In order to filter rare B decays out of the large data stream produced in the 920 GeV proton-nucleon interactions at 10 MHz in Hera-B, a very fast Track Finder has been developed, the First Level ...Trigger. Being Kalman filter inspired, it searches for possible particle tracks through up to seven layers of tracking chambers with a maximum latency of 10 ps. The Hera-B First Level Trigger together with the Hera-B detector was operated and commissioned during 2000. This paper describes its algorithm, implementation and the commissioning results obtained from the analysis of the collected data.
The basal and calmodulin-stimulated activity of the human erythrocyte Ca2(+)-ATPase was determined in 56 healthy individuals of different ages in order to set control values. The basal activity of ...all 56 healthy subjects was 0.805 +/- 0.525 mumole hydrolyzed ATP/mg protein/hr, while the calmodulin-stimulated activity gave an average of 2.437 +/- 0.785 mumole hydrolyzed ATP/mg protein/hr. There was no significant difference in basal Ca2(+)-ATPase activity in males and females; however, significantly increased levels of the stimulated red cell calcium pump was seen in females. Based on age, the basal activity for newborns and children up the age of 7 years was higher than that for adults and a distinct increase in activation by calmodulin was observed with a maximum at the age range of 8-13 years. It was demonstrated that for the investigation of Ca2(+)-ATPase activities in children different normal values must be taken into consideration than for those already reported for adults. Our data may serve as controls for Ca2(+)-ATPase activities for comparison purposes and for further studies from different diseases in childhood where increased intraerythrocytic calcium levels are reported.
Raps ist in Deutschland die wichtigste Ol-liefernde Nutzpflanze. Die Analyse der Pollen auf der Ebene der enthaltenen Nukleinsauren ist ein wichtiger Punkt bei der Beurteilung der Authentizitat von ...Honigen. Genetisch veranderter, herbizidresistenter Raps wird weltweit in zunehmendem Masse angebaut und zur Weiterverarbeitung von Lebensmitteln verwendet.Die EU bereitet zur Zeit gesetzliche Regelungen vor, die eine luckenlose Kennzeichnung gentechnisch veranderter Organismen vom Saatgut bis hin zum Futter- oder Lebensmittel hin beinhalten. Zur Uberwachung solcher Regelungen sind geeignete Nachweismethoden erforderlich. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt eine Methode zu Extraktion von DNA aus Rapshonigen bzw. darin enthaltenen Pollen. Daruber hinaus wird ein Verfahren zum spezifischen Nachweis von Bestandteilen aus glufosinatresistenten Mais, Raps und Zuckerruben mit Hilfe der Polymerasekettenreaktion aufgezeigt.
Design of the HERA-B first level trigger Glass, J.; Wurz, A.; Wolf, T. ...
1995 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record,
1995, Letnik:
1
Conference Proceeding
The HERA-B first level trigger (FLT) mainly identifies lepton pairs from J//spl psi/ decays. It reduces a 10 MHz input rate by a factor of 200 with a mean latency of /spl ap/5 /spl mu/s. The FLT is a ...hardware processor consisting of track finding units (TFUs), track parameter units (TPUs), and a trigger decision unit (TDU). Tracking chamber data are transferred at a rate of /spl ap/600 Gbit/s into memories distributed over the TFUs. 12 serial link chips, each providing a bandwidth of 1.8 Gbit/s, will be used per TFU. Between 4 and 14 TFUs are assigned to different sections of each layer of tracking chambers so that their load is balanced. In total 60 TFUs are used to equip the 7 tracking layers. For the current bunch crossing, a coincidence matrix identifies track hits in the search region using 3 stereo views of the assigned tracking chamber section. The improved search region, extrapolated to the next tracking chamber superlayer, is read from a lookup table and transmitted to one or more TFUs assigned to the next superlayer. If the track is followed through all tracking chambers the last TFU communicates the track parameters to a TPU. The TPU determines from the transmitted track information the kinematic parameters of the lepton candidate to accept or reject it. Finally the tracks of the same event are collected in the TDU. It computes the invariant mass of track pairs to make the final trigger decision. The system is in the board layout stage. Prototype testing is scheduled for begin of 1996.
The range of technological elements that marks the Middle Stone Age originated more than 300,000 years ago and formed the basic tool kit for an extended period of time. No spatial and chronological ...patterns can be identified from the Early Middle Stone Age until marine isotope stage (MIS) 5, and there is no cumulative trend of increasing complexity and diversity; instead, periods of complexity come and go. The Howiesons Poort and Still Bay techno-complexes, broadly associated with MIS 4, are recognized across various ecological zones of South Africa. These techno-complexes contain relatively more retouched tools and exhibit heightened levels of what is described as innovative practices. The Howiesons Poort is the best understood industry in the Middle Stone Age of South Africa. Its unifying technological characteristic is the almost exclusive use of a blade and bladelet production system, but subtle changes in types of backed artefacts, other retouched tools, and raw material exploitation patterns occur through time. Technological preferences change in the ensuing MIS 3 period, and other strategies and implement types become popular, particularly unifacial points, but trends once again are less clear. This historical review of the technological diversity in the Middle Stone Age of South Africa emphasizes that the roots of some innovations may lie in the earlier Middle Stone Age and that innovation is best understood within the context of local historical trajectories of technological change in South Africa.
Status and first experiences with the HERA-B first level trigger Flammer, J.; Fleckenstein, H.; Gerndt, E. ...
1999 IEEE Conference on Real-Time Computer Applications in Nuclear Particle and Plasma Physics. 11th IEEE NPSS Real Time Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.99EX295),
1999
Conference Proceeding
Summary form only given. With the HERA-B detector the collaboration of same name at DESY, Hamburg, Germany intends to measure CP violation from the B/sup 0/. B mesons are produced in collisions of ...920 GeV protons with a fixed wire target. Since the signal to background ratio is about 10/sup -6/, an extremely selective and efficient trigger system is needed. The first (FLT) of a four level trigger system is capable to select electron, muon, and hadron tracks, to derive then their kinematics and reconstruct finally the invariant mass of each pair of tracks. The actual status of the HERA-B FLT is reported as well as first experiences and results with the after date built up system.
DEUTSCH: Am Beispiel einer gentechnisch veraenderten Kartoffel wird skizziert, wie der Nachweis gentechnisch veraenderter Lebensmittel auf der Basis von Nukleinsaeureanalysen (Elektrophorese) ...durchgefuehrt werden. Die Kartoffel enthaelt neben einem Gen, das den Zuckerstoffwechsel beeinflusst, auch ein sog. Markergen fuer eine Resistenz gegen das Antibiotikum Hygromycin.
The paper describes the general purpose neurocomputer SYNAPSE-1 which has been developed in cooperation between Siemens Munich and the University of Mannheim. This system contains one of the most ...powerful processors available for neural algorithms, the neuro signal processor MA16. The prototype system executes a test algorithm 8000 times as fast as a Sparc-2 workstation. This processing speed has been achieved by using a system architecture which is optimally adapted to the general structure of neural algorithms. It is a systolic array of MA16 processors embedded in a multiprocessor system of general purpose microprocessors.< >
