Anticancer agents are critical for the cancer treatment, but side effects and the drug resistance associated with the currently used anticancer agents create an urgent need to explore novel drugs ...with low side effects and high efficacy. 1,2,3-Triazole is privileged building block in the discovery of new anticancer agents, and some of its derivatives have already been applied in clinics or under clinical trials for fighting against cancers. Hybrid molecules occupy an important position in cancer control, and hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole framework with other anticancer pharmacophores may provide valuable therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cancer, especially drug-resistant cancer. This review emphasizes the recent advances in 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids with anticancer potential, covering articles published between 2015 and 2019, and the structure-activity relationships, together with mechanisms of action are also discussed.
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•1,2,3-Triazole drugs have already been used in clinics for cancer treatment.•1,2,3-Triazole-containing hybrids with potential anticancer activity.•The SAR was enriched.
A nanostructured lithium‐metal anode employing an unstacked graphene “drum” and dual‐salt electrolyte brings about a dendrite‐free lithium depositing morphology. On the one hand, the unstacked ...graphene framework with ultrahigh specific surface area guarantees an ultralow local current density that prevents the growth of lithium dendrites. On the other hand, the stable, flexible, and compact solid electrolyte interphase layer induced by the dual‐salt electrolyte protects the deposited lithium layers.
A cooperative interface constructed by “lithiophilic” nitrogen‐doped graphene frameworks and “sulfiphilic” nickel–iron layered double hydroxides (LDH@NG) is proposed to synergistically afford ...bifunctional Li and S binding to polysulfides, suppression of polysulfide shuttles, and electrocatalytic activity toward formation of lithium sulfides for high‐performance lithium–sulfur batteries. LDH@NG enables high rate capability, long lifespan, and efficient stabilization of both sulfur and lithium electrodes.
Structural hierarchy plays an important role in the biological world and for functional materials with optimized properties and high efficiency. As promising candidates for various energy storage ...systems, hierarchical porous carbon/graphene materials have been intensively investigated over the past decades, while the favorable regulation of their hierarchical porosity remains a challenge. Herein, porous CaO serves as both the catalyst and template for a versatile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of hierarchical porous graphene. The gas atmosphere during CVD and nanostructure of adopted catalysts impact significantly on the graphitization degree and hierarchical porosity of resultant materials. The as‐fabricated material exhibits abundant microsized in‐plane vacancies, mesosized wrinkled pores, and macrosized strutted cavities, thereby contributing to a strong surface entrapment, short ion diffusion pathways, rapid mass transport, low interfacial resistance, and robust framework. It is demonstrated as a favorable scaffold for lithium–sulfur battery cathodes with superior rate capability, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent stability. A high capacity of 357 (656 ) is manifested at the current rate of 5.0 C, exhibiting a 74% retention of the capacity at 0.1 C. The first use of CaO‐templated CVD growth of graphene reported herein opens up new perspectives on the effective fabrication of hierarchical porous graphene materials on metal oxide catalysts with promising applications in energy storage, catalysis, adsorption, drug delivery, and so on.
An hierarchical porous graphene material is readily fabricated via CaO‐templated chemical vapor deposition for the first time. Microsized in‐plane vacancies, mesosized wrinkled pores, and macrosized strutted cavities render the as‐obtained material a favorable scaffold for lithium–sulfur battery cathodes with superior rate capability, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent stability. A remarkable capacity of 357 (656 ) is manifested at a high current rate of 5.0 C, exhibiting a 74% retention of the capacity at 0.1 C.
Aim
Although miR‐29 has emerged as a crucial non‐coding RNA in the regulation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, further exploration of its specific mechanisms is necessary to resolve controversy ...about its major role in this condition. This study therefore evaluated the role of miR‐29a and whether it acts through the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Methods
In this study, a rat model of pressure‐induced cardiac hypertrophy was established by transverse aortic constriction and verified by echocardiography, histological analysis and quantitative RT‐PCR. At the cellular level, we explored the role of miR‐29a in angiotensin II‐stimulated hypertrophic H9c2 cardiomyoblasts by transfecting the cells with miR‐29a inhibitor and mimic. The relationship between miR‐29a and the signalling pathway was investigated with dual luciferase reporter assays, immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting. We also examined whether autophagy is involved in the regulatory mechanism of miR‐29a through transmission electron microscopy and detection of autophagy‐associated proteins.
Results
The results showed that miR‐29a was upregulated both in rats 4 weeks after surgery and in 10−6 M angiotensin II‐stimulated cells. In contrast, inhibition of miR‐29a partially attenuated angiotensin II‐induced hypertrophy. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that PTEN was one of the target genes of miR‐29a, which was also verified by luciferase assay. The results of immunofluorescence and Western blotting indicated that overexpression of miR‐29a inhibited the expression of PTEN, activated the AKT/mTOR pathway and suppressed autophagy, which ultimately led to cardiac hypertrophy.
