Tidal observations influence the transport efficiency of international commercial ports and can be affected by mechanical failures or typhoon-induced storms. These factors cause observational ...interruptions, which lead to tidal data loss or anomaly. Thus, the applicability of the data is reduced. Existing methods still have certain limitations in accurately predicting the tide level because of the omission of a large amount of data. Therefore, missing value imputation and tide level forecasting of tidal data are crucial topics in tidal observation study. In this study, we propose a deep learning algorithm for missing value imputation and tide level forecasting of tidal data. The test data are obtained from the tidal data of Keelung Port, Taipei Port, Tamsui Port, Taichung Port, Jiangjun Port, Anping Port, Kaohsiung Port, Hualian Port, Suao Port, and Penghu Port, constructed by the Harbor and Marine Technology Center, Taiwan. The average error value for conducting missing value imputation is 0.086 m ± 5%, and the average error value for tide level forecasting is 0.071 m. The experimental results reveal that the deep neural network has better performance than the traditional statistical methods and other artificial neural networks.
Gut microbiota are involved in many physiological functions such as metabolism, brain development, and neurodegenerative diseases. Many microbes in the digestive tract do not maintain a constant ...level of their relative abundance but show daily oscillations under normal conditions. Recent evidence indicates that chronic jetlag, constant darkness, or deletion of the circadian core gene can alter the composition of gut microbiota and dampen the daily oscillation of gut microbes. However, the neuronal circuit responsible for modulating gut microbiota remained unclear. Using genetic mouse models and 16s rRNA metagenomic analysis, we find that light‐dark cycle information transmitted by the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) is essential for daily oscillations of gut microbes under temporal restricted high‐fat diet conditions. Furthermore, aberrant light exposure such as dim light at night (dLAN) can alter the composition, relative abundance, and daily oscillations of gut microbiota. Together, our results indicate that external light‐dark cycle information can modulate gut microbiota in the direction from the brain to the gut via the sensory system.
Synopsis
In addition to the endogenous circadian clock of the host, the external light‐dark cycle can modulate gut microbiota composition, diversity, and daily oscillation through intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.
Mice that lack intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) or melanopsin have a distinct gut microbiota composition from WT mice.
Light dark cycle information regulates the daily oscillation of gut microbiota through the ipRGC‐sympathetic nerve pathway.
Dim light at night causes dysbiosis through sympathetic nerve‐dependent and ‐independent pathways.
In addition to the endogenous circadian clock of the host, the external light‐dark cycle can modulate gut microbiota composition, diversity, and daily oscillation through intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.
We report here, for the first time, the experimental observation on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction of the thiol proton in room-temperature solution. This phenomenon ...is demonstrated by a derivative of 3-thiolflavone (3TF), namely, 2-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)-3-mercapto-4H-chromen-4-one (3NTF), which possesses an SH···O intramolecular H-bond (denoted by the dashed line) and has an S1 absorption at 383 nm. Upon photoexcitation, 3NTF exhibits a distinctly red emission maximized at 710 nm in cyclohexane with an anomalously large Stokes shift of 12 230 cm–1. Upon methylation on the thiol group, 3MeNTF, lacking the thiol proton, exhibits a normal Stokes-shifted emission at 472 nm. These, in combination with the computational approaches, lead to the conclusion of thiol-type ESIPT unambiguously. Further time-resolved study renders an unresolvable (<180 fs) ESIPT rate for 3NTF, followed by a tautomer emission lifetime of 120 ps. In sharp contrast to 3NTF, both 3TF and 3-mercapto-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (3FTF) are non-emissive. Detailed computational approaches indicate that all studied thiols undergo thermally favorable ESIPT. However, once forming the proton-transferred tautomer, the lone-pair electrons on the sulfur atom brings non-negligible nπ* contribution to the S1′ state (prime indicates the proton-transferred tautomer), for which the relaxation is dominated by the non-radiative deactivation. For 3NTF, the extension of π-electron delocalization by the diethylamino electron-donating group endows the S1′ state primarily in the ππ* configuration, exhibiting the prominent tautomer emission. The results open a new chapter in the field of ESIPT, covering the non-canonical sulfur intramolecular H-bond and its associated ESIPT at ambient temperature.
