Huawei LiteOS is a real-time operating system. Thread schedulability is an important thing to be considered first when we use the RTOS in an application. There are a lot of methods to value thread ...schedulability in practical application. Rate monotonic scheduling algorithm is a widely used static priority scheduling algorithm. We discussed the thread schedulability in Huawei LiteOS.
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•AGSs were domesticated with different C/N ratios which were 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.•The good morphology and settleability of AGS was achieved when C/N ratio in 8.•Dominant microbes ...changed at phylum, class and family three levels.•The AGSBR offers bright-prospect for high-nitrogen concentration wastewater treatment.
Carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio is one of the most important factor affecting aerobic granular sludge (AGS) growth and pollutant removal in aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (AGSBR). For stability of sludge granulation process, AGSs were domesticated in five sequence batch reactors (SBRs) with different C/N ratios (6, 7, 8, 9, and 10), which the ammonia nitrogen concentration of influent was 165 mg/L. The effects of C/N ratio on morphology and property of AGS were studied. The results showed that stable AGS was yielded with good settleability, high pollutant removal efficiency and rich microbial diversity when C/N ratio was 8. AGS yielded had stable structure due to higher protein in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). High throughput 16S rDNA gene analysis revealed the microbial community diversity increased in AGS under the C/N ratio. The dominant microbes changed at the phylum, class and family three levels with the increasing operation time.
Aging is an important contributor to olfactory system deterioration in humans, leading to increased health and safety risks as well as affecting the quality of life. However, it is currently unknown ...when age-related olfactory deterioration begins in humans and thus when to initiate interventions to prevent or slow it.
To determine the decade in which olfactory function begins to deteriorate in healthy humans by determining when odor identification is first impaired.
Studies cited in the PubMed database were searched from its inception to March 2017 using the terms "olfac*" or "smell" and "ag*". The effect size of each comparison was calculated.
In this meta-analysis, the effect sizes as determined using Cohen's d for the comparisons between 30 and 39.9- and 40-49.9-year-olds was 0.06 (95% CI: -0.17 to 0.29), between 40-49.9-year-olds was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.20-1.04), considered a medium effect size, and between 35-55-year-olds and those >55years old was 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06-1.45), considered a very large effect.
Olfactory function deterioration, as determined by an impaired ability to identify odors, starts in the fifth decade of life in healthy humans.
We performed a comprehensive comparative study of the plan quality between volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for the treatment of prostate ...cancer.
Eleven patients with prostate cancer treated at our institution were randomly selected for this study. For each patient, a VMAT plan and a series of IMRT plans using an increasing number of beams (8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 beams) were examined. All plans were generated using our in-house-developed automatic inverse planning (AIP) algorithm. An existing eight-beam clinical IMRT plan, which was used to treat the patient, was used as the reference plan. For each patient, all AIP-generated plans were optimized to achieve the same level of planning target volume (PTV) coverage as the reference plan. Plan quality was evaluated by measuring mean dose to and dose-volume statistics of the organs at risk, especially the rectum, from each type of plan.
For the same PTV coverage, the AIP-generated VMAT plans had significantly better plan quality in terms of rectum sparing than the eight-beam clinical and AIP-generated IMRT plans (p < 0.0001). However, the differences between the IMRT and VMAT plans in all the dosimetric indices decreased as the number of beams used in IMRT increased. IMRT plan quality was similar or superior to that of VMAT when the number of beams in IMRT was increased to a certain number, which ranged from 12 to 24 for the set of patients studied. The superior VMAT plan quality resulted in approximately 30% more monitor units than the eight-beam IMRT plans, but the delivery time was still less than 3 min.
Considering the superior plan quality as well as the delivery efficiency of VMAT compared with that of IMRT, VMAT may be the preferred modality for treating prostate cancer.
