Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most prevalent oral mucosal diseases, but there is no cure for OLP yet. The aim of this study was to gain insights into the role of barrier dysfunction and ...infection in OLP pathogenesis through analysis of transcriptome datasets available in public databases. Two transcriptome datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed as whole and as partial sets after removing outliers. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated in the dataset of OLP versus healthy epithelium were significantly enriched in epidermal development, keratinocyte differentiation, keratinization, responses to bacterial infection, and innate immune response. In contrast, the upregulated DEGs in the dataset of the mucosa predominantly reflected chemotaxis of immune cells and inflammatory/immune responses. Forty-three DEGs overlapping in the two datasets were identified after removing outliers from each dataset. The overlapping DEGs included genes associated with hyperkeratosis (upregulated LCE3E and TMEM45A), wound healing (upregulated KRT17, IL36G, TNC, and TGFBI), barrier defects (downregulated FRAS1 and BCL11A), and response to infection (upregulated IL36G, ADAP2, DFNA5, RFTN1, LITAF, and TMEM173). Immunohistochemical examination of IL-36γ, a protein encoded by one of the DEGs IL36G, in control (n = 7) and OLP (n = 25) tissues confirmed the increased expression of IL-36γ in OLP. Collectively, we identified gene signatures associated with hyperkeratosis, wound healing, barrier defects, and response to infection in OLP. IL-36γ, a cytokine involved in both wound repair and antimicrobial defense, may be a possible therapeutic target in OLP.
Abstract It has long been considered that the oral microbiome is tightly connected to oral health and that dysbiotic changes can be detrimental to the occurrence and progression of dysplastic oral ...mucosal lesions or oral cancer. Improved understanding of the concepts of microbial dysbiosis together with advances in high‐throughput molecular sequencing of these pathologies have charted in greater microbiological detail the nature of their clinical state. This review discusses the bacteriome and mycobiome associated with oral mucosal lesions, oral candidiasis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to delineate the information available to date in pursuit of advancing diagnostic and prognostic utilities for oral medicine.
To evaluate the association between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and oral health indicators including dental status, total occlusion force (TOF), number of natural and rehabilitated ...teeth (NRT), number of natural teeth (NT), and to explore the effect modification on the association by gender among Korean elders.
A total of 675 participants aged 65 or above recruited by a cluster-based stratified random sampling were included in this cross-sectional study. The 14-items Korean version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) was used to measure OHRQoL. The responses about OHIP were dichotomized by the cut-off point of 'fairly often' to determine the 'poor' versus 'fair' OHRQoL. Age, gender, education level, alcohol drinking, smoking, metabolic syndrome, frailty, and periodontitis were considered as confounders. Multiple multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to assess the adjusted association between oral health indicators and OHRQoL. Gender stratified analysis was also applied to explore the effect modification of the association.
The prevalence of poor OHRQoL was 43.0%, which was higher in women, less-educated elders, alcohol non-drinkers and frailty elders (p < 0.05). Elders with poor OHRQoL also showed lower values of oral health indicators than elders with fair OHRQoL (p < 0.05). Those with NRT ≤ 24, NT ≤ 14, and TOF < 330 N increased the risk of poor OHRQoL by 2.3 times (OR = 2.26, confidence interval CI 1.54-3.31), 1.5 times (OR = 1.45, CI 1.02-2.07), and 1.5 times (OR = 1.47, CI 1.06-2.04), respectively. In women, the association of NRT ≤ 24 with poor OHRQoL increased from OR of 2.3 to OR of 2.4, while, in men, the association of TOF < 330 N with poor OHRQoL increased from OR of 1.5 to OR of 3.2.
Oral health indicators consisting of TOF, NRT, and NT were independently associated with poor OHRQoL among Korean elders. Gender modified the association of TOF and NRT. Preventive and/or curative management for keeping natural teeth and the rehabilitation of missing teeth to recover the occlusal force may be essential for reducing poor OHRQoL.
