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•Synthesis and characterization of 20 isoxazolyl-sulfonamides are reported.•The compounds were active against T. cruzi, L. amazonensis, and HSV-1.•Druglikeness evaluation showed ...potential for further pre-clinical development.
In this study we report the synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and druglikeness assessment of a series of 20 novel isoxazolyl-sulfonamides, obtained by a four-step synthetic route. The compounds had their activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis, Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 and cytotoxicity evaluated in phenotypic assays. All compounds have drug-like properties, showed low cytotoxicity and were promising regarding all other biological activities reported herein, especially the inhibitory activity against T. cruzi. The compounds 8 and 16 showed significant potency and selectivity against T. cruzi (GI50 = 14.3 µM, SI > 34.8 and GI50 = 11.6 µM, SI = 29.1, respectively). These values, close to the values of the reference drug benznidazole (GI50 = 10.2 µM), suggest that compounds 8 and 16 represent promising candidates for further pre-clinical development targeting Chagas disease.
Resumo Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar as atitudes de adultos brasileiros acerca do retrato de estereótipos femininos na propaganda e seus efeitos na imagem dos anunciantes e na intenção de compra. ...Para isso, foi aplicado um survey entre novembro e dezembro de 2017, em uma amostra de 519 respondentes. Os dados coletados foram analisados por modelagem de equações estruturais. Concluiu-se que a ofensividade causada por papéis femininos estereotipados na propaganda influenciou a intenção de boicotar os produtos. Confirmou-se que as mulheres apresentam atitudes mais negativas do que os homens quanto aos estereótipos retratados, em termos de ofensividade. Contudo, não houve diferença significativa entre o gênero feminino e masculino quanto ao impacto da ofensividade sobre a imagem da empresa ou a intenção de boicote.
Abstract This research aimed to analyze the attitudes of Brazilian adults about the portrayal of female stereotypes in advertising and their effects on advertisers’ image and intent to buy. A survey was applied between November and December of 2017 in a sample of 519 respondents. The collected data were analyzed by structural equations modeling. It was concluded that the offensiveness caused by stereotyped female roles in advertising influenced the intention to boycott the products. It was confirmed that women present more negative attitudes than men about the stereotypes portrayed, in terms of offensiveness. However, there was no significant difference between male and female regarding the impact of offensiveness on the company image or the intention to boycott.
Resumen Esta investigación objetivó analizar las actitudes de adultos brasileños acerca del retrato de estereotipos femeninos en la propaganda y sus efectos en la imagen de los anunciantes y en la intención de compra. Para esto, se aplicó una survey entre noviembre y diciembre de 2017 en una muestra de 519 personas. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados por un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Se concluyó que la ofensividad causada por papeles femeninos estereotipados en la propaganda influenció la intención de boicotear los productos. Se confirmó que las mujeres presentan actitudes más negativas que los hombres en cuanto a los estereotipos retratados, en términos de ofensividad. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencia significativa entre el género femenino y masculino en lo que se refiere al impacto de la ofensividad sobre la imagen de la empresa o la intención de boicot.
Resumo Objetivo Analisar a relação entre fadiga, qualidade do sono, variáveis de saúde e laborais em trabalhadores de enfermagem de terapias intensivas, na pandemia COVID-19. Métodos Estudo ...transversal, correlacional, realizado de julho de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021, com amostra aleatória e probabilística de enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem de hospitais universitários do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado questionário sociodemográfico/ocupacional, Escala de Avaliação da Fadiga e Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh. Nas análises utilizaram-se teste Qui-Quadrado, teste U Mann-Whitney e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, com nível de significância de 5%. Foi realizada análise de regressão binária logística. Resultados Participaram 114 trabalhadores, com prevalência de fadiga baixa e qualidade do sono ruim. A fadiga alta associou-se às variáveis ir trabalhar doente e perceber ruídos/vibrações como causa de desconforto. Técnicos de enfermagem associaram-se a qualidade do sono ruim e preocupação com a exposição a substâncias químicas. Fadiga e Qualidade do sono correlacionaram-se de forma moderada e direta. As análises ajustadas evidenciaram que enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem com fadiga alta apresentaram quatro vezes mais chances de terem qualidade do sono ruim (OR = 4,86; IC = 1,50-15,75). Conclusão A fadiga e qualidade do sono se correlacionaram de forma direta, e estão associados a fatores individuais e do trabalho. A fadiga alta aumentou as chances de ter pior avaliação da qualidade do sono. Estratégias institucionais e organizacionais devem ser revistas a fim de priorizar a proteção da saúde destes trabalhadores de enfermagem.
