Veterans with disabilities are often hesitant to request an accommodation in the workplace, despite the fact that many intranational legal frameworks require employers to provide reasonable ...accommodation. This study draws from social identity and disability help-seeking theoretical perspectives to examine various factors – veteran identity, disability attributes, and workplace inclusive climate perceptions – which shape feelings of psychological safety and the decision to request a disability accommodation among military veterans with disabilities. Findings suggest veteran identity strain (an incongruence between one’s civilian work and military identity) is related to withholding of an accommodation request through decreased psychological safety. We also find veteran identity strain is less likely to be associated with decreased psychological safety when an organization is perceived to have a strong climate of inclusion, especially for military veterans with higher degrees of disability invisibility. The current study sheds light on why veterans with disabilities might not engage in help-seeking behaviors, and contributes to research streams on workplace disability and veteran workplace integration. Practically, we encourage employers to be especially aware of the needs of vulnerable employees and to develop inclusive climates in order to better support all military personnel transitioning to a civilian workforce.
Using an interactionist perspective and conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examined the interactive effects of resilience and role overload on family-work enrichment and the outcomes ...of surface acting, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. The model was tested using a sample of 156 full time employees who completed surveys at two time periods. As expected, resilience was positively related to family-work enrichment and family-work enrichment was negatively related to surface acting and emotional exhaustion and positively related to job satisfaction demonstrating mediating effects for family-work enrichment. Role overload moderated the positive relationship between resilience and family-work enrichment such that the relationship was weaker when role overload was high indicating a boundary condition for the favorable effects of resilience. Finally, support was found for the conditional indirect effects of resilience on surface acting, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction through family-work enrichment such that the relationships were weaker when role overload was high.
This paper takes us beyond the unethical act and explores the use of moral disengagement as a multi-stage, multi-functional regulatory, and coping mechanism that not only allows individuals to engage ...in unethical behavior, but also manage the negative emotions (i.e., guilt and shame) from learning the consequences of such behavior. A resource-based lens is applied to the moral disengagement process, suggesting that individuals not only morally disengage prior to committing an unethical act in order to conserve their own resources, but also morally disengage as a coping mechanism to reduce emotional duress upon learning of the consequences of their actions, which we describe as
. These assertions are tested using a scenario-based laboratory study consisting of 182 respondents. Findings indicate that individuals will morally disengage in order to commit an unethical act, will experience negative emotions from having learned of the consequences, and then will engage in post-moral disengagement as a coping mechanism. In addition, the findings suggest that guilt and shame relate differently to moral disengagement.
This study uses organizational support theory to examine how health care employees’ perceptions of teamwork influence patient satisfaction through a serial mediation involving employee well-being and ...intention to remain. The study also examines the extent to which the training that employees receive might enhance these relationships. Hypothesized assumptions are tested by multilevel analysis using data from 66,930 employees nested within 162 organizations from the British National Health Service (NHS). Our findings indicate that teamwork has a positive indirect association with patient satisfaction through employee well-being (i.e., job satisfaction and work engagement) and intention to remain, in sequence. The strength of this indirect relationship is also enhanced by training provided to employees by the organization.
Extant diversity climate research has been based primarily upon the Interactional Model of Cultural Diversity (IMCD). While prior research has supported the beneficial effects of prodiversity ...climates (i.e., work environments that employees view as fair and socially integrative of all personnel) on worker attitudes and behaviors, less is known about the potential boundary conditions of diversity climate-outcome relationships. To address this concern, we conducted a meta-analysis of diversity climate using 109 independent samples from 94 studies. Meta-analytic results indicate that diversity climate–outcome relationships are moderated by climate measure type, outcome type, demographic diversity, climate strength, and measurement source. These findings show that diversity climate is more strongly related to outcomes when measured as inclusion climate (vs. diversity climate), for attitudinal outcomes compared to performance and withdrawal criteria, when work contexts are more racially and ethnically diverse, when personnel exhibit stronger versus weaker agreement in their diversity climate perceptions, and when diversity climate and outcome data are collected from the same source versus different sources. The theoretical and practical implications of our findings are noted and discussed.