Most cases of acquired aplastic anemia (AA) arise from autoimmune destruction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical nonmyeloablative hematopoietic ...stem cell transplantation (HSCT) plus post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is increasingly applied to salvage AA using bone marrow as graft and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) in conditioning. Herein, we characterize a cohort of twelve AA patients clinically and molecularly, six who possessed other immunological disorders (including two also carrying germline
mutations). Each patient with
mutation also carried an AA-related rare
variant or
p.T17A GG genotype, respectively, and both presented short telomere lengths. Six of the ten patients analyzed harbored AA-risky
polymorphisms. All patients recovered upon non-HSCT (n = 4) or HSCT (n = 8) treatments. Six of the eight HSCT-treated patients were subjected to a modified PTCy-based regimen involving freshly prepared peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) as graft and exclusion of ATG. All patients were engrafted between post-transplantation days +13 and +18 and quickly reverted to normal life, displaying a sustained complete hematologic response and an absence of graft-versus-host disease. These outcomes indicate most AA cases, including of the
-inherited subtype, are immune-mediated and the modified PTCy-based regimen we present is efficient and safe for salvage.
UV is a potent factor in skin photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Therefore, investigating the inhibiting mechanisms of photoaging would be useful to enable development of agents to slow down the ...aging process. UV-irradiation increased metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -3, and -9 and then causes collagen and elastin degradation, leading to the formation of coarse wrinkles and sagging skin. Polyphenols, a group of compounds, possessing a variety of biological activities including inhibition of MMP-1 and elastase, are widely distributed in plants including Coffea arabica. In this study, Coffea arabica leaves extract (CAE), its hydrolysates (CAH), chlororgenic acid and caffeic acid, are studied for their anti-photoaging effect. Coffea arabica leaves were extracted with methanol, and the extract was hydrolyzed with different concentrations of hydrochloric acid. The various concentrations of CAE, CAH, chlororgenic acid and caffeic acid were subject to MMPs and elastase inhibition tests. The fibroblast was used for collagen synthesis and MMP-1, -3, -9 inhibition tests on herbal extracts. The results showed that CAE stimulated type I procollagen expression, inhibited MMP-1, -3, -9 expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38. The results suggest that CAE can prevent photo-damage in skin through inhibiting MMP expression and MAP kinase pathway.
Until now, only limited DPP oligomers delivered ambipolar semiconductor characteristics. To develop a facile strategy of preparing ambipolar mono-DPP oligomers, two dithienyl diketopyrrolopyrrole ...(DPPT) based-conjugated molecules, DPPT-RD and DPPT-DCV, which contain 3-ethylrhodanine (RD) and dicyano-2-vinyl (DCV) end substituents were synthesized. The influences of the -RD end substituents on the molecular properties, solid-state morphology, and OFET performances of the DPPT oligomer were investigated. The UV–vis absorption and CV results showed that the RD end substituents provide the DPPT oligomer suitable E HOMO and E LUMO for hole and electron injection from the Au source-drain electrodes. Moreover, the RD end substituents also improve the crystalline nature of the DPPT oligomer. That is, DPPT-RD can form crystal arrays with good lattice orientation, larger crystalline size, and without polymorphism. With those properties, DPPT-RD thus display ambipolar characteristic with μh and μe reaching 2.16 × 10–2 and 7.27 × 10–2 cm2 V–1 s–1, respectively.
How to simultaneously improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties is a key problem facing currently used anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). Here, biomass-based bacterial cellulose (BC) was ...used as a porous template to make TiO2 localized mineralization around the surface of BC nanofibers, and constructed a TiO2-coated BC porous substrate (TiO2@BC) with hierarchical structure. Then, the coated TiO2 nanoparticles was densely grafted by quaternary ammonium groups to obtain high ionic conduction ability. After filling with a polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) with high ion exchange capacity through in situ polymerization and crosslinking, the obtained novel PIL-filled AEM possessed ultrahigh ionic conductivity of 100.5 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, which was 72.1% higher than that of the PIL-filled pure BC membrane (only 58.4 mS cm−1). Moreover, by the aid of the synergistic reinforcement effect of TiO2@BC, the membrane exhibited extremely high dry strength of 95.3 MPa and satisfactory wet strength and flexibility. When at fully hydrate state, the membrane with the size of 1 × 4 cm (width × length) can hang a bottle containing 1000 g of water. The single cell equipped with this membrane output the peak power density of 40.2 mW cm−2, showing its great potential as a high-performance biomass-based AEM.
