Background： The prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip （DDH） is unknown in China. We aimed to determine the prevalence of DDH in Chinese adults. Methods： In this study, we performed a ...cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults. All participants underwent questionnaire investigation, physical examination, and X-ray examination. Factors associated with DDH were analyzed with logistic regression. Results： We invited 29,180 individuals aged 18 years and over to participate, randomly selected from 18 primary sampling units （street districts in urban areas and townships in rural areas）. The survey and examination were completed in 25,767 people （I 0,296 men and 15,471 women）. DDH was diagnosed in 391 people, yielding an overall DDH prevalence of 1.52%. Based on this information, we estimate the number of individuals with DDH in China to be approximately 16.05 million. DDH prevalence increased with age （odds ratio = 1.53 1 .03-2.27, P = 0.036）, was significantly higher among women than men （2.07% vs. 0.75%, P 〈 0.001）, and was higher among rural residents than urban residents （1.75% vs. 1.29%, P 〈 0.001）. Economic development was independently associated with the presence of DDH. There was no evidence of an association between body mass index alone, education~ or current smoking or drinking and risk of DDH （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： DDH has become an important public health problem. Special attention should be paid to residents with DDH. Screening for DDH should be performed in China.
This study investigated the adverse effect of surface ozone on the maize yield using a unique panel from 880 counties in China. To identify the impact of elevated surface ozone concentrations, we ...constructed an econometric model by controlling the impact of climate variables and related economic variables. This study also considered the potential spatial correlation in the measurement of the impact of surface ozone on maize yield. Results confirmed that the increase of ozone concentration decreased the maize yield. Moreover, maize was found to be the most sensitive to ozone at the end of the second month of the growing season. The average annual loss of maize caused by ozone pollution is about 4.234 million tons in 2013–2015, accounting for 1.9% of the average output.
Background:
An increased femoral anteversion angle (FAA) is a predisposing factor for recurrent patellar dislocations (RPDs), and combined procedures including derotational distal femoral osteotomy ...(DDFO) have been shown to be good options.
Purpose:
To investigate the safety and effectiveness of combined DDFO on clinical and radiological outcomes to treat RPDs with an increased FAA.
Study Design:
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
Methods:
This review was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. We searched 7 databases for articles from inception to March 10, 2023, that reported outcomes after combined DDFO in patients with an RPD and increased FAA. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Outcomes evaluated were functional scores, redislocation rates, complications, satisfaction, and radiological parameters. A meta-analysis was performed to pool functional scores, with data reported as mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results:
Included were 8 studies of 189 knees from 183 patients, with a mean patient age of 22.4 years and a mean follow-up of 33.4 months. The mean preoperative FAA ranged from 31° to 42.70°, and the mean postoperative FAA ranged from 10° to 19.08°. Significant improvements were found in the Kujala score (MD, 26.96 95% CI, 23.54 to 30.37), Lysholm score (MD, 26.17 95% CI, 22.13 to 30.22), visual analog scale score for pain (MD, –2.61 95% CI, –3.12 to –2.10), and Tegner activity score (MD, 1.33 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.79). No subluxation or redislocation occurred. The overall complication rate was 10.6%, and most of the complications were pain (60%) and limited knee activity (20%). The overall satisfaction rate was 83.3%. The patellar tilt angle significantly decreased from 40.7° ± 11.9° to 20.5° ± 8.7° and from 26.35° ± 6.86° to 11.65° ± 2.85° in 2 studies.
Conclusion:
Combined DDFO was found to be safe and effective for the treatment of RPDs and an increased FAA by addressing both patellar dislocations and torsional malalignment. However, because of the lack of comparisons, it remains to be investigated when DDFO should be combined in such patients.
•This study applied an occpational stress survey tool for emergency nurses to specifically analyze the sources of stress.•The job involvement, team resilience and work shift were influencing factors ...of the level of occupational stress.•Nursing managers can start with improving nurses' job involvement and enhancing the resilience of nursing teams, and formulate measures to reduce work stress.
