To maintain high-level economic development, protect the ecological environment, and achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the construction of green mines has become a critical issue in ...China. In this study, the importance of mineral resources to human society is discussed, and the construction experiences and sustainable development directions of green mines are summarized, which can provide valuable references for the global mining industry. The entry and management process in China was introduced to help understand green mines’ construction objectives and tasks. Moreover, based on the successful construction cases of green mines, four typical green mine models are concluded: the green technology mining model, operation modernization mining model, stability mining model, and ecological restoration mining model. In addition, the key construction elements of green mines are concluded, for example, the mining environment, mining methods, comprehensive utilization of resources, energy conservation, emission reduction, scientific and technological innovation and intelligence, and enterprise-land stability, which provided the directions and guidance for green mine construction.
Multiple myeloma （MM） is the second most frequent malignant hematological disease. Dihydrocelastrol （DHCE） is synthesized by hydrogenated celastrol, a treterpene isolated from Chinese medicinal plant ...Tripterygium regeliL In this study, we first reported the anti-tumor activity of DHCE on MM cells. We found that DHCE could inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis through caspase-dependent way in vitro. In addition, DHCE could inactivate the expression of interleukin （IL）-6 and downregulate the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases （ERK1/2） and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） in MM. It also retained its activity against MM cell lines in the presence of IL-6. Furthermore, treatment of MM cells with DHCE resulted in an accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Notably, DHCE reduced the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 in MM cell lines. Additionally, its efficacy toward the MM cell lines could be enhanced in combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat （LBH589）, which implied the possibility of the combination treatment of DHCE and LBH589 as a potential therapeutic strategy in MM. In addition, treatment of NCI-H929 tumor-bearing nude mice with DHCE （10 mg/kg/d, i.p., 1-14 days） resulted in 73% inhibition of the tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, the results of our present study indicated that DHCE could inhibit cellular proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in myeloma cells mediated through different mechanisms, possibly through inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 and ERK1/2 pathways. And it may pro- vide a new therapeutic option for MM patients.
Multiple myeloma （MM） is one of the most malignant cancers and is characterized by infiltration of bone marrow by plasma cells, secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins and osteolytic lesions, and its ...incidence is increasing in the middle-aged and elderly patients . As MM cells are heterogeneous and drug resistant, ini- tial MM usually progresses to the relapsed/refractory stage. Although existing therapies such as thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide can prolong the survival of MM patients, MM is still regarded as incurable. Therefore, it is necessary to establish new effective therapies to treat relapsed/refractory MM.
Achieving high catalytic performance with the lowest cost is critical for hydrogen evolution reduction. In recent years, biomass-derived carbon catalysts have triggered huge interest in catalytic ...reactions owing to the low cost, high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. A rapid growth of novel electrocatalysts is witnessed especially those based on non-precious metals, some of which approach the activity of precious metals. Synergistic interactions between metals and heteroatoms can significantly improve the electrocatalytic activity, thus transition metal-decorated biomass-based carbon materials were commonly adopted to improve HER performance. The resulting electrocatalytic activities are introduced and compared to conventional Pt/C-based electrocatalysts in present research. Moreover, the remaining challenges in the development process and future prospects of hydrogen evolution reduction catalysts are discussed.
•The advantages, synthetic methods of biomass-based catalysts for HER were summarized.•The transition metals in different forms can promote the electrocatalytic activity.•The challenges in the development process and future prospects were discussed.
Here, we describe a simple method to prepare oil-repellent surfaces with inherent reactivity. Liquid-like copolymers with pendant reactive groups are covalently immobilized onto substrates via a ...sequential layer-by-layer method. The stable and transparent nanocoatings showed oil repellency to a broad range of organic liquids even in the presence of reactive sites. Functional molecules could be covalently immobilized onto the oil-repellent surfaces. Moreover, the liquid repellency can be maintained or finely tailored after post-chemical modification via synergically tailoring the film thickness, selection of capping molecules, and labeling degree of the capping molecules. Oil-repellent surfaces that are capable of post-functionalization would have technical implications in surface coatings, membrane separation, and biomedical and analytical technologies.
Developing a highly efficient, stable and cost-effective electrocatalyst is critical for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). Herein, we present a facile approach for constructing self-supported ...N-doped carbon electrocatalysts derived from waste silk fabric for HER. After activation of KCl and the thermal carbonization process, the resulting catalysts present a unique porous three-dimensional(3D) structure that can expose more active sites and will promote the efficient diffusion of the electrolyte. As an N-rich and self-supported HER catalyst, the synthetic materials exhibit outstanding electrocatalytic performance with the overpotential of 336.33 ± 26.22 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and long-term stability (more than 24 h). This work will explore a completely novel approach to prepare a variety of self-supporting 3D electrodes from biomass for various applications.