Atualmente, o Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais demanda um novo modelo de helicóptero que apoie as Operações Anfíbias. Porém, diante das diversas opções existentes no mercado, e com muitos critérios ...envolvidos, não é uma tarefa simples selecionar o modelo que melhor atenda às necessidades da organização. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe a utilização do Método Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão THOR 2 para a seleção de um helicóptero de ataque para o Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais, em conformidade com os valores expostos por especialistas da Marinha do Brasil. Com a consulta aos especialistas, foi possível coletar informações e dados importantes para a seleção do helicóptero buscado. Nove critérios foram utilizados, sendo eles: armamentos, confiabilidade, sensores, carga máxima, autonomia, manobrabilidade, velocidade máxima, manutenibilidade e custo de aquisição. Em paralelo, nove alternativas de helicópteros foram elencadas: AH-64E Apache, KA-52 Alligator, MI-28N Havoc, AH-1Z Viper, Eurocopter Tiger HAD, T129 Atak, A129 Mangusta, MI-24 VM e Z-10. O método THOR 2, por meio do Sistema de Apoio à Decisão THOR Web, apontou o helicóptero de ataque AH-64E Apache como a alternativa que melhor se adequa às características da Marinha do Brasil.
Cervical cancer is a public health issue with high disease burden and mortality in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on cervical ...cancer mortality in women 20 years old or older from 1980 to 2019 in the North, South, and Southeast Regions of Brazil; and secondly, to evaluate whether the implementation of a national screening program and the expansion of access to public health services impacted the examined period and reduced the risk of death compared with previous years and among younger cohorts. The effects were estimated by applying Poisson regression models with estimable functions. The highest mortality rate per 100,000 women was found in Amazonas (24.13), and the lowest in São Paulo (10.56). A positive gradient was obtained for death rates as women's age increased. The states in the most developed regions (South and Southeast) showed a reduction in the risk of death in the period that followed the implementation of the screening program and in the cohort from the 1960s onwards. The North Region showed a decreased risk of death only in Amapá (2000-2004) and Tocantins (1995-2004; 2010-2019). The findings indicate that health inequities remain in Brazil and suggest that the health system has limitations in terms of decreasing mortality associated with this type of cancer in regions of lower socioeconomic development.
The validity of self-reported quality-of-life (QoL) assessments of people with dementia (PWD) is a critical issue. We designed this study to determine the non-cognitive factors that are associated ...with self-reported QoL and PWD QoL as rated by family caregivers.
Using a cross-sectional study, we assessed QoL of 41 people with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). The individuals with AD and their family caregivers completed the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QoL-AD), the Assessment Scale of Psychosocial Impact of the Diagnosis of Dementia (ASPIDD), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale, the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD), the Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), and the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine the contribution of the various cofactors.
We observed a significant difference (t = 3.292, p < 0.01, d = 0.727) in the QoL measures of PWD after comparing self-reported assessments with the assessments of family caregivers. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that awareness of disease was related to PWD QoL-AD scores. Both the education levels of family caregivers and the depressive symptoms in PWD were related to the family caregivers' ratings of PWD QoL.
The difference between self-reported QoL and family caregivers' ratings of QoL in people with mild dementia indicated that cognitive impairment was not the primary factor that accounted for the differences in the QoL assessments. Our findings suggested that non-cognitive factors, such as awareness of disease and depressive symptoms, played an important role in the differences between the self-reported AD QoL ratings and the caregivers' AD QoL ratings. A major implication is that discrete measures such as cognition or level of function are likely to miss important factors that influence QoL.
Inherited genetic defects in immune system-related genes can result in Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI), also known as Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID). Diagnosis of IEI disorders is challenging due ...to overlapping clinical manifestations. Accurate identification of disease-causing germline variants is crucial for appropriate treatment, prognosis, and genetic counseling. However, genetic sequencing is challenging in low-income countries like Brazil. This study aimed to perform genetic screening on patients treated within Brazil's public Unified Health System to identify candidate genetic variants associated with the patient's phenotype. Thirteen singleton unrelated patients from three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro were enrolled in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of each patient, and whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses were conducted using Illumina NextSeq. Germline genetic variants in IEI-related genes were prioritized using a computational framework considering their molecular consequence in coding regions; minor allele frequency less than or equal to 0.01; pathogenicity classification based on American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines gathered from the VarSome clinical database; and IEI-related phenotype using the Franklin tool. The genes classification into IEI categories follows internationally recognized guidelines informed by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. Additional methods for confirmation of the variant included Sanger sequencing, phasing analysis, and splice site prediction. A total of 16 disease-causing variants in nine genes, encompassing six different IEI categories, were identified. X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia, caused by BTK variations, emerged as the most prevalent IEI disorder in the cohort. However, pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were also reported in other known IEI-related genes, namely CD40LG, CARD11, WAS, CYBB, C6, and LRBA. Interestingly, two patients with suspected IEI exhibited pathogenic variants in non-IEI-related genes, ABCA12 and SLC25A13, potentially explaining their phenotypes. Genetic screening through WES enabled the detection of potentially harmful variants associated with IEI disorders. These findings contribute to a better understanding of patients' clinical manifestations by elucidating the genetic basis underlying their phenotypes.
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