This work presents a hybrid model for
Cabernet Sauvignon
(CS) red wine-making that combines mechanistic and data-driven approaches to optimize the fermentation process and improve the quality of red ...wine. The model incorporates two sub-units representing the interaction between alcoholic fermentation and phenolic extraction, considering factors such as temperature, products addition, draining time, and must composition. To develop and validate the model, a database of 270 industrial CS fermentation from 2017-2021 harvest seasons was collected. The models were calibrated using experimental data, achieving an average R
2
of 0.94 for fermentation kinetics model and 45% and 80.9% test accuracy for tannins and anthocyanins predictors, respectively. A multi-objective dynamic optimization problem was formulated and solved to find fermentation operation conditions that optimize simultaneously phenolic quality, process costs and productivity. A similar distribution of the Paretos were obtained for varietal and premium wines. Finally, these tools were packed in a digital platform for practical use in industrial cellars. The models generate the predictions and recipes prescription for each fermentation tank when the pre fermentative juice is analyzed. As a result, it is obtained useful information for wine decision-making like maceration length and wine phenolic composition at least five days in advance.
Dynamic process modeling is a discipline increasing its participation in industrial solutions, nowadays playing part in a several industries for control and prediction purposes in production ...processes. The correct use of these models depends on parameter estimation; a necessary task for these tools to represent closely a given system. However, enough high-quality data is not always available to carry out this work; scarce sample availability, inadequate sampling times, and high amounts of noise are common conditions impairing dynamic parameter estimation in most calibration procedures. The above may lead into serious difficulties during parameter estimation leading into inappropriate calibrations; if this is the case, highly non-linear models will tend to instability, thus, failing at generating reliable predictions. Therefore, a method to guarantee reliable calibrations when limited data is at hand is necessary if industrial application of these models is sought. In this work, a new method for robustness-guided model reparametrization was developed in collaboration with the Center for Research and Innovation at Viña Concha y Toro to support model calibration. As a case study, alcoholic fermentation models of Cabernet Sauvignon wines were recalibrated and improved using the proposed framework. To this task, wine fermentations were conducted in laboratory and pilot scale reactors, monitoring changes in the main metabolites implied in this process by using spectrophotometry. Subsequently, using laboratory-scale data, the developed method was applied to select the model structure that best adapted to the available data, which was then validated using pilot-scale data. By implementing this reparametrization strategy, significant improvements in prediction quality and consistency were achieved, leading into higher prediction fidelity.
RESUMEN: Canalis sinuosus, canal intraóseo localizado en región maxilar anterior, contiene elementos vasculonerviosos alveolares anterosuperiores. Diversas intervenciones en región maxilar anterior ...como colocación de implantes, exodoncias, instalación de microtornillos ortodóncicos, procedimientos quirúrgicos, entre otros, pueden comprometer al Canalis sinuosus y/o sus canales accesorios dañando los elementos contenidos en su interior causando complicaciones como hemorragias, parestesia, disestesia, etc. Dado el gran desconocimiento de su existencia, el Canalis sinuosus frecuentemente es confundido con lesiones patológicas y/o endodónticas. Clásicamente la literatura lo describe como una variación anatómica variación anatómica, sin embargo, presenta elevadas prevalencias (51,7 %-100 %), siendo cuestionada esta aseveración. Determinar prevalencia y característica s anatómicas del Canalis sinuosus mediante Cone Beam CT en pacientes chilenos del centro radiológico IMAPROX® entre 2017- 2021. Análisis retrospectivo de 220 CBCT maxilares anonimizados, considerando variables sexo, presencia del Canalis sinuosus, Canalis sinuosus uni/bilateral, diámetro mayor del Canalis sinuosus, presencia/número de accesorios. Análisis estadístico uni y bivariado. 100 % de prevalencia del Canalis sinuosus en ambos sexos, presencia bilateral 100 %. Diámetro mayor promedio del Canalis sinuosus: 2,58 mm. El 76,8 % presentó accesorios, siendo más prevalente la presencia de 2 CA (34,1 %). Una estructura anatómica normal habitual debe presentar sobre 50 % de prevalencia para ser considerada como tal, pero no hay consensos en criterios empleados para definir variación anatómica o estructura anatómica normal habitual. Literatura describe al Canalis sinuosus como variación anatómica, pero estudios actuales muestran elevadas prevalencias: Rusia 67 %, Brasil 88 %, Turquía, Colombia y Chile 100 %. Este estudio encontró 100 % de prevalencia, sugiriendo que Canalis sinuosus es una estructura anatómica normal habitual. Sin embargo, Canalis sinuosus es poco conocido asociándose a numerosas complicaciones por procedimientos odontológicos y/o quirúrgicos en RMA pudiendo generar hemorragias, parestesia/disestesia, dolor agudo, etc. Elevadas prevalencias reportadas sugieren que Canalis sinuosus es una estructura anatómica normal habitual y no una variación anatómica, pero se requieren más estudios y consensos para aseverarlo. Es de relevancia clínica conocer la existencia y localización del Canalis sinuosus para evitar complicaciones.
Lusory dysphagia: Unusual cause of intermittent dysphagia Bonomo M, Carolina; Gallardo O, Ricardo; Orellana G, Cristobal ...
International journal of surgery case reports,
June 2024, 2024-Jun, 2024-06-00, 20240601, Letnik:
119
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Lusory dysphagia (LD) is a rare disorder resulting from extrinsic vascular compression of the esophagus, is often associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). LD is characterized by ...abnormal development of the right fourth aortic arch during embryonic stages, leading to posterior coursing of the artery in 80 % of cases. Predominantly presenting as dysphagia, LD can occasionally manifest with laryngeal stridor or dyspnea, yet it often remains asymptomatic and incidentally discovered.
