It is generally assumed that Oxisols have a low level of soil organic matter (SOM) and a high rate of SOM turnover due to the high temperatures in the tropics. This work was carried out to test this ...assumption by analyzing the kinetics and the temperature–moisture response of N mineralization and nitrification in a neutral (pH 6.2, organic N 1.5 g kg−1, bare for 10 yr) and an acid (pH 4.7, organic N 2.3 g kg−1, bare for 1 yr) Oxisol. Samples of these soils were incubated using a factorial design of temperature (20, 30, 40, and 50°C) by soil water (30, 200, and 1500 kPa). The mineralization pattern was related to measurements of microbial biomass, SOM light‐fraction, and the number of nitrifiers. Mineralization increased continuously with the increase of temperature and water content. No nitrification was observed at 50°C and at 1500 kPa. Although mineralization was well described by the double exponential model, nitrification showed a linear pattern with time. The size of the mineralizable N pool and N mineralization were different between the two soils, but microbial activity and microbial biomass were almost identical in both soils. Mineralization was very slow at 20 to 30°C (constant rate ≈ 10−4–10−5 d−1) and was limited by a relatively small (light‐fraction C = 8–10% of organic C) and low active mineralizable fraction. At >40°C, the constant rate of mineralization (≈10−3 d−1) was equivalent to those found in temperate soils at 25 to 35°C. Our findings do not support the assumption of a fast SOM turnover at high temperatures. Nitrifiers constitute a small population (≈20 cells g−1) well adapted to changes in moisture and substrate availability. However, NH+4 was always present in soils, which was associated with the low number of nitrifiers. Microbial biomass decreased sharply with an increase in temperature and was not related to N mineralization. Thermal denaturation or changes in microbial population could cause this decrease.
Abstract 4703
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a common late complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Corticosteroids are the standard initial treatment for ...cGVHD. A second-line treatment is not well defined. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of low doses of alemtuzumab and low doses of rituximab as treatment steroid-refractory cGVHD.
Ten men and 5 women with cGVHD refractory to steroids and CSA were included. All patients received subcutaneous Alemtuzumab 10 mg/day/3 days and intravenous Rituximab 100 mg on days +1, +7, +14 and +21.
The median age was 41 years. The main organ involved were oral mucosa (86.7%), eyes (66.7%), liver (60%), skin (53%), lungs (13.3%) and intestinal tract (6.7%). The overall response was 100% at 30-day evaluation; 10 patients (67%) had partial remission (PR), and 5 patients (33%) had complete remission (CR). At 90-day evaluation, 7 (50%) patients had PR, 4 (28%) had CR; three (21%) relapsed and 1 patient not reached evaluation. Currently, 5 patients have reached the 365-day follow-up evaluation, 2 (40%) had PR, 2 had CR and 1 showed progression. The adverse effects were mainly infectious and one patient died from pneumonia.
This combination therapy appears to be an efficacious and safe as treatment for steroid-refractory cGVHD.
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Introduction: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), resulting from the balanced reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;ql 1). This ...marker chromosome is found less frequently in patients suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Objective: To determine the frequency of BCR-ABL gene fusions encoding the p210.sup.BCR-ABL y p190.sup.BCR-ABL transcripts in Colombian patients diagnosed with CML in different stages of the disease and/or its treatment. Materials and methods: Cross sectional, descriptive study of thirty one CML patients (aged 15-78). Analysis was carried out through qualitative nested PCR for the isoforms P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) and Pi90 BCR-ABL (eia2). and based on peripheral blood samples. Results: In 29 of the 31 patients (93.6%) transcript p21 oBCR'ABL was detected: b2a2 and b3a2 gene fusions and the coexpression b3a2 y b2a2 were identified in 55.2% (16/29), 34.5% (10/29) and 10.3% (3/29) of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: b2a2 gene fusion was the most frequent in this CML population. KEYWORDS Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic; Nested PCR: Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl Introduccion: la leucemia mieloide cronica (LMC) se caracteriza por la presencia del cromosoma Filadelfia (Ph) que resulta de la translocacion reciproca balanceada t(9;22)(q34;ql 1); este marcador cromosomico se encuentra con menor frecuencia en pacientes con leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA). Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de las fusiones genicas BCR-ABL, que codifican para los transcriptos p210.sup.BCR-ABL y p190.sup.BCR-ABL en pacientes colombianos con diagnostico de LMC. en diferentes fases de la enfermedad o de su tratamiento. Materiales y metodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de 31 pacientes con LMC (15-78 anos). El analisis se hizo a partir de muestras de sangre periferica con la tecnica PCR anidada cualitativa para las isoformas P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) y P190 BCR-ABL (e 1 a2). Resultados: se detecto el transcripto p210.sup.BCR-ABL en 29 de los 31 casos (93.6%). En ellos se identificaron las fusiones genicas b2a2 (16/29; 55,2%), b3a2 (10/29; 34,5%) y la coexpresion b3a2 y b2a2 (3/29; 10,3%). Conclusion: la fusion genica b2a2 fue la mas frecuente en esta poblacion con LMC. PALABRAS CLAVE Leucemia Mieloide Cronica; PCR Anidada; Proteinas de Fusion bcr-abl Introducao: a leucemia mieloide cronica (LMC) caracteriza-se pela presenca do cromossomo Filadelfia (Ph) que resulta da translocacao reciproca balanceada t(9;22)(q34;ql l); este marcador cromossomico se encontra com menor frequencia em pacientes com leucemia Iinfoide aguda (LLA). Objetivo: determinar a frequencia das fusoes geneticas BCR-ABL, que codificam para os transcritos p210BCR-ABL e p190 BCR-ABL em pacientes colombianos com diagnostico de LMC, em diferentes fases da doenca ou de seu tratamento. Materiais e metodos: estudo descritivo de corte transversal de 31 pacientes com LMC (15-78 anos). A analise se fez a partir de mostras de sangue periferico com a tecnica PCR aninhada qualitativa para as isotermas P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) e P190 BCR-ABL (eia2). Resultados: detectou-se o transcrito p210BCR-ABL em 29 dos 31 casos (93,6%). Neles se identificaram as fusoes geneticas b2a2 (16/29; 55,2%), b3a2 (10/29; 34,5%) e a co-expressao b3a2 e b2a2 (3/29; 10,3%). Conclusao: a fusao genetica b2a2 foi a mais frequente nesta populacao com LMC. PALAVRAS IMPORTANTES Leucemia Mieloide Cronica; PCR Aninhada: Proteinas de Fusao bcr-abl
Introduction: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), resulting from the balanced reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;ql 1). This ...marker chromosome is found less frequently in patients suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Objective: To determine the frequency of BCR-ABL gene fusions encoding the p210.sup.BCR-ABL y p190.sup.BCR-ABL transcripts in Colombian patients diagnosed with CML in different stages of the disease and/or its treatment. Materials and methods: Cross sectional, descriptive study of thirty one CML patients (aged 15-78). Analysis was carried out through qualitative nested PCR for the isoforms P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) and Pi90 BCR-ABL (eia2). and based on peripheral blood samples. Results: In 29 of the 31 patients (93.6%) transcript p21 oBCR'ABL was detected: b2a2 and b3a2 gene fusions and the coexpression b3a2 y b2a2 were identified in 55.2% (16/29), 34.5% (10/29) and 10.3% (3/29) of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: b2a2 gene fusion was the most frequent in this CML population. KEYWORDS Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic; Nested PCR: Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl Introduccion: la leucemia mieloide cronica (LMC) se caracteriza por la presencia del cromosoma Filadelfia (Ph) que resulta de la translocacion reciproca balanceada t(9;22)(q34;ql 1); este marcador cromosomico se encuentra con menor frecuencia en pacientes con leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA). Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de las fusiones genicas BCR-ABL, que codifican para los transcriptos p210.sup.BCR-ABL y p190.sup.BCR-ABL en pacientes colombianos con diagnostico de LMC. en diferentes fases de la enfermedad o de su tratamiento. Materiales y metodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de 31 pacientes con LMC (15-78 anos). El analisis se hizo a partir de muestras de sangre periferica con la tecnica PCR anidada cualitativa para las isoformas P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) y P190 BCR-ABL (e 1 a2). Resultados: se detecto el transcripto p210.sup.BCR-ABL en 29 de los 31 casos (93.6%). En ellos se identificaron las fusiones genicas b2a2 (16/29; 55,2%), b3a2 (10/29; 34,5%) y la coexpresion b3a2 y b2a2 (3/29; 10,3%). Conclusion: la fusion genica b2a2 fue la mas frecuente en esta poblacion con LMC. PALABRAS CLAVE Leucemia Mieloide Cronica; PCR Anidada; Proteinas de Fusion bcr-abl Introducao: a leucemia mieloide cronica (LMC) caracteriza-se pela presenca do cromossomo Filadelfia (Ph) que resulta da translocacao reciproca balanceada t(9;22)(q34;ql l); este marcador cromossomico se encontra com menor frequencia em pacientes com leucemia Iinfoide aguda (LLA). Objetivo: determinar a frequencia das fusoes geneticas BCR-ABL, que codificam para os transcritos p210BCR-ABL e p190 BCR-ABL em pacientes colombianos com diagnostico de LMC, em diferentes fases da doenca ou de seu tratamento. Materiais e metodos: estudo descritivo de corte transversal de 31 pacientes com LMC (15-78 anos). A analise se fez a partir de mostras de sangue periferico com a tecnica PCR aninhada qualitativa para as isotermas P210 BCR-ABL (b3a2 e b2a2) e P190 BCR-ABL (eia2). Resultados: detectou-se o transcrito p210BCR-ABL em 29 dos 31 casos (93,6%). Neles se identificaram as fusoes geneticas b2a2 (16/29; 55,2%), b3a2 (10/29; 34,5%) e a co-expressao b3a2 e b2a2 (3/29; 10,3%). Conclusao: a fusao genetica b2a2 foi a mais frequente nesta populacao com LMC. PALAVRAS IMPORTANTES Leucemia Mieloide Cronica; PCR Aninhada: Proteinas de Fusao bcr-abl
Reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens for allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) have been shown to lead to engraftment of donor stem cells without the severe ...extra‐haematological toxicities of traditional myeloablative transplants. Between December 1998 and December 2000, 76 patients underwent a RIC peripheral blood SCT in a prospective multicentre study. The median age was 53 years, and 57 patients were beyond the early phase of their disease. The conditioning regimens consisted of fludarabine (150 mg/m2) plus melphalan (140 mg/m2) or busulphan (10 mg/kg). Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin A plus short‐course methotrexate. The preparative regimens were well tolerated. All patients experienced severe pancytopenia, but haematological recovery was prompt in all but two cases (early deaths). The 100‐d probability of developing grade II–IV acute GVHD was 32% (10% grade III–IV), and the 1‐year probability of developing chronic extensive GVHD was 43%. Early complete donor chimaerism was observed in 52/68 patients, and 16 evaluable patients were in complete chimaerism 1 year post transplant. With a median follow‐up of 283 d (355 in 48 survivors), the 1‐year probability of transplant‐related mortality was 20%, and the 1‐year overall and progression‐free survivals were 60% and 55% respectively. In conclusion, RIC regimens lead to low early toxicity after allografting, with stable donor haematopoietic engraftment, with an apparent low risk of acute GVHD. Chronic GVHD, however, develops in a significant proportion of patients.
Caso clínico a debate: vacaciones terapeúticas, ¿si o no? Sosa Henríquez, Manuel; Malouf Sierra, Jorge; Gómez de Tejada Romero, María Jesús
Revista de osteoporosis y metabolismo mineral,
2014, Letnik:
6, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Xenograft models of human diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are widely used to test new drugs against this neoplasia. Most of them, however, are subcutaneous xenografts that do not show a ...disseminated disease as it is found in the human neoplasia. In this paper, we aimed to develop a disseminated xenograft model of DLBCL by performing a subcutaneous passage of DLBCL cells before their intravenous injection in mice. WSU-DLCL-2 (WSU) cells were injected into both flanks of NOD/SCID mice. The subcutaneous tumours were disaggregated and a cell suspension (WSU-SC) was obtained. Two groups of 10 NOD/SCID mice were intravenously injected with WSU-SC or WSU cells. All mice injected with WSU-SC cells developed lymphoma in 32–47 days and showed lymph node and bone marrow infiltration. WSU-SC cells showed a significantly higher engraftment rate and faster dissemination than WSU cells after intravenous injection in mice. When molecularly compared, WSU-SC cells showed higher expression levels of FAK, p130Cas and phosphorylated AKT than WSU cells. The subcutaneous passage enhanced the engraftment and the metastatic capacity of WSU cells, allowing the generation of a rapid and disseminated DLBCL xenograft model. The aggressive behaviour of WSU-SC cells was associated with increased p130Cas and FAK expression and AKT activation.
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