CHEP 2019: Preface to the Proceedings Doglioni, Caterina; Jackson, Paul; Kamleh, Waseem ...
EPJ Web of Conferences,
2020, Letnik:
245
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
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The 24
th
International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP) took place at the Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia from 4–8 November 2019. 525 ...registered participants took part in the conference, where there were plenary sessions as well as a wide ranging set of ten parallel tracks across all areas of work in the field and allied sciences. The conference hosted 34 plenary presentations, 370 oral presentations in parallel sessions and 131 posters.
Performance of the silicon detectors for the CMS barrel tracker Silvestris, L.
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
06/1997, Letnik:
392, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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The Compact Muon Solenoid is a detector designed for the Large Hadron Collider. High particle rates combined with a magnetic field of 4 T make particle tracking a challenge. The baseline is to use ...silicon pixel and microstrip detectors and microstrip gas chambers. This note focuses on the barrel part of the silicon tracker. It is made of 816 modules (368 single-sided and 448 double-sided) arranged in three layers. The basic module consists of four 300 μm thick silicon microstrip detectors, glued together to obtain a total active area of 51.2 × 250 mm
2.
The choice of silicon strip detector is based primarily on three elements: AC-coupling integrated on the detector substrates; polysilicon resistors used as bias elements; p-stop isolation to control the interstrip resistance of the ohmic side in double-sided detectors.
A review of beam test results is described for different parts of the CMS barrel tracker.
This work presents the ASIMOV Prize for scientific publishing, which was launched in Italy in 2016. The prize aims to bring the young generations closer to scientific culture, through the critical ...reading of popular science books. The books are selected by a committee that includes scientists, professors, Ph.D. and Ph.D. students, writers, journalists and friends of culture, and most importantly, over 800 school teachers. Students are actively involved in the prize, according to the best practices of public engagement: they read, review the books and vote for them, choosing the winner. The experience is quite successful: 12,000 students from 270 schools all over Italy participated in the last edition. The possibility of replicating this experience in other countries is indicated, as was done in Brazil in 2020 with more than encouraging results.
An overview of the tracking detectors of the CMS experiments at the LHC is presented. The CMS Tracking system features an all-silicon layout consisting of a pixel and a silicon micro-strip detector. ...These detectors are designed to operate with 40 MHz bunch crossing frequency in a high particle flux density and extreme radiation environment.
As well as satisfying the requirements for off-line data analysis, the CMS Tracking provides a robust partial reconstruction using the absolute minimum number of reconstruction steps inside a region of interest, tuned according to the specific benchmark channel. Recent results have shown that the performances of the partial reconstruction in terms of resolution and CPU time allows the use of the Tracker at the first stage of the High Level Trigger (HLT) on all physics event streams.
We present the beam test results of single-sided silicon microstrip detectors, with different substrate resistivities. The effects of radiation damage are studied for a detector irradiated to a ...fluence of
2.4×10
14
n/
cm
2
. The detectors are read out with the APV6 chip, which is compatible with the
40
MHz
LHC clock. The performance of different detectors and readout modes are studied in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and efficiency.
N
-methyladenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing are two of the most abundant RNA modification events affecting adenosines in mammals. Both these RNA modifications determine ...mRNA fate and play a pivotal role in tumor development and progression.
Here, we show that METTL3, upregulated in glioblastoma, methylates ADAR1 mRNA and increases its protein level leading to a pro-tumorigenic mechanism connecting METTL3, YTHDF1, and ADAR1. We show that ADAR1 plays a cancer-promoting role independently of its deaminase activity by binding CDK2 mRNA, underlining the importance of ADARs as essential RNA-binding proteins for cell homeostasis as well as cancer progression. Additionally, we show that ADAR1 knockdown is sufficient to strongly inhibit glioblastoma growth in vivo.
Hence, our findings underscore METTL3/ADAR1 axis as a novel crucial pathway in cancer progression that connects m6A and A-to-I editing post-transcriptional events.
Purpose
Patient-derived cancer cell lines can be very useful to investigate genetic as well as epigenetic mechanisms of transformation and to test new drugs. In this multi-centric study, we performed ...genomic and transcriptomic characterization of a large set of patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) stem-like cells (GSCs).
