The development of potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) relies on the exploration of stable layer‐structured oxide cathode materials and a comprehensive understanding of ion storage and diffusion ...behaviors. A multiphase riveting‐structured O3/P2/P3‐Na0.9Ni0.3Mn0.55Cu0.1Ti0.05O2 (Tri‐NMCT) is employed as cathode material for KIBs. It demonstrates an initial discharge specific capacity of 108 mA g−1 at current density of 15 mA g−1 in the voltage range of 1.5–4 V. Excellent cyclic stability is exhibited as well with a high 83% capacity retention after 600 cycles at a higher current density of 300 mA g−1. Based on the in‐situ XRD, it reveals that the P2 phase offers a more stable triangular prism site compared to the O3 phase. This stability inhibits the undesired phase transition from P3 to O3 during discharge, thereby ensuring the long‐term cyclic performance. Furthermore, Density of state (DOS) calculations and migration barrier analyses indicate a preferential migration of K+ ions to the P2 phase due to the lower Fermi level. This observation elucidates the structural preservation of the P3 phase during K+ embedding. Overall, this work sheds light on Tri‐NMCT as a promising cathode material for advanced KIBs.
The multiphase riveting structure can alleviate the rigid failure caused by phase transition. Meanwhile, the O3 phase and P3 phase provide the main storage sites for K+ as skeletons. The existence of the P2 phase provides a better diffusion pathway for ion transport in the matrix.
Ethylene regulates climacteric fruit ripening, and EIN3-LIKE1 (EIL1) plays an important role in this process. In apple (
), fruit coloration is accompanied by ethylene release during fruit ripening, ...but the molecular mechanism that underlies these two physiological processes is unknown. In this study, we found that ethylene treatment markedly induced fruit coloration as well as the expression of
, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloration. In addition, we found that MdEIL1 directly bound to the promoter of
and transcriptionally activated its expression, which resulted in anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloration. Furthermore, MdMYB1 interacted with the promoter of
, a key regulator of ethylene biosynthesis, thereby providing a positive feedback for ethylene biosynthesis regulation. Overall, our findings provide insight into a mechanism involving the synergistic interaction of the ethylene signal with the MdMYB1 transcription factor to regulate ethylene biosynthesis and fruit coloration in apple.
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) Leu zipper transcription factor MYC2 is an important regulator in the Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. In this study, the apple MdMYC2 gene was isolated and ...cloned on the basis of its homology with Arabidopsis thaliana MYC2. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that MdMYC2 transcripts were induced by Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) treatment and wounding. The MdMYC2 protein interacted with itself and bound the G-Box motif of the AtJAZ3 gene. MdMYC2 interacted with the MdJAZ2 protein, which is a repressor protein in the JA signaling pathway. Furthermore, we obtained transgenic apple calli that either overexpressed or suppressed the MdMYC2 gene. Expression analysis with qRT-PCR demonstrated that the transcript levels of JA-regulated anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, such as MdDFR, MdUF3GT, MdF3H and MdCHS, were markedly up-regulated in the MdMYC2 overexpressing calli and down-regulated in the suppressing calli compared with the WT control. As a result, the overexpressing calli produced more anthocyanin, and the suppressing calli produced less. Finally, the MdMYC2 gene was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis. Both phenotypic investigation and expression analysis demonstrated that the MdMYC2 transgenic Arabidopsis lines were more sensitive to MeJA than the WT control. Together, these results indicate that the apple MdMYC2 gene plays a vital role in the JA response.
•MdMYC2 is a homology of Arabidopsis MYC2 in apple, it has highly similarity in structure and function to the Arabidopsis MYC2.•MdMYC2 protein is unstable and is rapidly degraded by the 26S-proteasomes pathway.•MdMYC2 is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and in a hypersensitization response to MeJA.
