Varaždin pumpkin seed oil is a virgin edible oil obtained by roasting and mechanically pressing dry pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). The aroma is dominated by a sense of toastiness interwoven with ...a specific nutty taste without any foreign or rancid smell or taste. It is dark green to black in colour with a reddish glow. It is characterized by fragrant, spicy notes and a well-balanced bouquet. The basic quality chemical parameters of Varaždin pumpkin seed oil monitored over the past eight years show that the proportion of free fatty acids (expressed as oleic) is less than 1%, which indicates good quality of the raw material and the applied oil production technology. The peroxide value is less than 4 mmol O2/kg, which is an indicator of good oxidation stability of the oil during its storage. The average value of the representation of unsaturated fatty acids is more than 80%, and variations in the fatty acid composition are the result of specific climatic conditions occuring in the year of growing and harvesting pumpkins.
The authenticity of genotypes of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba) cultivar ‘Varaždinski’, which originate from three eco-geographical regions, has been evaluated using ...molecular (RAPD) and chemometric approach. RAPD analyses confirmed intra-cultivar variability depending on the seed origin. At least three clusters were distinguished and organized in two groups and one subgroup (groups I and HR with subgroup SLO), which are mainly in agreement with eco-geographical location of the seed producers. Phytochemical analysis showed statistically significant variations in pigment and polyphenolic contents as well as in antioxidant capacities of the selected genotypes. The principle component analysis (PCA) visualized relationship among genotypes, phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity. It revealed that the first two components represented 87% of the total variability in investigated parameters. Accordingly, genotypes were clustered in agreement with eco-geographical regions of seed producers. Analysis of seed storage proteins did not show significant differences among genotypes of interest. The authenticity of selected genotypes of white cabbage cv. ‘Varaždinski’ was discussed based on the molecular and phytochemical diversity.
•6 cabbage genotypes cv. Varaždinski were analyzed by genetic and chemometric approach.•RAPD revealed 3 clusters correlating with geographical location of seed origin.•PCA visualized correlation between phytochemical parameters and genotypes.•Results confirmed intra-cultivar diversity of cv. Varaždinski considering seed origin.
Because of its high market value, pumpkin seed oil is occasionally adulterated by cheaper refined oils, usually sunflower oil. The standard method for detecting its authenticity is based on expensive ...and laborious determination of the sterol composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the sterol content and authenticity of retail oils labelled as pumpkin seed oil and also to investigate the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and colourimetry in detecting adulteration. The results show that due to the significant decrease in Δ7-sterols and increase in Δ5-sterols, 48% of the analysed oils can be declared as adulterated blends of pumpkin seed and sunflower oil. Significant differences in NIR spectroscopy data, in the range of 904-922 nm and 1675-1699 nm, and colourimetric data were found between the control pumpkin seed oil and sunflower oil, but only the NIR method had the potential to detect the authenticity of pumpkin seed oil, which was confirmed by principal component analysis. Orthogonal projection on latent structures (OPLS) discriminant analysis, resulted in working classification models that were able to discriminate pure and adulterated oil. OPLS models based on NIR spectra were also able to successfully predict the content of β-sitosterol and Δ7,22-stigmastadienol in the analysed oils.
Agricultural biodiversity is the result of the interaction between genetic resources, environment and management systems and practices used by farmers, i.e. the result of natural selection and human ...invention developed over the millennia. In the context of the relationship and importance of the interdependence of nature and Agricultural biodiversity, a positive interrelationship between the Nature Park as a protected natural whole and agricultural biodiversity as the foundation of sustainable agricultural activity according to the principles of organic agriculture is developing. In the area of nature parks, it is possible to implement projects related to the preservation of traditional cultures, as do some current nature parks, and domestic animal breeds, which contribute to the sustainability of rural areas. Such projects include activities related to the preservation and revitalization of traditional forms of agriculture.
