By using error bounds for affine variational inequalities we prove that any iterative sequence generated by the Projection DC (Difference-of-Convex functions) decomposition algorithm in quadratic ...programming is R-linearly convergent, provided that the original problem has solutions. Our result solves in the affirmative the first part of the conjecture stated by Le Thi, Pham Dinh and Yen in their recent paper 8, p. 489.
The skeleton is one of the most important organs in the human body in assisting our motion and activities; however, bone density attenuates gradually as we age. Among common bone diseases are ...osteoporosis and Paget's, two of the most frequently found diseases in the elderly. Nowadays, a combination of multiple drugs is the optimal therapy to decelerate osteoporosis and Paget's pathologic process, which comes with various underlying adverse effects due to drug‐drug interactions (DDIs). Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to evaluate the interaction, pharmacodynamics, and possible side effects between drugs. In this research, we created an AI‐based machine‐learning model to predict the outcomes of interactions between drugs used for osteoporosis and Paget's treatment, which helps mitigate the cost and time to implement the best combination of medications in clinical practice. In this study, a DDI dataset was collected from the DrugBank database within the osteoporosis and Paget diseases. We then extracted a variety of chemical features from the simplified molecular‐input line‐entry system (SMILES) of defined drug pairs that interact with each other. Finally, machine‐learning algorithms were implemented to learn the extracted features. Our stack ensemble model from Random Forest and XGBoost reached an average accuracy of 74 % in predicting DDIs. It was superior to individual models as well as previous methods in terms of most measurement metrics. This study showed the potential of AI models in predicting DDIs of Osteoporosis‐Paget's disease in particular, and other diseases in general.
This paper gives some results related to the research problem about infinite-dimensional affine variational inequalities raised by N.D. Yen and X. Yang Affine variational inequalities on normed ...spaces, J. Optim. Theory Appl. 178 (2018), 36-55. Namely, we obtain local error bounds for affine variational inequalities on Hilbert spaces. To do so, we revisit two fundamental properties of polyhedral mappings. Then, we prove a locally upper Lipschitz property of the inverse of the residual mapping of the infinite-dimensional affine variational inequality under consideration. Finally, we derive the desired local error bounds from that locally upper Lipschitz property.
An effective adsorbent of methylene blue was synthesized from coal fly ash (FA; waste material from a coal power plant) by a denaturing process with an alkaline solution at 90 °C. The denatured fly ...ash (D-FA) has a surface area and pore volume of 66.39 m
g
and 15.33 cm
g
, respectively, whereas the values of the original FA are negligible,
, 3.55 m
g
and 0.02 cm
g
. The removal of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution by D-FA was increased in the range of initial MB concentration (10-20 mg L
); contact time (0-120 min); pH (2-8); D-FA dosage (1-4 g L
). However, a larger value of those operational parameters would not improve the removal activity. Furthermore, the methylene blue adsorption on the denatured FA was fitted with the Langmuir model with
= 0.9991; the maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 28.65 mg g
from the model. Overall, the highest removal efficiency of MB using D-FA with the dosage of 4 g L
was 97.1% in 30 mg L
solution of methylene blue at pH = 7. The alkaline hydrothermal denaturation of waste FA is a promising approach to produce an adsorbent with beneficial environmental engineering applications.
•Some advantages of the LSE: high flexibility, saving time, objectivity, accuracy.•It has useful supporting tools as such the sensitive analysis, validation etc.•It is applied for land suitability ...evaluation at regional scale.•It operates based on the raster data structure.
Land suitability evaluation has been considered one of the viable approaches for limiting conflicts regarding agricultural land use and stabilizing specialized croplands for the sustainable development of mountainous regions. There are various land assessment tools that have been applied worldwide. Recently, new software called LSE (Land Suitability Evaluation) was developed and applied. This article aimed to assess the performance of LSE and the automated land evaluation system (ALES) software by comparing the results generated from ALES and LSE. This study was carried out to compare and verify the outputs of ALES and LSE software in determining the appropriate lands for orange and tea cultivation in western Nghe An, Vietnam. Fifteen ecological criteria were used to evaluate the land suitability for orange cultivation, and 10 ecological criteria were used to evaluate land suitability for tea cultivation. The study results show that the land evaluation process of LSE software has some outstanding advantages, such as high flexibility, time savings, and higher objectivity, confidence and accuracy. It is a new tool for land evaluators, scientists, and managers to use in determining land suitability and land use planning. The overall land suitability evaluation revealed that lands very suitable for orange cultivation cover 64,505.9 ha and that those suitable for tea plantation cover 69,388.8 ha, fully meeting the regional cultivation planning up to 2030 in the western Nghe An region.
•“dsbandrepair” a Monte Carlo simulation tool based on Geant-DNA toolkit.•Calculation of DSB yields and biological endpoints for alpha, proton, and x-ray irradiations.•Calculation of DSB yields, ...survival probabilities and fraction of un-rejoined DSBs in agreement with experimental data.
Interdisciplinary scientific communities have shown large interest to achieve a mechanistic description of radiation-induced biological damage, aiming to predict biological results produced by different radiation quality exposures. Monte Carlo track-structure simulations are suitable and reliable for the study of early DNA damage induction used as input for assessing DNA damage. This study presents the most recent improvements of a Geant4-DNA simulation tool named “dsbandrepair”.