We present a case of LD in a 24-year-old male with Down syndrome, experiencing prolonged dysphagia and recurrent aspiration episodes. Emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed food impactation beyond the upper esophageal sphincter, and subsequent imaging studies confirmed an aberrant right subclavian artery causing extrinsic compression.
LD is a rare condition. It is a challenging diagnosis often necessitating a combination of endoscopy, contrasted imaging and angiography. Treatment strategies vary, with conservative approaches for mild symptoms involving dietary modifications, and surgical intervention considered for persistent or severe cases.
Recognizing LD in the context of long-standing dysphagia is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Further research is needed to establish standardized diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for this uncommon condition.
•Lusory dysphagia is a rare disorder resulting from extrinsic vascular compression of the esophagus.•It is commonly associated with the presence of an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA).•Dysphagia is the most common symptom.•Management options vary based on symptom severity.
Endarterectomía carotídea, resultados a corto plazo Torrealba Malpica, Carlos Luis; Bonomo Miranda, Carolina Andrea; Orellana Gajardo, Cristobal Alejandro ...
Revista de Cirugia,
04/2024, Letnik:
76, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo y resultados de la endarterectomía carotídea en el hospital Metropolitano de la Florida Dra. Eloísa Díaz Insunza.Materiales y métodos: Se trata de un estudio ...observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo, donde se analizan 89 endarterectomías carotídea, en un período de 8 años (enero del 2015 a enero de 2023) realizadas en 85 pacientes, los pacientes fueron divididos en 2 grupos, sintomáticos y asintomáticos, con respecto a las complicaciones fueron clasificadas en mayores y menores.Resultados: Se realizaron 89 endarterectomías carotídeas desde enero del 2015 hasta enero del 2023. El grupo sintomático corresponde a 78 (87,64%) pacientes, el grupo asintomático 11 (12,35%). 62 en hombres (69,66%) y 27 en mujeres (30,33%). Hubo muerte en 1 (1,12%) solo paciente, perteneciendo éste al grupo sintomático. Accidentes vasculares perioperatorios en 3 (3,37%) pacientes, todos con secuelas neurológicas presentes a 30 días post-operatorios (uno de estos fallecido en post-operatorio inmediato). Hematomas en 5 (5,61%) casos, 4 (3,56%) que requirieron intervención quirúrgica para drenaje del mismo. Lesión neurológica periférica en 1 (1,12%) solo paciente que corresponde a lesión del laríngeo recurrente. 1 (1,12%) caso de infección superficial de herida operatoria. 1 (1,12%) caso de síndrome de reperfusión cerebralDiscusión: Todas las grandes series y guías internacionales demuestran el amplio beneficio de la endarterectomía carotídea en la prevención de eventos neurológicos.Conclusión: La endarterectomía carotídea sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección en la estenosis carotídea sintomática, realizada en centros con experiencia presenta resultados excelentes en cuanto a la prevención de nuevos eventos neurológicos.
Los aneurismas de la arteria iliaca común son bastante frecuentes, están presentes hasta en un 40% de los pacientes con aneurisma de aorta infrarrenal. La cirugía endovascular aórtica ha evolucionado ...desde la década de 1990 incluyendo el desarrollo de dispositivos bifurcados ilíacos (DBI) para preservar el flujo hacia las arterias hipogástricas durante la cirugía endovascular. Estos dispositivos ofrecen una alternativa segura y eficaz para evitar complicaciones derivadas de la oclusión de la arteria hipogástrica. La indicación de los DBI se basa en criterios anatómicos específicos y su despliegue requiere una técnica meticulosa. Dentro de las varias técnicas descritas para preservar el flujo de las arterias hipogástricas, se describen la transposición de arteria hipogástrica, el Bell-Bottom, los stent paralelos o “sandwich”, entre otros. Los DBI ofrecen ventajas en términos de resultados técnicos y clínicos a corto y mediano plazo. Sin embargo, se requiere de una adecuada planificación y selección de pacientes para obtener buenos resultados, aunque se carece de datos a largo plazo, los DBI son una técnica más segura en comparación con otras técnicas quirúrgicas.
The run-and-tumble (RT) dynamics followed by bacterial swimmers gives rise first to a ballistic motion due to their persistence, and later, through consecutive tumbles, to a diffusive process. Here ...we investigate how long it takes for a dilute swimmer suspension to reach the diffusive regime as well as what is the amplitude of the deviations from the diffusive dynamics. A linear time dependence of the mean-squared displacement (MSD) is insufficient to characterize diffusion and thus we also focus on the excess kurtosis of the displacement distribution. Four swimming strategies are considered: (i) the conventional RT model with complete reorientation after tumbling, (ii) the case of partial reorientation, characterized by a distribution of tumbling angles, (iii) a run-and-reverse model with rotational diffusion, and (iv) a RT particle where the tumbling rate depends on the stochastic concentration of an internal protein. By analyzing the associated kinetic equations for the probability density function and simulating the models, we find that for models (ii), (iii), and (iv) the relaxation to diffusion can take much longer than the mean time between tumble events, evidencing the existence of large tails in the particle displacements. Moreover, the excess kurtosis can assume large positive values. In model (ii) it is possible for some distributions of tumbling angles that the MSD reaches a linear time dependence but, still, the dynamics remains non-Gaussian for long times. This is also the case in model (iii) for small rotational diffusivity. For all models, the long-time diffusion coefficients are also obtained. The theoretical approach, which relies on eigenvalue and angular Fourier expansions of the van Hove function, is in excellent agreement with the simulations.
