In the present study, the heat capacities of barium cerate doped by gadolinium and yttrium oxides were measured for the first time in the temperature range of 166–790 K. The differential scanning ...calorimeter was used for investigation. There was reproducible anomaly with maximum at 601 K and minimum at 679 K. The experimental results were used to calculate the thermodynamic functions: smoothed heat capacities, enthalpy increment (
H
m
o
(
T
) −
H
m
o
(298.15)), and entropy (
S
m
o
(
T
)). The heat capacity in the temperature range of 166–602 K was described by a polynomial of the form:
C
p,m
o
(
T
) = 83.140 + 0.14943
T
− 1.1537 × 10
−4
T
2
− 3.6358 × 10
5
/
T
2
(J mol
−1
K
−1
). Heat capacity of BaCe
0.8
Y
0.1
Gd
0.1
O
2.9
in the temperature range of 602–680 K was described by a polynomial:
C
p,m
o
(
T
) = − 118.18 + 0.71961
T
− 5.5387 × 10
−4
T
2
+ 5.6948 × 10
+6
/
T
2
(J mol
−1
K
−1
). The heat capacity in the temperature range of 680–790 K was well described by the equation:
C
p,m
o
(
T
) = 1987.1 − 6.9263
T
+ 8.3407 × 10
−3
T
2
− 3.1992 × 10
−6
T
3
(J mol
−1
K
−1
).
Background: Whether or not superior mesentericoportal venous resection (SM-PVR) associated with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is safe and worthwhile has not been fully confirmed. The aim of the ...present study was to investigate results of this surgical procedure performed for pancreatic head and periampullary neoplasms.
Methods: As a first analysis, postoperative morbidity and mortality after PD with (n = 31) or without SM-PVR (n = 119) were investigated in 150 patients with pancreatic head and periampullary neoplasms. As a second analysis, rates of margin-negative resection and survival after SM-PVR (n = 21) and without SM-PVR (n = 66) were compared in 87 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. In these patients undergoing SM-PVR (n = 21), survival rate was investigated in patients who did (n = 13) and did not (n = 8) undergo a margin-negative resection.
Results: In the first analysis, duration of surgery and volume of blood transfused perioperatively were higher in patients undergoing SM-PVR. However, mortality, morbidity rates, and mean hospital stay did not differ between patients who did undergo SM-PVR (31 patients, 3.2%, 48.4%, and 22.2 days, respectively) and who did not (119 patients, 2.5%, 47.1%, 25.9 days, respectively). No postoperative death occurred in the recent part of the present study, since 1994, in patients undergoing SM-PVR. In the second analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, rates of margin-negative resection and 2-year survival did not significantly differ between patients who did and did not undergo SM-PVR (62% and 22%, respectively, versus 73% and 24%). In patients undergoing SM-PVR, survival rate was significantly higher for patients undergoing a margin-negative resection (n = 13) than for patients undergoing a macroscopic or microscopic margin-positive resection (n = 8, 2-year survival = 57.1% versus 0%,
P <0.05).
Conclusion: PD combined with SM-PVR can be performed safely. This surgical procedure is followed by a promising survival rate and can be recommended in order to obtain a margin-negative resection; however, candidates for SM-PVR should be carefully selected.
Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging techniques were used to monitor radiofrequency (RF) ablation of ovine cardiac tissue in vivo. Additionally, ARFI M-mode imaging methods were used to ...interrogate both healthy and ablated regions of myocardial tissue. Although induced cardiac lesions were not visualized well in conventional B-mode images, ARFI images of ablation procedures allowed determination of lesion location, shape, and relative size through time. The ARFI M-mode images were capable of distinguishing differences in behavior through the cardiac cycle between healthy and damaged tissue regions. As conventional sonography is often used to guide ablation catheters, ARFI imaging, which requires no additional equipment, may be a convenient modality for monitoring lesion formation in vivo.
Joint actions are omnipresent, ranging from a handshake between two people to the coordination of groups of people playing in an orchestra. We are highly skilled at coordinating our actions with ...those of others to reach common goals and rely on this ability throughout our daily lives. What are the social, cognitive and neural processes underlying this ability? How do others around us influence our task representations? How does joint action influence interpersonal interactions? How do language and gesture support joint action? What differentiates joint action from individual action?
This article forms an introductory editorial to the field of joint action. It accompanies contributions to the special issue entitled “Current Issues in Joint Action Research”. The issue brings together conceptual and empirical approaches on different topics, ranging from lower-level issues such as the link between perception and joint action, to higher-level issues such as language as a form of joint action.
