genotypes were identified. It was determined that the risk of CMVD was significantly increased for recipients of the ff genotype than for other genotypes. There was no statistical significance observed for CMVD among Apal genotypes. Conclusions The recessive f allelic gene of VDR can be regarded as a risk factor of CMVD while FF recipients have lower incidence of CMVD after kidnev transolantation. Aoal aenotvoes showed no relationshio with oredisoosition to CMVD.
A new heat-resistant, soluble polymer, poly(phenyl-1,2,4-triazine imidc), has been prepared via a two-step method of polycondensation of N,N'-bis(4-benzil)pyromellitimide and terephthalamidrazone in ...cresol, followed by curing at higher temperature. The rigid 1,2,4-triazine group increases the solubility of the polyimide so that the polymer is soluble in cresol,N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), trifluoroacetic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, etc. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)indicates that this novel polyimide has good thermal stability with a high decomposition temperature of 447℃ in air and of 423 ℃ in N2. It has a tensile strength of 107.4 MPa with an elongation at break of around 7.6%.
Background Chronic liver diseases are a major burden in China. Alanine aminotransferase （ALT） can be used as an indicator of hepatocyte damage. In this study, we determined the prevalence and ...etiologies of elevated ALT in an adult population in Jilin, China. Methods A total of 4072 individuals aged between 18 and 79 years were first interviewed, and then underwent ultrasonography and blood tests. Results The prevalence of elevated ALT was 17.53%. The most noticeable risk factor for ALT elevation was non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） （accounting for 10.79%）, metabolic syndrome （16.25%）, or both （20.31%）. The development of NAFLD occured mostly in female peasants and small businessmen with increased income, age, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, triglyceridemia, and low-density lipoprotein and decreased education level, high-density lipoprotein. Elevated ALT frequently occured in low education level, male peasants and small businessmen with increased income, body mass index and＇ triglyceride who had NAFLD and/or metabolic syndrome. However, elevated ALT with infection of hepatitis B or C virus was not associated with metabolic disorders, but rather with gender, occupation and increased age. Conclusion The results from the current study demonstrate that elevated ALT is fairly high in the Northeast population （17.53%） and that the cause of its elevation is mostly due to NAFLD and metabolic syndrome.
In this research, the conditions for extraction of phenolics from leaves of Ficus virens were optimized using response surface methodology （RSM）. The extraction abilities of phenolics （EAP） and ...flavonoids （EAF）, the 2,2-diphenyl-l-pierylhydrazyl （DPPH） free-radical scavenging potential, and the ferric reducing/antioxidant power （FRAP） were used as quality indicators. The results of single-factor experiments showed that temperature, ethanol concentration, extraction time, and the number of extraction cycles were the main influencing variables, and these provided key information for the central composite design. The results of RSM fitted well to a second degree polynomial model and more than 98% of the variability was explained. The ideal extraction conditions for EAP, EAF, DPPH free-radical scavenging potential, and FRAP were obtained. Considering the four quality indicators overall, the ideal extraction conditions were 58% ethanol at 57 ℃ for 37 min with three extraction cycles. At the ideal extraction condi- tions, the values of EAP, EAF, DPPH free-radical scavenging potential, and FRAP were 5.72%, 3.09%, 58.88 mg ascorbic acid equivalent （AAE）/g dry weight （DW）, and 15.86 mg AAE/g DW, respectively. In addition, linear correlations were observed between EAP, EAF, and antioxidant potential.
Abiotic stress poses a great threat to plant growth and can lead to huge losses in yield. Gene enolase2 （EN02） is important in resistance to abiotic stress in various organisms. ENO2 T-DNA insertion ...mutant （enoZ） plants of Arabidopsis thaliana showed complete susceptibility to sodium chloride treatment when were analyzed either as whole plants or by measuring root growth during NaCl treatment. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR （RT-qPCR） was performed to investigate the expression profile of EN02 in response to NaCl stress in Arabidopsis. The transcript level of EN02 was rapidly elevated in 300 mmol L-1 NaCl treatment. ENO2 also responded to 300 mmol L 1 NaCl treatment at the protein level. To illuminate the mechanism underlying EN02 resistance to salt at the transcriptional level, we studied the wild-type and enoZ Arabidopsis lines that were treated with 300 mmol L 1 NaCl for 18 h using 454 GS FLX, which resulted in an expressed sequence tag （EST） dataset. A total of 961 up-regulated and 746 down-regulated differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were identified in the pairwise comparison w-r-18 h：eno2~-18 h. The DEGs were identified and functionally annotated using the databases of Gene Ontology （GO） and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG）. The identified unigenes were subjected to GO analysis to determine biological, molecular, and cellular functions. The biological process was enriched in a total of 20 GO terms, the cellular component was enriched in 13 GO terms, and the molecular function was enriched in 11 GO terms. Using KEGG mapping, DEGs with pathway annotations contributed to 115 pathways. The top 3 pathways based on a statistical analysis were biosynthesis of the secondary metabolites （KO01110）, plant-pathogen interactions （KO04626）, and plant hormone signal transduction （KO04075）. Based on these results, EN02 contributes to increased resistance to abiotic stress. In particular, EN02 is involved in some of the metabolic stress response pathways in Arabidopsis. Our work also demonstrates that this EST dataset will be a powerful resource for further studies of EN02, such as functional analyses, investigations of biological roles, and molecular breeding. Additionally, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase （PGK）, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase 1 （PGK1）, triosephosphate isomerase （TPI）, and pyruvate kinase （PK） in glycolysis interactions with ENO2 were verified using the yeast two-hybrid experiment, and EN02 may regulate the expression of PGK, PGK1, TPI, and PK. Taken together, the results from this study reflects that EN02 gene has an important role in the response to the high salt stress.
Aim： To investigate the efficacy of mitomycin C （MMC） in combination with curcumin in suppressing human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods： Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were used. Cell ...viability was measured using MTT assay. The cell cycle phase was detected with flow cytometric analysis. Cell cycle-associated proteins were examined using Western blot analysis. MCF-7 breast cancer xenografts were established to monitor tumor growth and cell cycle-associated protein expression. Results： Curcumin inhibited MCF-7 breast cancer cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner （IC50 value=40 pmol/L）. Similarly, MMC inhibited the cell viability with an IC50 value of 5 μmol/L. Combined treatment of MMC and curcumin showed a synergistic antiproliferative effect. In the presence of curcumin （40 pmol/L）, the IC50 value of MMC was reduced to 5 μmol/L. In MCF-7 xenografts, combined administration of curcumin （100 mg/kg） and MMC （1-2 mg/kg） for 4 weeks produced significantly greater inhibition on tumor growth than either treatment alone. The combined treatment resulted in significantly greater G1 arrest than MMC or curcumin alone. Moreover, the cell cycle arrest was associated with inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 （CDK2） and CDK4, along with the induction of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and p27 both in MCF-7 cells and in MCF-7 xenografts. These proteins were regulated through p38 MAPK pathway. Conclusion： The results suggest that the combination of MMC and curcumin inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in vitro and in vivo via the p38 MAPK pathway.
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