One form of climate change vulnerability is the increase in the number, frequency and length of heat waves related to temperature rise. The protection against the health and sanitary risks of heat ...waves will pose a major challenge at national, regional, as well as local level in the future. The aim of the study is to present the main results of an assessment of climate change vulnerability conducted in a research project. Through statistical analyses, vulnerability was calculated based on the exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity at district level (LAU1), which is a complex information carrier about the vulnerability of population and institutions to heat waves. The territorial differences of vulnerability proved the West-East division of the country, but the centre-periphery relation also plays role in the development of territorial pattern. Based on statistical examinations it is ascertainable, that, in total, 42.5% of the country’s territory, where currently 39.5% of the population live, is severe and extreme vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The main results of the research can also be used as suggestions for the local decision-making related to the preparation for and adaptation to the health effects and sanitary consequences of heat waves.
This article interprets the spatial dimension of health inequalities in Hungary through the connection between unemployment and life expectancy from the national level to the level of micro-regions ...and settlements with a special emphasis on cities. The article highlights the correlation between unemployment and average life expectancy at birth based on regional statistical databases. The results of quantitative questionnaires (n = 545) and qualitative in-depth interviews (n = 26) are also presented in order to explore the effect of the crisis on urban populations residing in major Hungarian cities. The correlation between unemployment and life expectancy becomes stronger during crisis periods. Our findings indicate not only that the labour-market position and level of income are important from a health point of view, but also that the level and growth of existing social and health inequalities strengthen the effects of the crisis on health. It is evident that, in Hungary, direct effects of the crisis on health inequalities exacerbate regional differences. Cities can counterbalance the unfavourable health effects of the crisis and they may successfully contribute to decreasing health inequalities.
Mesta kot ključ do preživetja? EGEDY, Tamás; UZZOLI, Annamária
Urbani izziv,
12/2016, Letnik:
27, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Avtorja v članku obravnavata prostorsko razsežnost neenakosti v zdravju na Madžarskem na podlagi povezave med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo na državni ravni ter vse do ravni ...mikroregij in naselij, pri čemer je poseben poudarek na mestih. Poudarjata povezavo med brezposelnostjo in povprečno pričakovano življenjsko dobo ob rojstvu na podlagi regionalnih statističnih podatkovnih baz, poleg tega predstavita tudi ugotovitve kvantitativnih vprašalnikov (𝑛 = 545) in kvalitativnih poglobljenih intervjujev (𝑛 = 26). Na tej podlagi obravnavata vpliv gospodarske krize na prebivalstvo večjih madžarskih mest. Povezava med brezposelnostjo in pričakovano življenjsko dobo se v času krize poveča. Izsledki avtorjev kažejo, da sta položaj na trgu dela in raven prihodkov pomembna z vidika zdravja, raven in rast obstoječih družbenih in zdravstvenih neenakosti pa povečata tudi vpliv gospodarske krize na zdravje ljudi. Na Madžarskem neposredni vplivi gospodarske krize na neenakosti v zdravju še povečujejo regionalne razlike. Mesta lahko uravnovesijo neugodne vplive krize na zdravje in uspešno prispevajo k zniževanju neenakosti v zdravju.
This paper examines the spatial dynamics and regional distribution of the novel coronavirus epidemic in Hungary in an effort to obtain a deeper understanding of the connection between space and ...health. The paper also presents comprehensive epidemiologic data on the spatiotemporal spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the epidemic waves. Following a comparison of the growth rates of infection numbers, the current study explores the geographical dimension of the three pandemic waves. The partial transformation of spatial characteristics during the three epidemic waves is among the most important results found. While geographical hotspots influenced the first wave, newly confirmed coronavirus cases in the second and third waves were due to community-based epidemic spreading. Furthermore, the western-eastern spatial relation and the core-periphery model also affected the regional distribution of new cases and deaths in the initial two waves. However, a new spatial pattern - realised by the northern-southern spatial orientation - appeared during the third wave. The outputs of this paper offer feasible suggestions for evidence-based policymaking in pandemic prevention, mitigation, and preparedness.
In times of epidemics and humanitarian crises, it is essential to translate scientific findings into digestible information for government policy makers who have a short time to make critical ...decisions. To predict how far and fast the disease would spread across Hungary and to support the epidemiological decision-making process, a multidisciplinary research team performed a large amount of scientific data analysis and mathematical and socioeconomic modeling of the COVID-19 epidemic in Hungary, including modeling the medical resources and capacities, the regional differences, gross domestic product loss, the impact of closing and reopening elementary schools, and the optimal nationwide screening strategy for various virus-spreading scenarios and R metrics. KETLAK prepared 2 extensive reports on the problems identified and suggested solutions, and presented these directly to the National Epidemiological Policy-Making Body. The findings provided crucial data for the government to address critical measures regarding health care capacity, decide on restriction maintenance, change the actual testing strategy, and take regional economic, social, and health differences into account. Hungary managed the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic with low mortality rate. In times of epidemics, the formation of multidisciplinary research groups is essential for policy makers. The establishment, research activity, and participation in decision-making of these groups, such as KETLAK, can serve as a model for other countries, researchers, and policy makers not only in managing the challenges of COVID-19, but in future pandemics as well.
This article interprets the spatial dimension of health inequalities in Hungary through the connection between unemployment and life expectancy from the national level to the level of micro-regions ...and settlements with a special emphasis on cities. The article highlights the correlation between unemployment and average life expectancy at birth based on regional statistical databases. The results of quantitative questionnaires (n = 545) and qualitative in-depth interviews (n = 26) are also presented in order to explore the effect of the crisis on urban populations residing in major Hungarian cities. The correlation between unemployment and life expectancy becomes stronger during crisis periods. Our findings indicate not only that the labour-market position and level of income are important from a health point of view, but also that the level and growth of existing social and health inequalities strengthen the effects of the crisis on health. It is evident that, in Hungary, direct effects of the crisis on health inequalities exacerbate regional differences. Cities can counterbalance the unfavourable health effects of the crisis and they may successfully contribute to decreasing health inequalities.
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