Methods
94 (80 I surgery/14 II surgery) and 53 (42 I surgery/11 II surgery) GSCs lines underwent whole exome and trascriptome analysis, respectively.
Results
Exome sequencing revealed
TP53
as the main mutated gene (41/94 samples, 44%), followed by
PTEN
(33/94, 35%),
RB1
(16/94, 17%) and
NF1
(15/94, 16%), among other genes associated to brain tumors. One GSC sample bearing a
BRAF
p.V600E mutation showed sensitivity in vitro to a BRAF inhibitor. Gene Ontology and Reactome analysis uncovered several biological processes mostly associated to gliogenesis and glial cell differentiation, S − adenosylmethionine metabolic process, mismatch repair and methylation. Comparison of I and II surgery samples disclosed a similar distribution of mutated genes, with an overrepresentation of mutations in mismatch repair, cell cycle, p53 and methylation pathways in I surgery samples, and of mutations in receptor tyrosine kinase and MAPK signaling pathways in II surgery samples. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of RNA-seq data produced 3 clusters characterized by distinctive sets of up-regulated genes and signaling pathways.
Conclusion
The availability of a large set of fully molecularly characterized GCSs represents a valuable public resource to support the advancement of precision oncology for the treatment of GBM.
Constitutional BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (PVs) are associated with an increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancers. Current evidence indicates that BRCA1/2 PVs ...are also associated with pancreatic cancer, and that BRCA2 PVs are associated with prostate cancer risk. The identification of carriers of constitutional PVs in the BRCA1/2 genes allows the implementation of individual and family prevention pathways, through validated screening programs and risk-reducing strategies. According to the relevant and increasing therapeutic predictive implications, the inclusion of BRCA testing in the routine management of patients with breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancers represent a key requirement to optimize medical or surgical therapeutic and prevention decision-making, and access to specific anticancer therapies. Therefore, accurate patient selection, the use of standardized and harmonized procedures, and adherence to homogeneous testing criteria, are essential elements to implement BRCA testing in clinical practice.
This consensus position paper has been developed and approved by a multidisciplinary Expert Panel of 64 professionals on behalf of the AIOM–AIRO–AISP–ANISC–AURO–Fondazione AIOM–SIAPEC/IAP–SIBioC–SICO–SIF–SIGE–SIGU–SIU–SIURO–UROP Italian Scientific Societies, and a patient association (aBRCAdaBRA Onlus). The working group included medical, surgical and radiation oncologists, medical and molecular geneticists, clinical molecular biologists, surgical and molecular pathologists, organ specialists such as gynecologists, gastroenterologists and urologists, and pharmacologists. The manuscript is based on the expert consensus and reports the best available evidence, according to the current eligibility criteria for BRCA testing and counseling, it also harmonizes with current Italian National Guidelines and Clinical Recommendations.
•The rapid technologic and medical progress on BRCA-related cancers produced a clinical need for BRCA testing optimization.•To incorporate BRCA testing in the routine management is a key requirement to help medical or surgical decision-making•Standardized procedures and harmonized testing criteria are needed to implement BRCA testing in clinical practice.•Adequate training and qualification for multidisciplinary team members are crucial for the success of the patient care path.
alpha(v)beta(3) integrin was investigated in multiple myeloma in relation to the in vitro osteoclast-like activity of malignant plasma cells. Myeloma cells from patients with skeleton involvement ...overexpressed alpha(v)beta(3) and produced erosion pits on bone substrates, whereas this effect was not observed by cells from patients with no evidence of bone disease. We therefore explored the alpha(v)beta(3) transcriptional pathway in the bone-resorbing cells. Silencing of beta(3) chain abrogated the ability to produce erosion pits and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation resulting in the defective function of cFos and nuclear factor activator T cell 1, the terminal effectors of osteoclast activation. A similar defect occurred in constitutively beta(3)-deficient cells from patients with no skeleton disease. Microarray gene analysis of beta(3)(+) myeloma cells showed that several osteoclast-related genes were up-regulated. Their functions include the activation of receptor pathways beta(3) and c-fms that regulate several osteoclast functions. These data emphasize the postulated role of myeloma cells in multiple myeloma bone disease and suggest that their osteoclast-like activity is regulated, at least in vitro, by the beta(3) subunit of the integrin.
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