Cross‐functional team effectiveness Daspit, Josh; Tillman, CJustice; Boyd, Nancy G ...
Team performance management,
01/2013, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1/2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose - Current research remains unclear on what factors contribute to cross-functional team (CFT) success. Thus, the primary purpose of this investigation is to examine internal factors of the ...team (namely internal team environment, shared leadership, and cohesion) and the influence of each factor on CFT effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach - Structural equation modeling is used to empirically examine the data collected from an undergraduate student sample. Teams worked competitively on a complex task requiring functional area expertise. Findings - Results from the study indicate internal team environment influences effectiveness through shared leadership and cohesion as found in other forms of teams. However, unique to CFTs, internal team environment is not directly related to effectiveness, and shared leadership does not directly influence cohesion. The findings suggest that in CFTs, internal team environment indirectly influences effectiveness. Research limitations/implications - The findings of this study can be used to expand current models of CFT effectiveness. Additionally, by examining the internal dynamics of the team (e.g. internal team environment) researchers will be better able to account for the previous vast differences found in CFT outcomes. Practical implications - Managers interested in influencing team effectiveness are encouraged to focus on the internal dynamics of CFTs. To indirectly influence team effectiveness managers should insure teams establish a clear purpose and that members support one another and feel comfortable making contributions to the team. Originality/value - This investigation offers understanding of how CFTs can be structured to influence effectiveness and provides insight into previously inconsistent findings. Both researchers and managers will benefit from an enhanced understanding of how internal factors uniquely influence CFT effectiveness.
Affective responses constitute the mechanism by which abusive supervision received is associated with subordinates’ turnover intentions. Using affective events theory (AET) as a theoretical ...framework, we suggest that abusive supervision is a contextual event that is associated with subordinates’ affective reactions and corresponding evaluative judgment of their workplace, which ultimately leads to increased turnover intentions, a prominent withdrawal outcome. We examine two affective responses as mediators, hope (a goal‐related affective state based on the expectation of positive outcomes) and affective commitment (affect‐based evaluation of the organization). Two samples from a field study (n = 209) and an experiment (n = 427) were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results supported our proposed chain of relationships, suggesting that subordinates are likely to experience decreased hope and affective commitment after having experienced abuse from a supervisor, which subsequently impact their withdrawal intention to leave the organization.
Leveraging perspectives from social cognitive theory, the attention-based view, and social networks literatures, we tested the relationship between unethical choice and network unethicality, which we ...define as respondents' perceptions of their peer advisors' unethical choices. Although social cognitive theory predicts that perceptions of peer advisor unethical choice are positively associated with unethical choice, we theorize that the nature of this relationship depends on the personality of the actor (core self-evaluation) and the situation (moral intensity). Results from a lagged study suggest that individual and situational variables may act as key buffers to the adverse impact of unethical social influence on ethical choice. Strengths, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Despite increased attention given to unethical decision-making, few studies have simultaneously examined the multiple influences that may effect this outcome. In addition, few studies have examined ...the processes through which unethical decision-making may be influenced. Drawing on field theory and the concept of situational strength and social cognitive theory and the concept of moral disengagement, the researcher examined the simultaneous influence of the meta-personality trait core self-evaluation, ethical climate, and moral intensity on ethical decision-making along with the role of moral disengagement as a mediator of the relationship between core self-evaluation and intent to engage in unethical decision-making. In addition, intent to engage in unethical decision-making was explored as a mediator of the relationship between core self-evaluation and unethical behavior. Maximum-likelihood structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the main effects of core self-evaluation, ethical climate, and moral intensity as well as the mediating and moderating hypotheses. The study's implications as well as limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
In this study, attribution theory is used to explore the influence of whether organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), perceived as selfish or selfless influence interpersonal relationships. ...Individuals who engage in OCBs are more likely to be favorably viewed by peers; however, we examine whether peer perceptions of an individual's motive for performing the citizenship behavior influences the trust, loyalty, and respect of interpersonal relationships. An experimental design is used to empirically determine the nature of the relationships, and we find that when individuals perceive OCBs to be selfish, relationship quality is negatively impacted. The theoretical implications of these and related findings are discussed, and future research directions are presented.
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