A syndrome (Zheng in Chinese) plays a critical role in disease identification, diagnosis, and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Clinically, the liver Qi stagnation and spleen ...deficiency syndrome (LQSSDS) is one of the most common syndrome patterns. Over the past few decades, several animal models have been developed to understand the potential mechanisms of LQSSDS, but until now, simulation of the syndrome is still unclear. Recently, several studies have confirmed that an animal model combining a disease and a syndrome is appropriate for simulating TCM syndromes. Overlapping previous studies have reported that depression is highly associated with LQSSDS; hence, we attempted to develop a rat model combining depression and LQSSDS. We exposed the rats to different durations of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Subsequently, the evaluation indicators at macrolevel consisted of behavioral tests including open field test, sucrose preference test, and forced swim test, food intake, body weight, white adipose tissue, fecal water content, visceral hypersensitivity, and small bowel transit, and the evaluation indicators at microlevel included changes of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Serum D‐xylose absorption was used to comprehensively confirm and assess whether the model was successful during the CUMS‐induced process. The results showed that rats exposed to 6‐week CUMS procedure exhibited significantly similar traits to the phenotypes of LQSSDS and depression. This study provided a new rat model for the LQSSDS and could potentially lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of LQSSDS and the development of new drugs for this syndrome.
By virtue of its magnetic moment and variable valencies, the D 4h paddlewheel ruthenium dimer is a desirable molecular building block for the construction of functional networks. If in addition to ...the Ru open axial site the organic ligand is designed to allow transversal connections, a wider range of structural possibilities is expected. The organic ligand can also be modified to introduce other functionalities. In the present study we employed a diphosphonate containing a protonated amine, 1-ammoniummethylenediphosphonate NH 3 CH(PO3)2 3–; (Hamdp), as the ligand to construct paddlewheel Ru2(Hamdp)2 building block. Three networks of different structural dimensionalities were obtained. (H3O)2RuII 2(Hamdp)2 (1) forms one-dimensional chain of S = 1 RuII 2 bridged at axial positions through Ru–O bonds. From 1 as a starting material, its reaction with lanthanide ions results in the bimetallic Dy(H2O)3Ru2(Hamdp)2Ru2(Hamdp)2(H2O)2Ru2(Hamdp)(amdp)0.5·12H2O (2), which has a pillared-bilayer structure and YbRu2(Hamdp)22Ru2(Hamdp)2(H2O)2·15H2O (3), which is a three-dimensional open framework, both contain mixed-valent RuII/III 2 units and show new connection topologies of the Ru2 dimers. After activation 2 does not adsorb N2 and CO2 but takes up 12 H2O. In contrast, 3 take up all three gases. The optimum proton conductivities were moderate reaching 1.44 × 10–6 for 2 and 0.93 × 10–5 S cm–1 for 3 at 95% relative humidity and 55 °C.
Accumulating evidence shows that the abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can significantly affect the long‐term prognosis of coronary artery bypass grafting. ...This study aimed to explore the factors affecting the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. First, we stimulated VSMCs with different platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) concentrations, analyzed the expression of phenotype‐associated proteins by Western blotting, and examined cell proliferation by scratch wound healing and the 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. VSMC proliferation was induced most by PDGF‐BB treatment at 20 ng/mL. miR‐200a‐3p decreased significantly in A7r5 cells stimulated with PDGF‐BB. The overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p reversed the downregulation of α‐SMA (p < 0.001) and the upregulation of vimentin (p < 0.001) caused by PDGF‐BB. CCK8 and EdU analyses showed that miR‐200a‐3p overexpression could inhibit PDGF‐BB‐induced cell proliferation (p < 0.001). However, flow cytometric analysis showed that it did not significantly increase cell apoptosis. Collectively, the overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by PDGF‐BB, partly by affecting phenotypic transformation‐related proteins, providing a new strategy for relieving the restenosis of vein grafts.
Selective dorsal neurotomy (SDN) is a surgical treatment for primary premature ejaculation (PE), but there is still no standard surgical procedure for selecting the branches of the dorsal penile ...nerves to be removed. We performed this study to explore the value of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) of the penile sensory-evoked potential (PSEP) for standard surgical procedures in SDN. One hundred and twenty primary PE patients undergoing SDN were selected as the PE group and 120 non-PE patients were selected as the normal group. The PSEP was monitored and compared between the two groups under both natural and general anesthesia (GA) states. In addition, patients in the PE group were randomly divided into the IONM group and the non-IONM group. During SDN surgery, PSEP parameters of the IONM group were recorded and analyzed. The differences in PE-related outcome measurements between the perioperative period and 3 months' postoperation were compared for the PE patients, and the differences in effectiveness and complications between the IONM group and the non-IONM group were compared. The results showed that the average latency of the PSEP in the PE group was shorter than that in the normal group under both natural and GA states (P < 0.001). Three months after surgery, the significant effective rates in the IONM and non-IONM groups were 63.6% and 34.0%, respectively (P < 0.01), and the difference in complications between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). IONM might be useful in improving the short-term therapeutic effectiveness and reducing the complications of SDN.