The occupational stress of clinical nurses has drawn increasing attention. It has been proven that occupational stress is related to job involvement, and job involvement affects team resilience. However, research on the relationship between emergency nurses’ occupational stress, job involvement and team resilience is lacking.
To explore relationships between occupational stress, job involvement, and team resilience among a sample of emergency nurses and determined significant influencing factors of occupational stress in emergency departments.
In four hospitals in Shandong, China, 187 emergency room nurses participated in a study. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Chinese version of the Stressors Scale for Emergency Nurses, and a scale for evaluating the team resilience of medical professionals were used to collect data.
The overall occupational stress score of nurses working in the emergency departments in Shandong province was 81.07 ± 25.80. The results of Single-factor analysis demonstrated that the scores indicating the occupational stress for emergency nurses differed significantly with respect to age, education level, marital status, children, professional title, work experience and work shift (P < 0.05). Additionally, there is a negative correlation between job involvement and team resilience and occupational stress. Multiple linear regression results showed that the job involvement, team resilience and work shift were statistically significant influencing factors of the level of occupational stress (change R2 = 17.5 %, F = 5.386, P < 0.001).
Stronger team resilience and more active job involvement resulted in lower occupational stress levels experienced by emergency nurses.
Background:
Surgical correction for recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) can improve femoral trochlear morphology; nonetheless, the effects of surgical correction on femoral condyle morphology are ...unclear.
Purpose:
To investigate the morphological changes in the posterior femoral condyle in skeletally immature patients with RPD and trochlear dysplasia (TD) after surgical correction.
Study Design:
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
A total of 20 skeletally immature patients with bilateral RPD and TD were included in this study. For each patient, the knee that was dislocated more frequently or had sustained a recent injury was treated with medial patellar retinaculum plasty (group S; n = 20 knees), and the asymptomatic or only occasionally dislocated contralateral knee was treated conservatively (group C; n = 20 knees). The lengths of the anterior medial and lateral femoral condyles and the lengths of the posterior medial and lateral femoral condyles were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Trochlear morphological characteristics, tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, and patellar tilt angle were compared between preoperative and final follow-up values with the 2-sample paired Student t test and were compared between groups S and C with the independent-samples t test.
Results:
The mean follow-up time was 60.7 ± 4.8 months. No knee in group S experienced a redislocation, whereas 80% (16/20) of knees in group C experienced a dislocation. There were significant group differences in the ratio of the posterior medial femoral condyle (PMFC) to the posterior lateral femoral condyle (PLFC) (group S, 1.08 ± 0.05; group C, 1.14 ± 0.06; P = .042). There was no significant difference in the ratio of the anterior lateral femoral condyle to the anterior medial femoral condyle (group S, 1.16 ± 0.13; group C, 1.18 ± 0.09; P = .635). In group S, all trochlear morphological characteristics and patellofemoral joint characteristics improved compared with preoperatively (P≤ .047 for all). In addition, all values significantly differed between groups S and C at the final follow-up (P≤ .044 for all).
Conclusion:
The study findings demonstrated that the morphology of the posterior femoral condyle in skeletally immature patients with bilateral RPD and TD changes after surgical correction, with the PLFC growing faster than the PMFC.
To solve the synchronisation problem associated with fractional‐order hyperchaotic systems, in this study, a new dual‐neural network finite‐time sliding mode control method was developed, and a ...differential evolution algorithm was used to optimise the switching gain, control parameters, and sliding mode surface parameters, greatly reducing chattering problems in sliding mode controllers. By using the developed method, the complete synchronisation of the drive system and the response system of a fractional‐order hyperchaotic system was realised in a finite time; moreover, the stability of the error system under this method was proved by using Lyapunov stability theorem. Numerical simulation results verified the feasibility and superiority of the method.