Glutamine synthetase (GS) isozymes play critical roles in nitrogen (N) metabolism. However, the exact relationship between GS and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remain unclear. We have selected and ...compared two wheat cultivars, YM49 and XN509, which were identified as the N-efficient and N-inefficient genotypes, respectively. In this study, agronomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical approaches were performed. The results showed that TaGS1 was high expressed post-anthesis, and TaGS2 was highly expressed pre-anthesis in N-efficient genotype compared to N-inefficient genotype. GS1 and GS2 isozymes were also separated by native-PAGE and found that the spatial and temporal distribution of GS isozymes, their expression of gene and protein subunits in source-sink-flow organs during development periods triggered the pool strength and influenced the N flow. According to the physiological role of GS isozymes, we illustrated four metabolic regulation points, by which acting collaboratively in different organs, accelerating the transport of nutrients to the grain. It suggested that the regulation of GS isozymes may promote flow strength and enhance NUE by a complex C-N metabolic mechanism. The relative activity or amount of GS1 and GS2 isozymes could be a potential marker to predict and select wheat genotypes with enhanced NUE.
Intercropping is an important agronomic practice adopted to increase crop production and resource efficiency in areas with intensive agricultural production. Two sequential field trials were ...conducted in 2015-2016 to investigate the effect of shading on the morphological features, leaf structure, and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean in a maize-soybean relay-strip intercropping system. Three treatments were designed on the basis of different row configurations A1 ("50 cm + 50 cm" one row of maize and one row of soybean with a 50 cm spacing between the rows), A2 ("160 cm + 40 cm" two rows of maize by wide-narrow row planting, where two rows of soybean were planted in the wide rows with a width of 40 cm, and with 60 cm row spacing was used between the maize and soybean rows), and CK (sole cropping of soybean, with 70 cm rows spacing). Results showed that the photosynthetically active radiation transmittances of soybean canopy at V5 stage under A2 treatment (31.1%) were considerably higher than those under A1 (8.7%) treatment, and the red-to-far-red ratio was reduced significantly under A1 (0.7) and A2 (1.0) treatments compared with those under CK (1.2). By contrast with CK, stem diameter, total aboveground biomass, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly except plant height under A1 and A2. The thickness of palisade tissue and spongy tissue of soybean leaf under A1 and A2 were significantly reduced at V5 stage compared with CK. The leaf thicknesses under A1 and A2 were lower than those in CK by 39.5% and 18.2%, respectively. At the R1 stage of soybean (after maize harvest), the soybean plant height, stem biomass, leaf biomass and petiole biomass under A1 and A2 treatments were still significantly lower than those under CK, but no significant differences were observed in Chl a/b, Pn, epidermis thickness and spongy tissue thickness of soybean leaves in A2 compared with CK. In addition, the soybean yields (g plant-1) under A1 and A2 were 54.69% and 16.83% lower than those in CK, respectively. These findings suggested that soybean plants can regulate its morphological characteristics and leaf anatomical structures under different light environments.
Increasing studies have highlighted the critical role of lncRNAs in cancer pathogenesis and development. LncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was reported to function as a tumor suppressor in ...breast cancer. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of MEG3 involved in breast cancer progression remains far from being addressed. Our findings showed that MEG3 was downregulated and miR-21 was upregulated in breast cancer patient tissues and cells. MEG3 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation and glycolysis, and induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. MEG3 was demonstrated to function as a molecular sponge of miR-21 and suppress its expression. Moreover, miR-21 upregulation partially abolished the effects of MEG3 overexpression on cell proliferation, glycolysis, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Additionally, enforced expression of MEG3 reversed miR-21-mediated activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in breast cancer cells. In vivo experiment demonstrated that overexpression of MEG3 inhibited tumor growth in breast cancer by suppressing miR-21. In summary, MEG3 overexpression inhibited the tumorigenesis of breast cancer by downregulating miR-21 through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
•Overexpression of MEG3 inhibited the tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells.•MEG3 directly interacted with miR-21 and suppressed its expression.•MEG3 overexpression reversed miR-21-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.•Overexpression of MEG3 inhibited tumor growth in vivo in breast cancer.
We aimed to explore whether WeChat app-based education and rehabilitation program (WERP) affected anxiety, depression, quality of life (QoL), loss of follow-up and survival profiles in non-small cell ...lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after undergoing surgical resection.
200 NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection were randomly allocated to WERP group or control group at a 1:1 ratio and underwent a 12-month interventional stage and 48-month non-interventional follow-up stage. Anxiety and depression were evaluated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and QoL was assessed by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Loss of follow-up and survival data were also evaluated.