Fcγ receptors mediate antibody-dependent inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity as well as certain autoimmune dysfunctions. Here we report the crystal structure of a human Fc receptor (FcγRIIIB) in ...complex with an Fc fragment of human IgG1 determined from orthorhombic and hexagonal crystal forms at 3.0- and 3.5-Å resolution, respectively. The refined structures from the two crystal forms are nearly identical with no significant discrepancies between the coordinates. Regions of the C-terminal domain of FcγRIII, including the BC, C′E, FG loops, and the C′ β-strand, bind asymmetrically to the lower hinge region, residues Leu234-Pro238, of both Fc chains creating a 1:1 receptor-ligand stoichiometry. Minor conformational changes are observed in both the receptor and Fc upon complex formation. Hydrophobic residues, hydrogen bonds, and salt bridges are distributed throughout the receptor·Fc interface. Sequence comparisons of the receptor-ligand interface residues suggest a conserved binding mode common to all members of immunoglobulin-like Fc receptors. Structural comparison between FcγRIII·Fc and FcεRI·Fc complexes highlights the differences in ligand recognition between the high and low affinity receptors. Although not in direct contact with the receptor, the carbohydrate attached to the conserved glycosylation residue Asn297 on Fc may stabilize the conformation of the receptor-binding epitope on Fc. An antibody-FcγRIII model suggests two possible ligand-induced receptor aggregations.
Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not well understood. Structural brain differences have been associated with BD, but results from neuroimaging ...studies have been inconsistent. To address this, we performed the largest study to date of cortical gray matter thickness and surface area measures from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 6503 individuals including 1837 unrelated adults with BD and 2582 unrelated healthy controls for group differences while also examining the effects of commonly prescribed medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. In BD, cortical gray matter was thinner in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. BD had the strongest effects on left pars opercularis (Cohen's d=-0.293; P=1.71 × 10
), left fusiform gyrus (d=-0.288; P=8.25 × 10
) and left rostral middle frontal cortex (d=-0.276; P=2.99 × 10
). Longer duration of illness (after accounting for age at the time of scanning) was associated with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, medial parietal and occipital regions. We found that several commonly prescribed medications, including lithium, antiepileptic and antipsychotic treatment showed significant associations with cortical thickness and surface area, even after accounting for patients who received multiple medications. We found evidence of reduced cortical surface area associated with a history of psychosis but no associations with mood state at the time of scanning. Our analysis revealed previously undetected associations and provides an extensive analysis of potential confounding variables in neuroimaging studies of BD.
Ionic liquid electrolytes are gaining widespread application as a gate dielectric used to control ion transport in functional materials. This letter systematically examines the important influence ...that device geometry in standard “side gate” 3-terminal geometries plays in device performance of a well-known oxygen ion conductor. We show that the most influential component of device design is the ratio between the area of the gate electrode and the active channel, while the spacing between these components and their individual shapes has a negligible contribution. These findings provide much needed guidance in device design intended for ionotronic gating with ionic liquids.
Genetically identical nonhuman primates can provide a powerful animal model for gene therapy and research activities where
the physiological parameters directly or indirectly under study are ...heritable. Here we demonstrate that nuclear transfer is
a viable technology for the production of identical rhesus macaques. Oocytes recovered from gonadotropin-treated females were
enucleated by aspiration of the first polar body and underlying ooplasm, then activated by cycloheximide exposure. Individual
diploid blastomeres, recovered from in vitro-fertilization-produced embryos (either fresh or frozen-thawed) and used as nuclear
donors, were injected under the zona pellucida of enucleated (chromosome-free) oocytes and fused by electric pulses. The reconstituted
embryos were cocultured on buffalo rat liver cells before cryostorage and transfer to synchronized host mothers. Of the 9
females receiving a total of 29 reconstituted embryos, 3 became pregnant, with two live births resulting, one male and one
female. The parentage of both infants was established unequivocally by genotype analysis at 7 highly variable short tandem
repeat loci.
Positron accumulation in the GBAR experiment Blumer, P.; Charlton, M.; Chung, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2022, Letnik:
1040
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We present a description of the GBAR positron (e+) trapping apparatus, which consists of a three stage Buffer Gas Trap (BGT) followed by a High Field Penning Trap (HFT), and discuss its performance. ...The overall goal of the GBAR experiment is to measure the acceleration of the neutral antihydrogen (H¯) atom in the terrestrial gravitational field by neutralising a positive antihydrogen ion (H¯+), which has been cooled to a low temperature, and observing the subsequent H¯ annihilation following free fall. To produce one H¯+ ion, about 1010 positrons, efficiently converted into positronium (Ps), together with about 107 antiprotons (p¯), are required. The positrons, produced from an electron linac-based system, are accumulated first in the BGT whereafter they are stacked in the ultra-high vacuum HFT, where we have been able to trap 1.4(2) × 109 positrons in 1100 s.
To pool data across multiple institutions internationally and report on the cumulative experience of brainstem stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
Data on patients with brainstem metastases treated with ...SRS were collected through the International Gamma Knife Research Foundation. Clinical, radiographic, and dosimetric characteristics were compared for factors prognostic for local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Of 547 patients with 596 brainstem metastases treated with SRS, treatment of 7.4% of tumors resulted in severe SRS-induced toxicity (grade ≥3, increased odds with increasing tumor volume, margin dose, and whole-brain irradiation). Local control at 12 months after SRS was 81.8% and was improved with increasing margin dose and maximum dose. Overall survival at 12 months after SRS was 32.7% and impacted by age, gender, number of metastases, tumor histology, and performance score.
Our study provides additional evidence that SRS has become an option for patients with brainstem metastases, with an excellent benefit-to-risk ratio in the hands of experienced clinicians. Prior whole-brain irradiation increases the risk of severe toxicity in brainstem metastasis patients undergoing SRS.
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