Hướng nghiên cứu mới của bài viết là sự ổn định vi phân của bài toán điều khiển tối ưu có tham số cho phương trình vi phân đạo hàm riêng elliptic nửa tuyến tính với ràng buộc biên trơn. Các kết quả ...mới của bài báo bao gồm các công thức tính toán chính xác đối đạo hàm Fréchet và đối đạo hàm Mordukhovich của toán tử ràng buộc với tập ràng buộc biên trơn có nhiễu, và công thức tính toán/ đánh giá dưới vi phân Fréchet (dưới vi phân chính quy) của hàm giá trị tối ưu của bài toán điều khiển tối ưu có tham số với ràng buộc biên trơn.
The present study focused on the synthesis of novel NH2-PC700 adsorbent through the pyrolysis of NH2-MIL-88B (Fe) material under different pyrolysis temperatures (500, 700, and 900 °C) and ...investigated its application for ciprofloxacin adsorption. The obtained adsorbents were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm measurements. The parameters of the adsorption experiments that affect the removal efficiency, including solution pH (3–10), contact time (0–240 min), and initial concentration (10–40 mg/L), were also studied in detail. For the adsorption kinetic and isotherm studies, nonlinear models combined with error functions such as adjusted coefficient of determination (Radj2), mean relative error (MRE), and squares of the errors (SSE) were used to evaluate the compatibility between kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and Bangham) and isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevitch) adsorption equations. Besides, the role of amino functionalization for the ciprofloxacin (CFX) adsorption of NH2-PC700 adsorbent was also explained. Through the Langmuir model, the maximum CFX adsorption capacity of NH2-PC700 was calculated to be 102.5 mg/g, considerably higher than that of NH2-MIL-88B (Fe). This outcome suggested that NH2-PC700 could be a promising adsorbent for the CFX remediation.
•The novel NH2-PC700 was synthesized from amino-functionalized metal-organic frameworks.•Nonlinear kinetic and isotherm models were fitted well.•Adsorption behavior obeyed pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models.•The maximum ciprofloxacin adsorption capacity was calculated to be 102.5 mg/g.
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We report on an outbreak of nongroupable Neisseria meningitidis–associated urethritis, primarily among men who have sex with men in southern Vietnam. Nearly 50% of N. meningitidis isolates were ...resistant to ciprofloxacin. This emerging pathogen should be considered in the differential diagnosis and management of urethritis.
The selective expression of CD137 on cells of the immune system (e.g., T and DC cells) and oncogenic cells in several types of cancer leads this molecule to be an attractive target to discover cancer ...immunotherapy. Therefore, specific antibodies against CD137 are being studied and developed aiming to activate and enhance anti-cancer immune responses as well as suppress oncogenic cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that anti-CD137 antibodies can be used separately to prevent tumor in some cases, while in other cases, these antibodies need to be co-administered with other antibodies or drugs/vaccines/regents for a better performance. Thus, in this work, we aim to update and discuss current knowledge about anti-cancer effects of anti-CD137 antibodies as mono- and combined-immunotherapies.
For years, agrochemical fertilizers have been used in agriculture for crop production. However, intensive utilization of chemical fertilizers is not an ecological and environmental choice since they ...are destroying soil health and causing an emerging threat to agricultural production on a global scale. Under the circumstances of the increasing utilization of chemical fertilizers, cultivating microalgae to produce biofertilizers would be a wise solution since desired environmental targets will be obtained including (1) replacing chemical fertilizer while improving crop yields and soil health; (2) reducing the harvest of non-renewable elements from limited natural resources for chemical fertilizers production, and (3) mitigating negative influences of climate change through CO2 capture through microalgae cultivation. Recent improvements in microalgae-derived-biofertilizer-applied agriculture will be summarized in this review article. At last, the recent challenges of applying biofertilizers will be discussed as well as the perspective regarding the concept of circular bio-economy and sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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•Microalgae-based biofertilizer is an alternative solution to sustainable agriculture.•Microalgae-based biofertilizer could enhance the crop productivity and soil quality.•CO2 capture could be solved through microalgae-based application processes.•The production cost of a large-scale biofertilizer should be considered.
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