In this study, a new dual‐neural network finite‐time sliding mode control method was developed, and a differential evolution algorithm was used to optimize the switching gain, control parameters, and sliding mode surface parameters, greatly reducing chattering problems in sliding mode controllers.
With the increasing utilization of clean energy, the development and utilization of hydrogen energy has become a research topic of great significance. Cobalt selenide (CS) is an electrocatalyst with ...great potential for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this paper, a nitrogen-doped biomass carbon (1NC@3)-based composite cobalt selenide (CS) heterojunction was prepared via a solvothermal method using kelp as the raw material. Structural, morphological, and electrochemical analyses were conducted to evaluate its performance. The electrochemical test results demonstrate that the overpotential of the CS/1NC@3 catalyst in the OER process was 292 mV, with a Tafel slope of 98.71 mV·dec−1 at a current density of 10 mA·cm−2. The electrochemical performance of the CS/1NC@3 catalyst was further confirmed by theoretical calculations, which revealed that the presence of the biomass carbon substrate enhanced the charge transport speed of the OER process and promoted the OER process. This study provides a promising strategy for the development of efficient electrocatalysts for OER applications.
In this study, we proposed a sliding mode control method based on fixed-time sliding mode surface for the synchronization of uncertain fractional-order hyperchaotic systems. In addition, we proposed ...a novel self-evolving non-singleton-interval type-2 probabilistic fuzzy neural network (SENSIT2PFNN) to estimate the uncertain dynamics of the system. Moreover, an adaptive compensator was designed to eliminate the influences of random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty, thereby yielding an asymptotically stable controlled system. Furthermore, an adaptive law was introduced to optimize the consequence parameters of SENSIT2PFNN. The membership layer and rule base of SENSIT2PFNN were optimized using the self-evolving algorithm and whale optimization algorithm, respectively. The simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed methods for the synchronization of uncertain fractional-order hyperchaotic systems.
Influenza-related hospitalizations impose a considerable economic and social burden. This study aimed to better understand the economic burden of influenza-related hospitalizations among patients in ...China in different age and risk categories.
Laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations between December 2009 and June 2011 from three hospitals participating in the Chinese Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) sentinel surveillance system were included in this study. Hospital billing data were collected from each hospital's Hospital Information System (HIS) and divided into five cost categories. Demographic and clinical information was collected from medical records. Mean (range) and median (interquartile range IQR) costs were calculated and compared among children (≤15 years), adults (16-64 years) and elderly (≥65 years) groups. Factors influencing cost were analyzed.
A total of 106 laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalizations were identified, 60% of which were children. The mean (range) direct medical cost was $1,797 ($80-$27,545) for all hospitalizations, and the median (IQR) direct medical cost was $231 ($164), $854 ($890), and $2,263 ($7,803) for children, adults, and elderly, respectively. Therapeutics and diagnostics were the two largest components of direct medical cost, comprising 57% and 23%, respectively. Cost of physician services was the lowest at less than 1%.
Direct medical cost of influenza-related hospitalizations imposes a heavy burden on patients and their families in China. Further study is needed to provide more comprehensive evidence on the economic burden of influenza. Our study highlights the need to increase vaccination rate and develop targeted national preventive strategies.
Metabolic reprogramming is a feature of cancer cells and crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. Interferon-γ (IFNγ) is a cytokine that plays a pivotal role in host antitumor immunity. However, ...little is known about the roles of metabolic reprogramming in immune responses. Here, we show that colon cancer cells reprogram metabolism to coordinate proper cellular responses to IFNγ by downregulating mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC)1 and 2 via STAT3 signaling. Forced overexpression of MPC promote the production of reactive oxygen species and enhance the apoptosis induced by IFNγ in colon cancer cells. Moreover, inhibiting STAT3 sensitize the antitumor efficacy of IFN-γ against colon cancer cells. Our findings present a previously unrecognized mechanism that colon cancer manipulate to resist IFNγ mediated antitumor immunity that have implications for targeting a unique aspect of this disease.
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