Značaj lokalne proizvodnje hrane Vincek, Dragutin; Ernoić, Miljenko
Radovi Zavoda za znanstveni rad, Varaždin,
12/2016
27
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Local food is often referred to as home food. In fact, in the strict sense, it is about the food that is produced right next to the point of sale, mainly in a direct way by the producers themselves ...without a mediator in sales. In a broader sense, local food means a food production at the local and regional area for a larger population of people, which can be locally processed, and thus has a multiplier effect on the local community because it creates employment opportunities. In Varazdin County daily consumed food is valued at around € 736,000 or about 5.4 million kuna. Since the Croatian are food dependent country, at least 50% of food is imported, which means that around 2.7 million kuna per day was pay for the products that can generally be produced by themselves. On a yearly basis it is nearly one billion of the new kuna on the small area such as a county. The most interesting fact is that we do not need large investments for local food production because we have the resource base (agriculture land) right near us. According to some statistics, the added value of agricultural production is about 50%, compared to the price payed by customers. It is due to the impact of soil, water, climate, air, etc., increased the value of product and most importantly all these influences are free.
Fixed effects in the model for backfat thickness and the time on test were evaluated. Data records from large scale farm in period from January 1998 to December 2007 were analyzed. Two models were ...developed. Fixed effects of genotype, season and weight were included in the model for backfat thickness. The model for time on test was simpler than model for backfat thickness, containing only fixed effects of genotype and season. Choice of the model was based on coefficient of regression and degrees of freedom. The model for backfat thickness explained 56% of the variability, while the model for time on test explained 65% of variability. The results of this investigation will be useful in future development of the model for prediction of breeding values for gilts in field test.
•Pumpkin seed oil fatty acids are significantly influenced by climate and processing.•Roasting increases the amount of trans fatty acids in pumpkin seed oil.•Palmitoleic acid should be included in ...authenticity provisions for pumpkin seed oil.
Roasted and cold-pressed pumpkin seed oil obtained from pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo, L.) from the 2010/2011 to 2012/2013 crop seasons were analyzed to determine the basic quality parameters (free fatty acids and peroxide value) as well as content of cis and trans fatty acids. Free fatty acids and peroxide values were within the legal limits in all except one of the roasted samples and were influenced by climate conditions of a particular crop season, while the significance of influences due to processing conditions was not determined. Gas chromatography revealed a total of 12 cis and 3 trans fatty acids in pumpkin seed oil. The dominant fatty acids in all seed oil samples were linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic (98.8±0.18%). Their content was significantly affected by the crop season and processing. Higher amounts of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were noted in oil from a crop season with higher air temperature and in cold-pressed oil. All pumpkin seed oil contained palmitoleic fatty acid (0.10–0.14%) which is listed as “not detected” in the authenticity requirements for pumpkin seed oil in regulations of various EU countries. The content of trans fatty acids was significantly higher in roasted seed oil (0.03%–0.39%) than in cold-pressed oil (0.03%–0.05%).
The present study was aimed at the estimation of heavy metal content in vegetables sold at the city market of one of the densely populated Croatian cities, Varaždin, and to establish the relationship ...between their levels and possible sources of contamination. Twenty-eight samples of the most common diet vegetables (red and white potato, onion, carrot, common bean, lettuce, and cabbage) were randomly bought at the market in September and October 2013. Using the atomic absorption spectrometry method, concentrations of nine heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were measured in the selected samples. The results showed that, in five out of 28 samples analysed, six concentrations exceeded the maximum levels provided for in the regulations: five for Pb and one for Cd. Maximum regulated levels for Pb were exceeded in two samples of red potato, two samples of common bean, and one sample of carrot (17.9 %), and for Cd in a sample of red potato (3.6 %). In conclusion, the cause of the overstepping of the maximum levels for Pb and Cd in the vegetables analysed was most likely the contaminated soil. The possible sources of soil contamination include traffic, nearby industry, floodwaters of rivers and streams, and the use of pesticides and fertilisers in agricultural production.
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