Conclusion
In pathological cardiac hypertrophy, miR‐29a was overexpressed and promoted cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway and suppressing autophagy.
Pollution by heavy metals limits the area of land available for cultivation of food crops. A potential solution to this problem might lie in the molecular breeding of food crops for phytoremediation ...that accumulate toxic metals in straw while producing safe and nutritious grains. Here, we identify a rice quantitative trait locus we name cadmium (Cd) accumulation in leaf 1 (CAL1), which encodes a defensin-like protein. CAL1 is expressed preferentially in root exodermis and xylem parenchyma cells. We provide evidence that CAL1 acts by chelating Cd in the cytosol and facilitating Cd secretion to extracellular spaces, hence lowering cytosolic Cd concentration while driving long-distance Cd transport via xylem vessels. CAL1 does not appear to affect Cd accumulation in rice grains or the accumulation of other essential metals, thus providing an efficient molecular tool to breed dual-function rice varieties that produce safe grains while remediating paddy soils.
Facebook and other social media platforms enable European museums to broaden their reach, engage visitors, promote collections and events, cooperate with industry professionals, and contribute to ...cultural heritage protection and promotion. This study analysed data from Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube and found that Facebook played a significant role in increasing visitor numbers to European museums during and after the pandemic. This research explored how Facebook has positively impacted European museums by enhancing their visibility, accessibility, and engagement. During the pandemic period, museums utilized Facebook for virtual tours, online exhibitions, and interactive content to maintain connections with audiences. This digital shift enabled museums to reach wider and more diverse audiences while fostering community involvement and cultural enrichment. Furthermore, Facebook’s targeted advertising capabilities effectively promoted museum initiatives to interested individuals. In the decades since the epidemic, Facebook has continued to be an important tool for increasing outreach. This has been accomplished through live streaming events, educational programs, and user-generated material, all of which have helped to promote meaningful relationships with the general population.
Baitouweng (BTW) decoction, a Chinese traditional medicine prescription, has been used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) over hundreds of years. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory ...effects of BTW and intestinal flora of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice, and we investigated the mechanism of BTW in the preliminary treatment of UC.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of BTW in treating UC through molecular biology and high-throughput sequencing.
DSS-induced UC mice were established and randomly divided into the following four groups: control group, DSS group, BTW group and sulfasalazine (SASP) group. Except for the control group, 3% DSS drinking water was given to each group for 7 days, and the other two groups were intragastrically administered with BTW and SASP. Mice were sacrificed after gavage for 10 days. Body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colon histopathology and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were measured. Intestinal content samples were collected, and intestinal flora differences were analyzed by 16 S rDNA sequencing.
BTW effectively reduced the symptoms and histopathological score of UC mice, and it reduced the production of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Activation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway was also suppressed by BTW treatment. Moreover, 16 S rDNA sequencing showed that the intestinal flora of mice in the DSS group was disordered compared to the control group. After treatment with BTW, the diversity of intestinal flora was significantly improved. At the phylum level, the proportion of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was decreased, and the ratio of Proteobacteria was decreased. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was decreased, but that of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia were increased.
BTW significantly improved the inflammatory symptoms of mice with acute colitis, and the latent mechanism of BTW may be related to various signaling pathways, including the modulation of intestinal microflora and inflammatory signaling pathways, such as IL-6/STAT3.
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Recent evidences showed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are frequently dysregulated and play important roles in various cancers. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the leading cause ...of cancer-related death, largely due to the metastasis of ccRCC. However, the clinical significances and roles of lncRNAs in metastatic ccRCC are still unknown.
lncRNA expression microarray analysis was performed to search the dysregulated lncRNA in metastatic ccRCC. quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of lncRNAs in human ccRCC samples. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the biological roles of lncRNAs on ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and in vivo metastasis. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and western blot were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of lncRNAs.
The microarray analysis identified a novel lncRNA termed metastatic renal cell carcinoma-associated transcript 1 (MRCCAT1), which is highly expressed in metastatic ccRCC tissues and associated with the metastatic properties of ccRCC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that MRCCAT1 is an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients. Overexpression of MRCCAT1 promotes ccRCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. Depletion of MRCCAT1 inhibites ccRCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and ccRCC metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, MRCCAT1 represses NPR3 transcription by recruiting PRC2 to NPR3 promoter, and subsequently activates p38-MAPK signaling pathway.
MRCCAT1 is a critical lncRNA that promotes ccRCC metastasis via inhibiting NPR3 and activating p38-MAPK signaling. Our results imply that MRCCAT1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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