Acute pain sensation is an inherently negative but adaptive experience; however, research on pain sensitivity shows that simple contextual cues can effectively attenuate the pain. In this study, we ...sought to investigate how dominance cues, manipulated as vertical spatial (i.e., height) distance between participants and experimenter, affect participants’ pain sensitivity. Positioning participants in a spatially higher position relative to the experimenter was aimed to induce a feeling of dominance in participants. Conversely, a feeling of submissiveness was induced by placing the experimenter in a spatially higher position. In addition, we examined the role of dominance cues with respect to participants’ and experimenters’ gender. Two separate studies were conducted—Study 1 with a male experimenter measuring pain threshold in female and male participants (N = 137), and Study 2 with a female experimenter conducting pain measurement in a new sample of female and male participants (N = 122). The results of both studies demonstrated that participants in a dominant position reported a higher pain threshold relative to participants in a submissive position. Male participants had a higher pain threshold in both studies; however, Study 1 revealed a significant interaction of dominance manipulation and participant’s gender, with the effect of dominance cues being larger in men.
According to the bio-ecological model, individuals are highly influenced by the context and dynamic interactions occurring within their environment over time. Therefore, prolonged shared contexts ...that people are exposed to, such as the higher education system, should contribute to more similarities in their cognition. We examine two research models, specifying the influence of the national higher education system as a variable, that moderates the potential relationship between the students’ country of origin and their prosocial (Model 1) and pro-environmental (Model 2) attitudes. Two culturally similar countries (Croatia and Italy) and two student subsamples from both countries (one group with social science and humanities majors and another with business and economics major) are considered. We used A. F. Hayes’ PROCESS macro to estimate the results using the regression approach. The research results show statistically significantmoderated relationships between study major and prosocial and pro-environmental attitudes. However, the national HE contexts, when considered as moderating variables, suppressed the main effects in both models. We discuss possible explanations of the suppression of the main effect by the conditional one, outline implications of the present findings and provide guidelines for future research.
Contemporary literature on parenting support programmes advocates for greater engagement of fathers and a stronger evidence base of the programmes' effectiveness. This study examines the outcomes of ...the parenting support programme "Growing Up Together Fathers' Club" conducted through four weekly workshops with fathers of young children. A pre-post intervention comparison of self-reported data from 238 fathers who completed the programme in 25 sites throughout Croatia revealed an increase in parental self-efficacy, positive involvement with the child and attempted understanding of the child's perspective, and a decrease in harsh parenting and violence to the child after the programme. Participants' educational level did not moderate the results. Qualitative data provide insight into perceived programme benefits for fathers and theirchildren as well as suggestions for programme improvement.
Does It Hurt? Modić Stanke, Koraljka; Ivanec, Dragutin; Butić, Luka
Psihologijske teme,
07/2019, Letnik:
28, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The aim of this paper is to determine whether experimenter's professional status (Study 1) and familiarity (Study 2) affect participant's pain assessment, even when there are no other differences in ...the experimenter's characteristics. Both studies measured pain threshold and tolerance, and assessment of pain unpleasantness and intensity induced by thermal and electrical stimuli. In Study 1, experimenter introduced himself to participants as either a student (lower status) or an expert associate (higher status). ANOVA revealed significant and moderate to large effect of status only in thermal modality; as expected, participants tested by the higher status experimenter displayed higher thermal pain thresholds and tolerances. In
Study 2, another experimenter conducted all the measurements; hers (higher) status was previously familiar to one group of students and disclosed to the other group just before the measurement. ANOVA revealed
statistically significant and moderate effect of familiarity only in electrical modality; as expected, participants tested by the familiar higher status experimenter displayed higher electrical pain thresholds and tolerances. These results suggest that not only the professional status of a person measuring pain, but also individual's familiarity with it influences someone's pain assessment. With this in mind, researchers are encouraged to conduct studies that control for these factors and to include more information regarding experimenter's characteristics within their reports.