After the 12-month intervention (M12), HADS-anxiety score (5.00 ± 2.84 vs. 6.69 ± 4.01) and anxiety rate (19.0% vs. 41.0%) were lower in WERP group compared with control group; meanwhile, HADS-depression score (5.22 ± 2.77 vs. 6.55 ± 3.42) and depression rate (20.0% vs. 36.0%) were decreased in WERP group compared with the control group. Regarding QoL at M12, the QLQ-C30 global health status score (74.44 ± 12.06 vs. 70.26 ± 17.29) and functional score (77.15 ± 15.00 vs. 71.40 ± 17.02) were higher, while QLQ-C30 symptom score was similar (27.29 ± 11.72 vs. 27.86 ± 12.69) in WERP group compared with the control group. Besides, both the 12-month loss to follow-up (3.0% vs 10.0%) and 60-month loss to follow-up (10.0% vs 20.0%) were less in WERP group than the control group. However, limited survival benefit of WERP was observed compared with the control group.
WERP is an effective way to improve well-being and quality of life in NSCLC patients after undergoing surgical resection.
•Most previous studies are hospital-based limited to location or telephone-based limited to unilateral contact from nurses.•WERP is effective in decreasing anxiety and depression in NSCLC patients underwent surgical resection.•WERP is effective in improving QoL and reducing loss of follow-up in NSCLC patients underwent surgical resection.
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•Eco-efficiency of cultivated land use (EECLU) is evaluated.•Both carbon sequestration and carbon emissions are considered for measuring EECLU.•Super-efficiency SBM-DEA with ...undesirable output & panel data analysis are used.•Size has positive impact on the EECLU.•Shape complexity and patch fragmentation have negative impacts on the EECLU.
With China’s rapid urbanization and socioeconomic development, cultivated land has been experiencing continuous reduction, spatial shift, and ecological degradation in the past few decades, coupled with the decreasing and aging agricultural labor force, thus improving cultivated land utilization efficiency while minimizing associated environmental impacts is one of the major challenges facing China. This study first establishes an index system to access the eco-efficiency of cultivated land use (EECLU) considering both carbon sequestration and carbon emissions, next, employs the Super-SBM model to evaluate the spatial–temporal characteristics of EECLU, then, uses landscape metrics to describe landscape pattern dynamics of cultivated land, and finally conducts panel data analysis to investigate the relationship between landscape pattern changes and the EECLU variations. This framework was applied to Jiangsu Province, a major grain-producing area with a developed economy. The results showed that the average EECLU of the counties in rural Jiangsu from 2000 to 2020 slightly decreased, most counties were in the medium–low efficiency range (0.6–0.8), and Southern Jiangsu generally has the lowest EECLU values while Central Jiangsu has the highest. The total area and the average patch sizes of cultivated land have significantly positive impacts on EECLU, while the shape complexity and patch fragmentation have significantly negative impacts on EECLU. Therefore, comprehensive low-carbon strategies and better management and technology in the agricultural sector are needed to further improve EECLU. On the premise of protecting the total area of cultivated land, larger and more aggregated land patches should be promoted in the land consolidation process, and the cultivated land targeted for occupation or compensation should be able to simplify the overall shape of cultivated land patches.
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•A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe Flu-Si was designed and synthesized for F− detection.•The probe has excellent selectivity and anti-interference for F−. The detection limit was ...0.025 μmol L−1.•The novel probe demonstrated fluorescence imaging of F− in living cells and zebrafish, suggesting its potential in clinical diagnostics.
A novel fluorescent probe (Flu-Si) based on fluorescein and coumarin fluorophores for highly selective and sensitive detection of F− was successfully developed. It was shown that the mechanism of recognition involves a desilylation reaction that takes place after addition of F− anions. A linear relationship between the ratio of emission intensities at 532 and 465 nm (I532/I465) and F− concentration over the range of 0–20 μmol L−1 with a LOD of 0.025 μmol L−1 was found. The sensing mechanism of Flu-Si with F− was confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculation. Moreover, it was demonstrated that Flu-Si is an efficient fluorescent probe for F− anions in living cells and zebrafish, indicating its sensing potential in clinical diagnosis.
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