Display omitted
•This manuscript proposes a facile method to construct a self-supported electrocatalysts derived from waste silk fabric.•The N-rich catalyst with porous three-dimensional(3D) structure exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance.•The self-supporting 3D electrodes from biomass can be applied in various fields.
Previous studies have shown that early-life exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with an increasing risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, the specific sensitive period ...of ASD is unknown. Here, a model of dynamic whole-body concentrated PM2.5 exposure in pre- and early-postnatal male offspring rats (MORs) was established. And we found that early postnatal PM2.5 exposed rats showed more typical ASD behavioral characteristics than maternal pregnancy exposure rats, including poor social interaction, novelty avoidance and anxiety disorder. And more severe oxidative stress and inflammatory responses were observed in early postnatal PM2.5 exposed rats. Moreover, the expression level of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) was down-regulated and the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT were up-regulated in early postnatal PM2.5 exposed rats. This study suggests that early postnatal exposure to PM2.5 is more susceptible to ASD-like phenotype in offspring than maternal pregnancy exposure and the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may represent underlying mechanisms.
•Early postnatal PM2.5 exposure induced more pronounced ASD-like phenotype in male offspring rats than maternal exposure.•Early postnatal period may be a sensitive window for PM2.5 to trigger autism spectrum disorder development.•PM2.5 exposure caused neuroinflammation and reduced anti-inflammatory melatonin levels in offspring rat brains.•PI3K-AKT pathway activation may link developmental PM2.5 exposure and autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis.
For a sensitizer with a strong π‐conjugation system, a coadsorbent is needed to hinder dye aggregation. However, coadsorption always brings a decrease in dye coverage on the TiO2 surface. Organic ...‘‘D–A–π–A’’ dyes, WS‐6 and WS‐11, are designed and synthesized based on the known WS‐2 material for coadsorbent‐free, dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Compared with the traditional D–π–A structure, these D–A–π–A indoline dyes, with the additional incorporated acceptor unit of benzothiadiazole in the π‐conjugation, exhibit a broad photoresponse, high redox stability, and convenient energy‐level tuning. The attached n‐hexyl chains in both dyes are effective to suppress charge recombination, resulting in a decreased dark current and enhanced open‐circuit voltage. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies indicate that both the resistance for charge recombination and the electron lifetime are increased after the introduction of alkyl chains to the dye molecules. Without deoxycholic acid coadsorption, the power‐conversion efficiency of WS‐6 (7.76%) on a 16 μm‐thick TiO2 film device is 45% higher than that of WS‐2 (5.31%) under the same conditions. The additional n‐hexylthiophene in WS‐11 extends the photoresponse to a panchromatic spectrum but causes a low incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency.
Two hexylthiophene‐featured D–A–π–A indoline dyes, WS‐6 and WS‐11, are developed for coadsorbent‐free, dye‐sensitized solar cells. The efficiency of WS‐6 (7.76%) on 16 μm‐thick TiO2 film devices is 45% higher than that of WS‐2 (5.31%), because the dye aggregation and charge recombination can be effectively suppressed by the alkyl chain on the conjugation bridge.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Pterostilbene, a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol, has been shown to possess diverse ...pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no study of the effects of pterostilbene upon hematological malignancies. Herein, we report the antitumor activity and mechanism of pterostilbene against DLBCL cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that pterostilbene treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability. In addition, pterostilbene exhibited a strong cytotoxic effect, as evidenced not only by reductions of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) but also by increases in cellular apoptotic index and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to arrest in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, pterostilbene treatment directly up-regulated p-p38MAPK and down-regulated p-ERK1/2. In vivo, intravenous administration of pterostilbene inhibited tumor development in xenograft mouse models. Overall, the results suggested that pterostilbene is a potential anti-cancer pharmaceutical against human DLBCL by a mechanism involving the suppression of ERK1/2 and activation of p38MAPK signaling pathways.
Display omitted
An efficient transition-metal-free method for the synthesis of 5-trifluoromethyltetrazoles from arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates is reported, which relies on the use of ...trifluoroacetaldehyde N-tosylhydrazone as a convenient 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethane source. The reaction proceeds in good to excellent yields and shows a high functional group tolerance.
PDF
