Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic, progressive, cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection following the traumatic implantation of certain dematiaceous fungi. The disease has worldwide ...prevalence with predominant cases reported from humid tropical and subtropical regions of America, Asia, and Africa. Diagnosis is often delayed or misdirected either due to poor degree of clinical suspicions or clinical simulation of dermatological conditions. The infection is not uncommon in India and several case reports from the sub-Himalayan belt and western and eastern coasts of India have been published; however, very few have reviewed the cases. We reviewed 169 cases published in English literature from India during 1957 through May 2016, including 2 recent cases from our institute. A tremendous increase in the number of reported cases was noticed since 2012, since which, more than 50% of the cases had been published. A majority of the patients (74.1%) were involved in various agricultural activities directly or indirectly. The mean age at presentation was 43.3 years ± 16.0, with male to female ratio of 4.2:1. The duration of disease at the time of presentation varied from 20 days to 35 years. Any history of trauma was recalled only in 33.8% of the studied cases. The lower extremity was the most common site afflicted, followed by the upper extremity. The culture was positive in 80.3% of the cases with Fonsecaea pedrosoi, isolated as the most common fungal pathogen, followed by Cladophialophora carrionii. Although all the commercially available antifungals were prescribed in these cases, itraconazole and terbinafine were the most commonly used, either alone or in combination with other drugs/physical methods, with variable degrees of outcome. Combinations of different treatment modalities (chemotherapy and physical methods) yielded a cure rate of 86.3%. CBM is refractory to treatment and no single antifungal agent or regimen has demonstrated satisfactory results. Increased awareness with early clinical suspicion of the disease and adequate therapy are necessary to improve the outcome. However, depending upon the causative agent, disease severity, and the choice of antifungals, variable outcomes can be observed.
Let
F
be a smooth Riemann surface foliation on
M
\
E
, where
M
is a complex manifold and the singular set
E
⊂
M
is an analytic set of codimension at least two. Fix a hermitian metric on
M
and assume ...that all leaves of
F
are hyperbolic. Verjovsky’s modulus of uniformization
η
is a positive real function defined on
M
\
E
defined in terms of the family of holomorphic maps from the unit disc
D
into the leaves of
F
and is a measure of the largest possible derivative in the class of such maps. Various conditions are known that guarantee the continuity of
η
on
M
\
E
. The main question that is addressed here is its continuity at points of
E
. To do this, we adapt Whitney’s
C
4
-tangent cone construction for analytic sets to the setting of foliations and use it to define the tangent cone of
F
at points of
E
. This leads to the definition of a foliation that is of
transversal type
at points of
E
. It is shown that the map
η
associated to such foliations is continuous at
E
provided that it is continuous on
M
\
E
and
F
is of transversal type. We also present observations on the locus of discontinuity of
η
. Finally, for a domain
U
⊂
M
, we consider
F
U
, the restriction of
F
to
U
and the corresponding positive function
η
U
. Using the transversality hypothesis leads to strengthened versions of the results of Lins Neto–Martins on the variation
U
↦
η
U
.
A retrospective study of inpatient mortality in dermatology Sindhuja, Tekumalla; Bhagwat, Abhishek; Verma, Kaushal K. ...
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,
August 2024, Letnik:
38, Številka:
8
Journal Article
On the Squeezing Function and Fridman Invariants Nikolov, Nikolai; Verma, Kaushal
Journal of geometric analysis/The Journal of geometric analysis,
04/2020, Letnik:
30, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
For a domain
D
⊂
C
n
, the relationship between the squeezing function and the Fridman invariants is clarified. Furthermore, localization properties of these functions are obtained. As applications, ...some known results concerning their boundary behavior are extended.
Grauert showed that it is possible to construct complete Kähler metrics on the complement of complex analytic sets in a domain of holomorphy. In this note, we study the holomorphic sectional ...curvatures of such metrics on the complement of a principal divisor in
C
n
,
n
≥
1
. In addition, we also study how this metric and its holomorphic sectional curvature behave when the corresponding principal divisors vary continuously.
Azathioprine, a purine synthesis inhibitor is widely used as an effective immunosuppressant in several immune mediated diseases, usually in a dose of 2 to 2.5 mg/kg per day. The pulse dose of ...azathioprine is an unique once weekly dosing regimen, which has been used as an alternative to daily dose regimen in some immune mediated dermatologic disorders. In this review, we looked at a specific dosing regimen, “weekly azathioprine pulse” with respect to its efficacy and safety in the treatment of dermatologic diseases. We performed a literature search for studies on azathioprine weekly pulse in dermatology in various scientific databases using keywords “azathioprine‐pulse”, “dermatology”, “weekly azathioprine”, and so on. Dosing regimens, indications, efficacy, monitoring, and side effect profile as described in these studies were recorded. Evidence level of the regimens used in various indications was also calculated. We could find six published studies using azathioprine weekly pulse, of which three were randomized comparative clinical trials. Azathioprine pulse was administered in a dose of 300 mg (6 tablets of 50 mg each) every week in all the studies. It has been found to be effective in management of contact dermatitis due to parthenium (IB), chronic plaque psoriasis (IIB), and alopecia areata (IB). Adverse effect profile was found to be almost similar to daily azathioprine. Weekly azathioprine pulse, therefore, appears to be an effective and safe alternative to daily azathioprine in the management of immune mediated disorders in dermatology. Although studies are limited, this regimen seems promising and further studies are warranted.
Given a pair of smoothly bounded domains
D
1
,
D
2
⊂
C
, the purpose of this paper is to obtain an inequality that relates the Carathéodory metrics on
D
1
,
D
2
,
D
1
∩
D
2
and
D
1
∪
D
2
.
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