“dsbandrepair” is a Monte Carlo simulation tool based on a previous code (FullSim) that estimates the induction of early DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs). It uses DNA geometries generated by the DNAFabric computational tool for simulating the induction of early single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs). Moreover, the new tool includes some published radiobiological models for survival fraction and un-rejoined DSB. Its application for a human fibroblast cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell containing both heterochromatin and euchromatin was conducted. In addition, this new version offers the possibility of using the new IRT-syn method for computing the chemical stage.
The direct and indirect strand breaks, SSBs, DSBs, and damage complexity obtained in this work are equivalent to those obtained with the previously published simulation tool when using the same configuration in the physical and chemical stages. Simulation results on survival fraction and un-rejoined DSB are in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
“dsbandrepair” is a tool for simulating DNA damage and repair, benchmarked against experimental data. It has been released as an advanced example in Geant4.11.2.
•Depression is a common comorbid mental disorder in people with epilepsy.•In Vietnam, the prevalence of major depression in a hospital-based sample is 25.3%.•The Vietnamese version PHQ-9 is a useful ...and valid screening tool for depression in epilepsy in busy clinic settings.
Depression is a common mental disorder in people with epilepsy. Depression has a negative impact on medical and surgical treatment of epilepsy thus affecting the quality of life. Despite its high prevalence, depression has been under-recognized and treated improperly. It may also lead to missed work, increased healthcare system utilization, and higher direct medical costs.
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the Vietnamese Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a screening tool for depression in people with epilepsy.
This cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively at epilepsy clinic at Nguyen Tri Phuong hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam from December 2019 to March 2020. A total of 91 adult people with epilepsy were recruited. After completing the Vietnamese PHQ-9 questionnaires, each participant was interviewed in a structured clinical interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) to establish a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The diagnostic accuracy of the PHQ-9 was assessed using diagnostic efficiency statistics compared with the gold standard structured interview.
The prevalence of major depression in this sample was 25.3%. The areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve index of PHQ-9 had an estimated value of 0.91. The PHQ-9 at a cutoff point of 8 had the great overall balance of sensitivity (87.0%) and specificity (82.4%). At the cutoff point of 10, PHQ-9 had a higher specificity of 94.1%, but a lower sensitivity of 78.0%.
The Vietnamese version PHQ-9 is an efficient and valid screening tool for depression in people with epilepsy in clinic settings.
Bats are a major reservoir of zoonotic viruses, including coronaviruses. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002/2003 in Asia, important efforts have been made to describe the diversity of ...Coronaviridae circulating in bats worldwide, leading to the discovery of the precursors of epidemic and pandemic sarbecoviruses in horseshoe bats. We investigated the viral communities infecting horseshoe bats living in Northern Vietnam, and report here the first identification of sarbecoviruses in Rhinolophus thomasi and Rhinolophus siamensis bats. Phylogenetic characterization of seven strains of Vietnamese sarbecoviruses identified at least three clusters of viruses. Recombination and cross-species transmission between bats seemed to constitute major drivers of virus evolution. Vietnamese sarbecoviruses were mainly enteric, therefore constituting a risk of spillover for guano collectors or people visiting caves. To evaluate the zoonotic potential of these viruses, we analyzed in silico and in vitro the ability of their RBDs to bind to mammalian ACE2s and concluded that these viruses are likely restricted to their bat hosts. The workflow applied here to characterize the spillover potential of novel sarbecoviruses is of major interest for each time a new virus is discovered, in order to concentrate surveillance efforts on high-risk interfaces.
We prove that any iterative sequence generated by the projection decomposition algorithm of Pham Dinh et al. (Optim Methods Softw 23:609–629,
2008
) in quadratic programming is bounded, provided that ...the quadratic program in question is two-dimensional and solvable.
Waste matter is an abundant source of recyclable materials. This study presented the corrosion inhibitor role of unripe banana peel extract (UBPE) for carbon steel in acidic environments: 1.0 M HCl, ...0.5 M H2SO4, and 0.5 M HCl/0.25 M H2SO4. The aim was to demonstrate the robustness of the HCl-UBPE-steel system with respect to competing ions in the solution, and as such, generalizing its mechanism. The localized corrosion in HCl, general corrosion in H2SO4, and their theoretical midpoint were, respectively, subjected to 95.91%, 83.33%, 91.50% corrosion inhibition efficiency when UBPE was added at 3000 ppm. A protective film on the steel surface was found as the cause by electrochemical characterizations and its behavior was explained via protonation of corrosion inhibitor and rust formation on steel surface undering varying acid conditions. Therefore, the work suggests UBPE as corrosion inhibitor for steel in strongly acidic conditions containing chloride and sulfate ions.Highlights Unripe banana peel – water extract (UBPWE) acts as an eco-friendly effective inhibitor for steel in aggressively acidic environments.Carbon steel exhibits more localized corrosion in HCl solution, but more general corrosion in H2SO4 condition.UBPWE performed 95.91, 83.33, and 91.50% of inhibition efficiency for steel in HCl, H2SO4, and mixed conditions.The effective inhibition performance is assigned to the presence of a protective layer on the steel surface.
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