A good material for CO2 capture should possess some specific properties: (i) a large effective surface area with good adsorption capacity, (ii) selectivity for CO2, (iii) regeneration capacity with ...minimum energy input, allowing reutilization of the material for CO2 adsorption, and (iv) low cost and high environmental friendliness. Smectite clays are layered nanoporous materials that may be good candidates in this context. Here we report experiments which show that gaseous CO2 intercalates into the interlayer nano-space of smectite clay (synthetic fluorohectorite) at conditions close to ambient. The rate of intercalation, as well as the retention ability of CO2 was found to be strongly dependent on the type of the interlayer cation, which in the present case is Li(+), Na(+) or Ni(2+). Interestingly, we observe that the smectite Li-fluorohectorite is able to retain CO2 up to a temperature of 35°C at ambient pressure, and that the captured CO2 can be released by heating above this temperature. Our estimates indicate that smectite clays, even with the standard cations analyzed here, can capture an amount of CO2 comparable to other materials studied in this context.
The Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory Görgen, A.; Guttormsen, M.; Larsen, A. C. ...
European physical journal plus,
02/2021, Letnik:
136, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Research at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory at the University of Oslo is focused on spectroscopy experiments for nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics using the Oslo Scintillator Array OSCAR. ...Light-ion beams from the
K
=
35
cyclotron are furthermore used for studies in radiation biology and medical physics, for research and development related to medical isotope production, and for irradiation of materials and electronics components. Here we present an overview of the laboratory and its research infrastructure, give a brief discussion of the respective research programs and methods, and present recent highlights.
Nocardiosis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Herein, we present successful adjunctive use of liposomal nebulized amikacin and tedizolid in a recipient of ...allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation infected with
Nocardia nova
complex who presented multiple complications to conventional therapeutic options.
Abstract
Objectives
To assess population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of both piperacillin and tazobactam in neutropenia patients and examine dosage requirements related to the MIC ...distribution for Gram-negative bacteria involved in bloodstream infections (BSIs).
Methods
We conducted a prospective study including adult haematological malignancy patients with febrile neutropenia receiving piperacillin/tazobactam as short (30 min) or prolonged (4 h) intravenous infusions. Concentration data were analysed using a population approach. Dosing simulations with the final model investigated factors influencing the PK/PD of piperacillin/tazobactam quantified by fT>MIC or PTA for piperacillin and tazobactam, respectively. In parallel, the local MIC distribution of β-lactams was documented for Gram-negative bacteria involved in BSIs.
Results
Over 10 months, 31 patients were enrolled, with 11 (35.5%) short and 20 (64.5%) prolonged infusion regimens. A one-compartment model adequately described the data for both drugs. Prolonged infusion, increased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values and renal function impairment were associated with increased piperacillin fT>MIC. For patients with normal or augmented renal CL, dosing regimens q8h or q6h with 30 min of infusion were insufficient to achieve acceptable PTA for piperacillin/tazobactam at the median MIC value of 8 mg/L. Prolonged infusion of large doses was associated with the best PTA for both piperacillin and tazobactam.
Conclusions
In a population of haematological malignancy patients with neutropenia, renal function and ALP influenced the PK of piperacillin/tazobactam. Prolonged intravenous infusion would optimize the PK of piperacillin/tazobactam, especially in the case of augmented renal CL and/or low-range bacterial susceptibility.
Undoped and Ti-doped WO3 (up to 0.65 at% Ti) polycrystalline specimens were investigated. The flat band potential was determined based on the photocurrent experiments; the effect of Ti concentration ...on solar energy conversion efficiency was discussed. It was found that incorporation of titanium ions into WO3 lattice leads to the decrease of the recombination process and shifts the flat band potential towards positive values. The incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) assumes highest values for WO3 + 0.4 at% Ti. The maximum solar energy conversion efficiency has been observed at voltage bias 0.45-0.65 V.
Torque teno virus (TTV) has been proposed as a surrogate biomarker of T-cell function in allogeneic-haematopoietic-stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Conflicting data exists regarding the value ...of TTV to assess the degree of immunosuppression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between TTV viral load and immune function. Using samples from a prospective cohort composed of healthy-volunteers (HV) and allo-HSCT recipients at 6 months post-transplantation, we assessed the correlation between TTV viraemia and immune cell counts or T-cell proliferation capacity post-phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. TTV viraemia was detected in 68% of HV (
= 80) and 100% of allo-HSCT recipients (
= 41;
< 0.001); it was significantly higher in allo-HSCT recipients (3.9 vs. 2.1 Log copies/mL,
< 0.001). There was no correlation between T-cell function and CD3
T-cell count (rho: 0.002) suggesting that T-cell count can normalise without full functional recovery. Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between TTV viraemia and absolute total/subset lymphocyte counts (rho: <0.13). The highest correlation was observed between TTV viral load and T-cell proliferation capacity (rho: -0.39). We therefore report an inverse correlation between T-cell function and TTV viraemia that is independent of T-cell count. Monitoring of TTV viraemia could be a fast suitable option to objectively assess the competence of immune function in at-risk populations.
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