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal malignant tumors that endangers human health. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has increased dramatically in recent decades, accounting for nearly 40% of all lung ...cancer cases. Increasing evidence points to the importance of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) intrinsic mechanism in various human cancers. However, behavioral characteristics of the ceRNA network in lung adenocarcinoma need further study.
Groups based on SLC2A1 expression were used in this study to identify associated ceRNA networks and potential prognostic markers in lung adenocarcinoma. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to obtain the patients' lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles, as well as clinical data. Informatics techniques were used to investigate the effect of hub genes on prognosis. The Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic effect of hub genes. The methylation, GSEA, and immune infiltration analyses were utilized to explore the potential mechanisms of the hub gene. The CCK-8, transwell, and colony formation assays were performed to detect the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells.
We eventually identified the ITGB1-DT/ARNTL2 axis as an independent fact may promote lung adenocarcinoma progression. Furthermore, methylation analysis revealed that hypo-methylation may cause the dysregulated ITGB1-DT/ARNTL2 axis, and immune infiltration analysis revealed that the ITGB1-DT/ARNTL2 axis may affect the immune microenvironment and the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. The CCK-8, transwell, and colonu formation assays suggested that ITGB1-DT/ARNTL2 promotes the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. And hsa-miR-30b-3p reversed the ITGB1/ARNTL2-mediated oncogenic processes.
Our study identified the ITGB1-DT/ARNTL2 axis as a novel prognostic biomarker affects the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
The potassium dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have been attracting a great attention in recent years due to their promising environmental benignancy, high energy density, and long lifespan. The active ...materials based on conversion reaction mechanism are favorable and widely expected to alleviate the dendrite formation, red phosphorous was thus employed and fabricated into a three-dimensional porous carbon matrix anchored by P–O–C chemical bonding using vaporization–condensation–conversion process. Meanwhile, the elements modified carbon can not only guarantee the electronic conductivity and ions diffusion, but also alleviate the red phosphorous volumetric expansion and detachment. When coupled with graphite, the K-DIBs demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance with a high 213 Wh kg−1 energy density and a promising stability up to 650 cycles. This explored material will provide highly relevant insights for next-generation advanced energy storage systems.
•New explored red phosphorous structure for potassium dual-ion batteries.•Inducing P–O–C chemical bonding to anchor red phosphorous for electronic conductivity and structure stability.•Excellent energy density of 213 Wh kg−1 and superior lifespan up to 650 cycles.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the underlying mechanisms of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) are complex and involve multiple types of regulatory cell death, including ...ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Thus, we aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying MIRI and validate the protective role of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its related mechanisms in MIRI. An in vivo and in vitro models of MIRI were constructed. The results showed that pretreatment with EGCG could attenuate MIRI, as indicated by increased cell viability, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and apoptosis, inhibited iron overload, abnormal lipid metabolism, preserved mitochondrial function, decreased infarct size, maintained cardiac function, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and reduced TUNEL-positive cells. Additionally, EGCG pretreatment could attenuate ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy induced by MIRI via upregulating 14–3–3η protein levels. Furthermore, the protective effects of EGCG could be abolished with pAd/14–3–3η-shRNA or Compound C11 (a 14–3–3η inhibitor) but not pAd/NC-shRNA. In conclusion, EGCG pretreatment attenuated ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy by mediating 14–3–3η and protected cardiomyocytes against MIRI.
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•ferroptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis were significantly triggered in MIRI in vivo and in vitro.•EGCG could effectively attenuate MIRI by inhibiting ferroptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis.•EGCG pretreatment could alleviate MIRI by mediating 14–3–3η.
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