With the rapid development of China’s transportation network, the demand for bridge construction is increasing, the traffic volume is increasing yearly, and the average vehicle speed and the ...frequency of overloaded vehicles crossing bridges are soaring. When a vehicle passes over a highway bridge, it can easily form a coupling vibration between the vehicle and bridge due to the excitation of the expansion joint, the unevenness of the bridge deck, and the existing coating-hole. The impact effect is significant, which seriously affects the operation safety of both the vehicle and bridge, seriously damaging the service life of the bridge. Due to the influence of construction technology, it is common for the vibration to meet transverse and longitudinal expansion joints of a prefabricated girder bridge, where an aging bridge deck frequently results in bulges and potholes in asphalt pavement. The bridge vibration amplification effect under the dynamic load of heavy, high-speed vehicles is significant, and research about the large impact coefficient of bridges with local pavement deterioration is urgently needed. This study used SIMULINK simulation software and involved conducting several bridge model tests. Dynamic simulation analyses and running vehicle tests on scaled and real bridge models were carried out to study the coupling vibration response of bridge decks in the presence of different pothole sizes. The results show that the impact effect of low-speed vehicles passing through a larger-sized pothole is relatively significant, and the impact coefficient can be amplified to 214% of the original value under good road surfaces in extreme cases. The vehicle–bridge coupling impact effect of potholes is similar to bulges. This relevant work could provide suggestions for the operational performance evaluation and maintenance of bridges with local pavement deterioration.
The Jinchanghe Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit is a representative distal skarn deposit in the Baoshan block. Due to limited research on the sources of ore-forming metals and trace elemental geochemistry ...of sulfides, the sources and mineralization environments of the Jinchanghe skarn Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit are still controversial. In this study, copper and sulfur isotopes and trace elements of sulfides from the Jinchanghe Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit were analyzed to reveal the sources of ore-forming materials and the ore-forming environments. The trace elemental analysis results show abundant Co, Ni, Mn and Se elements, and less As, Tl and Sb elements dominantly enter pyrite by isomorphic substitution, except for some Zn and Cu that occur as sulfide inclusions in Py1. Abundant Fe and Mn elements could substitute Zn to enter the sphalerite crystal lattice by the isomorphic substitution mechanism of (Fe2+ + Mn2+) ↔ 2Zn2+, and less Ag and Sb elements could enter the sphalerite by the isomorphic substitution mechanism of (Ag+ + Sb3+) ↔ 2Zn2+. The Cu-S isotopic and trace elemental compositions jointly suggest that the Jinchanghe distal skarn Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit formed from magmatic hydrothermal fluids with a sedimentary host-rock contribution, under mesothermal conditions (260 °C on sphalerite).
Background
This study aims to evaluate the effect of various background reference regions on spinal
18
F-FET PET imaging, with a focus on distinguishing between spinal tumors and myelitis. To enhance ...diagnostic accuracy, we investigated the pons and several other spinal cord area as potential references, given the challenges in interpreting spinal PET results.
Results
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients, 15 with cervical myelitis and 15 with cervical tumors, who underwent O-(2-
18
F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET/MR imaging. The stability of uptake across four regions, including the pons, C2, C2–C7, and T1–T3, was compared. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was then evaluated using various background regions, and their effectiveness in differentiating between spinal tumors and myelitis was compared. Additionally, we correlated the SUVR values derived from these regions with the Ki-67 proliferation index in tumor patients. The study found no significant difference in SUVmax (U = 110,
p
= 0.93) and SUVmean (U = 89,
p
= 0.35) values at lesion sites between myelitis and tumor patients. The pons had the highest average uptake (
p
< 0.001) compared to the other three regions. However, its coefficient of variation (CV) was significantly lower than that of the C2–C7 (
p
< 0.0001) and T1–T3 segments (
p
< 0.05). The SUVRmax values, calculated using the regions of pons, C2–C7 and T1–T3, were found to significantly differentiate between tumors and myelitis (
p
< 0.05). However, only the pons-based SUVRmean was able to significantly distinguish between the two groups (
p
< 0.05). Additionally, the pons-based SUVRmax (
r
= 0.63,
p
= 0.013) and SUVRmean (
r
= 0.67,
p
= 0.007) demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index.
Conclusions
This study suggests that the pons may be considered a suitable reference region for spinal
18
F-FET PET imaging, which can improve the differentiation between spinal tumors and myelitis. The significant correlation between pons-based SUVR values and the Ki-67 index further highlights the potential of this approach in assessing tumor cell proliferation.
