The Biomedical Imaging and Therapy (BMIT) beamlines at the Canadian Light Source (CLS) comprise a multi-modality synchrotron imaging facility capable of imaging objects with 2-200 μm resolution with ...beam sizes up to ~200 mm wide and ~10 mm high in the experimental hutches
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. BMIT hosts two beamlines, a bend magnet 05B1-1 and an insertion device 05ID-2, with capabilities to apply absorption imaging, in-line phase contrast imaging (PCI), analyzer-based imaging (ABI) or diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI), and K-Edge Subtraction (KES) imaging. Talbot or grating interferometry is under development.
Objective To compare the efficacy, adverse effects and acceptability of the three most common misoprostol regimens used with mifepristone for medical abortion.
Design Randomised nonblinded trial.
...Setting Three clinics associated with major research universities in Canada; two in major urban areas and one in a periurban area.
Population Women of reproductive age.
Methods Consenting women presenting for abortion services with gestations less than 56 days and who met inclusion criteria were given 200 mg mifepristone orally and then randomised into three misoprostol study groups: (group I) 400 micrograms of oral misoprostol, (group II) 600 micrograms of oral misoprostol, and (group III) 800 micrograms of vaginal misoprostol. Misoprostol was self‐administered at home 24–48 hours following mifepristone, and participants were instructed to take a second similar misoprostol dose at 24 hours after the initial dose if bleeding was less than a normal menstrual period.
Main outcome measures Successful abortion without surgery was 94.1%, with no significant differences across the three study groups (94.7% in group I, 93.4% in group II, and 94.3% in group III; P= 0.975).
Results Efficacy and adverse effects did not differ significantly across the three study groups. Pain increased significantly across the study and the gestational age groups and was associated with lower acceptability.
Conclusions There appears to be a range of safe and effective options for early medical abortion with mifepristone including a choice between oral and vaginal administration of misoprostol.
Total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pH, and nitrate + nitrite (NOx) data collected during the summer of 1996 in the Satilla River estuary in the southeastern U.S. were used ...to assess fluxes of DIC and NOx, between intertidal marshes and estuarine waters and to model system NOxdynamics. Nitrate and nitrite are produced in the low-salinity portion of the estuary. The intertidal marshes are sites of intensive respiration that export DIC to the estuary and remove NOx. An integrated view is presented on the nitrification and denitrification processes in the marsh/estuarine complex and their relationship to CO2generation rates. The distribution of NOx, in the marsh and estuarine waters indicates that all NOxgenerated in the marsh-estuary system is removed in the intertidal marshes, most likely via denitrification. Model analysis of NOxand river flow data for three seasons indicates that NOxdistribution in the estuarine water is also determined by river flow rates. Export fluxes of NOx, to the coastal ocean are insignificant in all seasons when compared to NOxproduction rates in the entire system; however, they are significantly higher than NOxinputs from the river end member in October 1996. Although only a small fraction (∼10%) of DIC generated in the marshes is exported to the coastal sea and around 90% is lost to the atmosphere, it represents a nearly threefold increase in riverine DIC flux to the ocean.
Bacterial isolates from the subtropical southeastern continental shelf were cultured in a matrix of temperature and substrate concentrations encompassing a range of temperature and substrate ...concentrations equal to and exceeding natural ones. At the annual minimum temperature, marine heterotrophic bacterial isolates required higher concentrations of dissolved substrates for active growth than are usually found in seawater. We show this to result from a nonlinear interaction of the combined effects of temperature and substrate concentration on bacterial growth and respiratory rate. As a result, bacterial and protozoan utilization of phytoplankton production during winter and early spring is low, permitting greater energy flow to zooplankton and benthic animals, while in late spring, summer, and fall, the microbial loop dominates energy flux and organic carbon utilization. Escherichia coli shows a similar nonlinear response to temperature at minimal substrate concentrations, albeit at a higher range of concentrations than were utilized by the marine isolates. Thus, bacteria from subtropical regions are shown to have a differential growth response near the minimum temperature for growth, depending on the concentration of available substrates
Estimates of living mass and respiratory rate were made by several methods on large water samples taken at several depths at each of two ocean stations. Total microbial biomass estimates based on ATP ...determinations gave reasonable results in relation to phytoplankton biomass, total particulate organic carbon, and total particulate volume as determined by an electronic particle counter. Respiratory rate estimates based on O2uptake, electron transport system activity, and ATP were in moderately good agreement in surface water but diverged widely in deep water. Heterotropic uptake of specific organic compounds seems to be related to numbers of active bacteria and not related to total microbial respiration. Photosynthetic rates and release of dissolved photosynthate are reported for both stations.
Estimates of living mass and respiratory rate were made by several methods on large water samples taken at several depths at each of two ocean stations. Total microbial biomass estimates based on ATP ...determinations gave reasonable results in relation to phytoplankton biomass, total particulate organic carbon, and total particulate volume as determined by an electronic particle counter. Respiratory rate estimates based on O2 uptake, electron transport system activity, and ATP were in moderately good agreement in surface water but diverged widely in deep water. Heterotrophic uptake of specific organic compounds seems to be related to numbers of active bacteria and not related to total microbial respiration. Photosynthetic rates and release of dissolved photosynthate are reported for both stations.
Estimates of living mass and respiratory rate were made by several methods on large water samples taken at several depths at each of two ocean stations. Total microbial biomass estimates based on ATP ...determinations gave reasonable results in relation to phytoplankton biomass, total particulate organic carbon, and total particulate volume as determined by an electronic particle counter. Respiratory rate estimates based on O sub(2) uptake, electron transport system activity, and ATP were in moderately good agreement in surface water but diverged widely in deep water. Heterotrophic uptake of specific organic compounds seems to be related to numbers of active bacteria and not related to total microbial respiration. Photosynthetic rates and release of dissolved photosynthate are reported for both stations.
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