The study was carried out to compare the efficacy of three media namely Modified Thayer Martin medium, McClung's carbon free broth with paraffin bait and paraffin agar in isolating Nocardia species ...from clinical specimens. Two hundred and seventy six clinical specimens from 245 cases were studied which included cases of bronchopulmonary and systemic infections and cases of mycetoma. Paraffin agar was found to be an inexpensive and selective medium for isolation of Nocardia species when compared with Modified Thayer Martin medium and paraffin bait techniques.
Afovirsen sodium is a 20‐mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide designed to be complementary to the messenger ribonucleic acid sequence for the translation initiation codon of the E2 protein vital to ...replication of human papillomaviruses types 6 and 11. 14C‐Labeled afovirsen was given as a single‐dose intradermal injection in each of four warts of five patients to determine the time‐dependent changes in concentration of intact afovirsen in genital warts and to determine the systemic absorption and elimination of radiolabeled compound. Intact afovirsen in genital warts was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography analysis of protease K digested extracts. Intact afovirsen was present in wart tissue for at least 72 hours at concentrations several times in excess of the estimated minimal inhibitory concentration of 1 µmol/L. Absorption of radiolabeled afovirsen from the injection site was rapid, with a peak plasma concentration achieved within 1 hour. Clearance of afovirsen was primarily attributable to slow metabolism, with about 30% of the radiolabel eliminated as 14C‐CO2 in expired air over a 6‐day period after dosing. Radioactivity eliminated in urine represented metabolites of afovirsen. From the clinical pharmacokinetic data presented here and from previously published pharmacokinetic data in rats, the disposition of afovirsen in humans appears to be relatively similar to that in rats. These data suggest that once or twice weekly dosing regimen in the clinic may be appropriate.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1994) 56, 641–646; doi:10.1038/clpt.1994.189
Using a 3 x 3 Latin Square design, a possible interaction between diprafenone HCl a class IC antiarrhythmic drug with nonspecific beta-antagonist activity and propranolol HCl was investigated in nine ...young, healthy, caucasian, male volunteers. The volunteers randomly received 3 single-dose treatments: (A) 200 mg DHCl, (B) 80 mg PHCl, and (C) 200 mg DHCl and 80 mg PHCl. Scheduled blood samples were taken and plasma concentrations of both diprafenone and propranolol were measured by sensitive and specific assay methods. Lead II electrocardiogram intervals at rest, heart rate during erect bicycle ergometry, and echocardiographic variables at rest and shortly after exercise were recorded. The data analysis used compartment model independent methods. There was no evidence for a pharmacokinetic interaction between the two drugs. With DHCl, two of the nine subjects showed greatly increased areas under the plasma concentration-time curves and apparent disposition half-lives in the presence and absence of PHCl, indicating that metabolism of diprafenone may be subject to pharmacogenetic polymorphism. There was evidence for a pharmacodynamic interaction between DHCl and PHCl regarding the negative chronotropic effect at rest and during exercise. There was no difference in the pharmacodynamics and tolerability of the three treatments in suspected "poor" and "extensive metabolizers" of DHCl.
The concepts of automated diagnostics that were developed for and that are implemented in the IBM 3081 Processor complex are presented in this paper. Significant features of the 3081 diagnostics ...methodology are the capability to isolate intermittent as well as solid hardware failures and the automatic isolation of a failure to the failing field-replaceable unit (FRU) in a high percentage of the cases. The problem of isolating intermittent faults is solved by a new strategy of dynamic error detection and fault isolation by analysis of data captured at the detection of the error.
Stem cell adhesion to bone-marrow derived stroma, plays a crucial role in haemopoiesis. However, there is very little information as to the nature of the adhesion molecule. In this paper we have ...shown that human bone-marrow derived stroma can be established in tissue culture. This stroma is able to adhere human bone-marrow mononuclear cells including the multipotent stem cell, viz. CFU-GEMM. Their adherence increases when the stroma is treated with lymphokines in the form of PHA-treated leucocyte conditioned medium (PHA-LCM). Triton X-100 extracts of the untreated and PHA-LCM treated stroma were analysed on single dimension PAGE. It was observed that PHA-LCM treated stromal extracts showed two extra bands and an increase in the density of a band of approximately 14 kDa. Whether these changes have anything to do with the increased adhesion of stem cell is not yet known.
The use of memory arrays to drive yield enhancement has driven the development of many technologies. The uniformity of the arrays allows for easy testing and defect location. Unfortunately, the ...complexities of the logic circuitry are not represented well in the memory arrays. As technologies push to smaller geometries and the layout and timing of the logic circuitry becomes more problematic the ability to address yield issue is becoming critical. The goal of this paper is to present the added yield enhancement capabilities of using Scan Chain and Scan Pattern testing for logic debug, ways to interpret the fail data and test methodologies to balance test time and acquiring data. For the purpose of clarity, the term Scan Chain is defined as the latches used to load and unload the logic tests and Scan Patterns are defined as the logic between the latches which perform the functional operations of the chip.
Anaesthesiologist may encounter problems while anaesthetising a patient following organophosphorus poisoning. These problems and the necessary precaution are described.