Considering the great harm to the human body caused by severe and massive bleeding, in this study, chitosan-grafted norfloxacin (CTS-NF) composites were prepared with chitosan (CTS) and norfloxacin ...(NF) as raw materials by a 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide-mediated coupling method to solve the limitations of slow hemostatic and poor anti-infective effects of current dressings on the market. The effects of the mass ratio of CTS to NF (M
/M
), reaction temperature T and reaction time t on the grafting rate (η%) of the products were investigated through single factor tests. The preparation process was optimized with the η% as an evaluation index by means of the Box-Behnken test design and response surface analysis. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by inhibition zone assay, and the hemostatic activity of the prepared composites was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results suggested that the optimum preparation conditions were the mass ratio of CTS to NF (M
/M
) 5:3, reaction temperature 65 °C, and reaction time 4 h. Under this condition, the η% of CTS-NF was 45.5%. The CTS-NF composites displayed significant antimicrobial activities. Moreover, in vitro hemostasis results revealed that the CTS-NF composite had a lower blood clotting index and absorbed red blood cells to promote aggregation. In vivo ear and live hemostasis, the CTS-NF groups showed short hemostatic time (49.75 ± 3.32 s and 50.00 ± 7.21 s) and more blood loss (0.07 ± 0.010 g and 0.075 ± 0.013 g). The results showed that CTS-NF reduced the bleeding time and volume, exhibiting a significant coagulation effect. Therefore, the CTS-NF sponge is expected to be a new, effective hemostatic and antibacterial material in the future.
The gibberellin-dioxygenase (GAox) gene family plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development. GAoxs, which are encoded by many gene subfamilies, are extremely critical in regulating ...bioactive GA levels by catalyzing the subsequent stages in the biosynthesis process. Moreover, GAoxs are important enzymes in the GA synthesis pathway, and the GAox gene family has not yet been identified in Rosaceae species (
Prunus avium
L.,
F. vesca
, and
P. mume
), especially in response to gibberellin and PCa (prohexadione calcium; reduce biologically active GAs). In the current investigation, 399 GAox members were identified in sweet cherry, Japanese apricot, and strawberry. Moreover, they were further classified into six (A-F) subgroups based on phylogeny. According to motif analysis and gene structure, the majority of the
PavGAox
genes have a remarkably well-maintained exon–intron and motif arrangement within the same subgroup, which may lead to functional divergence. In the systematic investigation,
PavGAox
genes have several duplication events, but segmental duplication occurs frequently. A calculative analysis of orthologous gene pairs in
Prunus avium
L.,
F. vesca
, and
P. mume
revealed that GAox genes are subjected to purifying selection during the evolutionary process, resulting in functional divergence. The analysis of
cis
-regulatory elements in the upstream region of the 140
PavGAox
members suggests a possible relationship between genes and specific functions of hormone response-related elements. Moreover, the
PavGAox
genes display a variety of tissue expression patterns in diverse tissues, with most of the
PavGAox
genes displaying tissue-specific expression patterns. Furthermore, most of the
PavGAox
genes express significant expression in buds under phytohormonal stresses. Phytohormones stress analysis demonstrated that some of
PavGAox
genes are responsible for maintaining the GA level in plant-like
Pav co4017001.1 g010.1.br
,
Pav sc0000024.1 g340.1.br
, and
Pav sc0000024.1 g270.1.mk
. The subcellular localization of
PavGAox
protein utilizing a tobacco transient transformation system into the tobacco epidermal cells predicted that GFP signals were mostly found in the cytoplasm. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the GAox gene family’s interaction with prohexadione calcium and GA, as well as provide a strong framework for future functional characterization of GAox genes in sweet cherry.
An intelligent emotion recognition system based on electroencephalography (EEG) signals shows considerable potential in various domains such as healthcare, entertainment, and education, thanks to its ...portability, high temporal resolution, and real-time capabilities. However, the existing research in this field faces limitations stemming from the nonstationary nature and individual variability of EEG signals. In this study, we present a novel EEG emotion recognition model, named GraphEmotionNet, designed to enhance the accuracy of EEG-based emotion recognition through the incorporation of a spatiotemporal attention mechanism and transfer learning. The proposed GraphEmotionNet model can effectively learn the intrinsic connections between EEG channels and construct an adaptive graph. This graph’s adaptive nature is crucial in optimizing spatial–temporal graph convolutions, which in turn enhances spatial–temporal feature characterization and contributes to the process of emotion classification. Moreover, an integration of domain adaptation aligns the extracted features across different domains, further alleviating the impact of individual EEG variability. We evaluate the model performance on two benchmark databases, employing two types of cross-validation protocols: within-subject cross-validation and cross-subject cross-validation. The experimental results affirm the model’s efficacy in extracting EEG features linked to emotional semantics and demonstrate its promising performance in emotion recognition.