Cilj je ovoga rada bio utvrditi utječu li profesionalni status (prvo istraživanje) i poznatost (drugo istraživanje) eksperimentatora na procjenu boli sudionika, čak i kada nema drugih razlika u karakteristikama eksperimentatora. U oba su istraživanja mjereni prag i tolerancija boli te procjene neugode i intenziteta boli izazvane toplinskim i električnim podražajima. U prvom se istraživanju eksperimentator predstavio sudionicima kao student (niži status) ili kao
stručni suradnik (viši status). ANOVA je pokazala značajan i umjeren do
velik učinak statusa eksperimentatora samo u termalnom modalitetu; sudionici su čije je mjerenje provodio eksperimentator višeg statusa, u skladu s očekivanjima, pokazivali viši prag i toleranciju boli na toplinske podražaje. U drugom je istraživanju sva mjerenja provela eksperimentatorica čiji je (viši) status jednoj grupi studenata bio otprije poznat, dok je drugoj grupi bio otkriven neposredno prije mjerenja. ANOVA je pokazala statistički značajan i umjeren učinak poznatosti samo u električnom modalitetu; sudionici čije je mjerenje provodila prethodno poznata eksperimentatorica višeg statusa pokazivali su viši prag i toleranciju boli na električne podražaje, što je bilo očekivano. Ovi rezultati sugeriraju da na procjenu boli pojedinaca ne utječe samo profesionalni status osobe koja mjeri bol već i njihova prethodna upoznatost s njime. Imajući to na umu, istraživače se potiče da prilikom budućih istraživanja kontroliraju ove čimbenike te da u radove uključe detaljnije informacije o karakteristikama eksperimentatora
Društveno korisno učenje (DKU) inovativna je metoda bazirana na iskustvenom učenju čijom je implementacijom u obrazovni sustav moguće ostvariti brojne dobrobiti za akademsku i društvenu zajednicu. ...Cilj istraživanja prikazanog ovim radom bio je ispitati percipirane dobiti DKU-a kod studenata socijalnog rada (N = 23) uslijed pilot-provedbe izbornog DKU kolegija na prvoj godini studija. Postavljena su tri istraživačka pitanja vezana uz studentsku percepciju dobitaka od sudjelovanja u projektima DKU-a za različite aktere u projektu, samoprocjenu zadovoljstva pojedinim elementima DKU-a te prijedloge za unaprjeđenje kolegija. Istraživačka pitanja razrađena su u anketi primijenjenoj po završetku kolegija; odgovori na pitanja otvorenog tipa obrađeni su metodom kvalitativne analize sadržaja, a odgovori na pitanja zatvorenog tipa kvantitativnom analizom podataka. Prema rezultatima, studenti prvenstveno prepoznaju brojne dobiti DKU-a za njih same na osobnoj i profesionalnoj razini, ali percipiraju i niz dobiti za korisnike, udruge i širu zajednicu. Nadalje, studenti su jako zadovoljni različitim elementima DKU-a te smatraju da im je omogućilo bolje upoznavanje prakse socijalnog rada. I, konačno, studenti predlažu (još) veći naglasak na pripremi i osmišljavanju projekata te na radu u udruzi/zajednici, kao i više refleksija usmenim putem. Rezultati govore u prilog povećanju kvota na DKU kolegiju i/ili implementaciji DKU-a na više kolegija na početku studija.
Highlights • Expectation can have prolonged effect on pain perception. • When expecting lower-intensity stimuli, participants underestimated pain intensity. • When expecting higher-intensity stimuli, ...participants overestimated pain intensity. • The effect size is moderate to large for both lower- and higher-intensity stimuli.
For more than a century, scholars have been interested in promoting community-based learning to develop students’ agency and civic engagement. While community-university engagement (CUE) matured into ...an academic discipline of its own, questions about its impact on local communities remain largely ignored. This study examines the landscape of CUE in Southeastern Europe and its impact on local capacity development. One hundred eighty-seven faculty from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Kosovo completed a self-administered survey. The results link CUE programs with increased community assets, functioning and transformational capacity, and underscore the importance of learning with community stakeholders to promote local development.
•This study examines the status of community engaged education in Southeast Europe.•Service-learning education is most prevalent in Southeast European universities.•Promoting community engagement can strengthen local capacity for development.•Community engaged education can open doors to address inequality and inclusion.•Promoting community-university education requires institutional capacity building.
To become a teacher one must possess a minimum of pedagogical competences, obtained by the completion of pedagogical-psychological-didactic-methodical education. It is assumed that it will be ...followed by professional growth in the foreseeable future – but that does not necessarily happen. One way to provide a better head start for prospective teachers and their future students is to implement a service-learning (S-L) – a pedagogical approach that combines academic coursework with voluntary service in the community. The aim of this study is to determine the initial interest of students for engaging in service-learning within compulsory courses of pedagogical-psychological-didactic-methodical education and to investigate the relationship between the level of service-learning information and the reported interest in service-learning. Participants were 42 graduate students, divided into two groups – experimental (attended a lecture on service-learning between measurements) and control group (no intervention between two measurements). Results demonstrate high(est) interest for service learning within the course Psychology of Education. Prospective teachers that attended the lecture on service-learning became more interested in it. Most of the students think that engaging in service-learning would lead to higher motivation and better knowledge of the course. These findings should encourage teachers and policy-makers to consider the implementation of S-L in educational institutions in order to improve educational efficiency on all levels of the educational system.
Does It Hurt? Depends on Who's Asking Koraljka Modić Stanke; Dragutin Ivanec; Luka Butić
Psychological Topics,
07/2019, Letnik:
28, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The aim of this paper is to determine whether experimenter's professional status (Study 1) and familiarity (Study 2) affect participant's pain assessment, even when there are no other differences in ...the experimenter's characteristics. Both studies measured pain threshold and tolerance, and assessment of pain unpleasantness and intensity induced by thermal and electrical stimuli. In Study 1, experimenter introduced himself to participants as either a student (lower status) or an expert associate (higher status). ANOVA revealed significant and moderate to large effect of status only in thermal modality; as expected, participants tested by the higher status experimenter displayed higher thermal pain thresholds and tolerances. In Study 2, another experimenter conducted all the measurements; hers (higher) status was previously familiar to one group of students and disclosed to the other group just before the measurement. ANOVA revealed statistically significant and moderate effect of familiarity only in electrical modality; as expected, participants tested by the familiar higher status experimenter displayed higher electrical pain thresholds and tolerances. These results suggest that not only the professional status of a person measuring pain, but also individual's familiarity with it influences someone's pain assessment. With this in mind, researchers are encouraged to conduct studies that control for these factors and to include more information regarding experimenter's characteristics within their reports.
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