Biochar has a significant impact on improving soil, nutrient supply, and soil microbial amounts. However, the impacts of biochar on soil fungi and the soil environment after 30 months of cultivation ...experiments are rarely reported. We studied the potential role of peanut shell biochar (0% and 2%) in the soil properties and the soil fungal communities after 30 months of biochar application under different soil potassium (K) levels (100%, 80%, 60%, 0% K fertilizer). We found that biochar had a promoting effect on soil K after 30 months of its application, such as the available K, water-soluble K, exchangeable K, and non-exchangeable K; and increments were 125.78%, 124.39%, 126.01%, and 26.63% under biochar and K fertilizer treatment, respectively, compared to control treatment. Our data revealed that
and
were the dominant populations in the soil, and their sub-levels showed different relationships with the soil properties. The relationships between
and its sub-level taxa with soil properties showed a significant positive correlation. However,
and its sub-group demonstrated a negative correlation with soil properties. Moreover, soil enzyme activity, especially related to the soil C cycle, was the most significant indicator that affected the community and structure of fungi through structural equation modeling (SEM) and redundancy analysis (RDA). This work emphasized that biochar plays an important role in improving soil quality, controlling soil nutrients, and regulating fungal diversity and community composition after 30 months of biochar application.
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in plants are multipurpose enzymes that are involved in growth and development and anthocyanins transportation. However, members of the GST gene family were not ...identified in sweet cherry (
Prunus avium
). To identify the GST genes in sweet cherry, a genome-wide analysis was conducted. In this study, we identified 67 GST genes in
P. avium
genome and nomenclature according to chromosomal distribution. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that
PavGST
genes were classified into seven chief subfamily: TCHQD, Theta, Phi, Zeta, Lambda, DHAR, and Tau. The majority of the
PavGST
genes had a relatively well-maintained exon–intron and motif arrangement within the same group, according to gene structure and motif analyses. Gene structure (introns-exons) and conserved motif analysis revealed that the majority of the
PavGST
genes showed a relatively well-maintained motif and exons–introns configuration within the same group. The chromosomal localization, GO enrichment annotation, subcellular localization, syntenic relationship, Ka/Ks analysis, and molecular characteristics were accomplished using various bioinformatics tools. Mode of gene duplication showed that dispersed duplication might play a key role in the expansion of
PavGST
gene family. Promoter regions of
PavGST
genes contain numerous
cis
-regulatory components, which are involved in multiple stress responses, such as abiotic stress and phytohormones responsive factors. Furthermore, the expression profile of sweet cherry
PavGSTs
showed significant results under LED treatment. Our findings provide the groundwork for future research into induced LED anthocyanin and antioxidants deposition in sweet cherries.
Web search query data are obtained to reflect social spots and serve as novel economic indicators. When faced with high-dimensional query data, selecting keywords that have plausible predictive ...ability and can reduce dimensionality is critical. This paper presents a new integrative method that combines Hurst Exponent (HE) and Time Difference Correlation (TDC) analysis to select keywords with powerful predictive ability. The method is called the HE-TDC screening method and requires keywords with predictive ability to satisfy two characteristics, namely, high correlation and fluctuation memorability similar to the predicting target series. An empirical study is employed to predict the volume of tourism visitors in the Jiuzhai Valley scenic area. The study shows that keywords selected using HE-TDC method produce a model with better robustness and predictive ability.
•Nanoparticles (NPs) show promise in enhancing fruit tree growth, antioxidant defense, and productivity.•Nanoparticles have unique properties that positively impact plant growth, abiotic stress ...tolerance, and fruit quality, offering a potential tool for fruit crop improvement.•Nanoparticles have been found to enhance nutrient uptake, scavenge free radicals, and induce stress response pathways, resulting in improved fruit quality and yield.
Nanotechnology offers promising applications in agriculture and horticulture. Specifically, nanofertilizers (NFs) have been investigated for enhancing growth, antioxidant defense, and productivity in fruit-bearing plants. These crops are vital for supplying essential nutrients and minerals to humans. However, their production and quality often face challenges from various stresses. Using nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially mitigate these challenges, thereby improving the productivity and quality of horticulture crops. NPs possess unique chemical and physical properties that benefit plant growth, development, and stress tolerance, making them valuable for fruit crop enhancement. This review highlights recent advancements in employing nanoparticles to bolster fruit crop growth. Various nanoparticle types, such as metal oxide, metallic, carbon-based, and organic NPs have been demonstrated positive effects on plant abiotic stress tolerance growth and fruit quality. They have been found to boost nutrient absorption, neutralize free radicals, and activate plant stress response pathways, leading to enhanced quality and yield of fruit. This review aims to elucidate significant insights into the utilization of nanoparticles as a promising strategy for bolstering the resilience of horticultural plants and safeguarding food security in the face of environmental alterations. Notwithstanding the favorable outcomes observed in ameliorating plant performance under abiotic stresses, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of NPs remain a subject of ongoing investigation. Further research is imperative to delve into the enduring implications, safety considerations, and optimal techniques for the application of NPs in horticultural plants.
Display omitted
