In this paper, a multimode design method is proposed for motor design under multiple operation conditions. Based on the driving cycles in electric vehicles, five typical operation conditions and the ...corresponding five driving modes are determined for the multimode design. To investigate the method conveniently, a flux controllable stator permanent magnet (SPM) memory motor is selected and taken as a design example. In the design process, by using the sensitivity analysis method, the significance of the parameters in various driving modes are evaluated effectively. Based on the motor driving demands, the whole optimization design is divided into three steps, where different optimization method is applied in each step. To verify the feasibility of the multimode design method, the operation performances of the motor in different driving modes are investigated in detail. Finally, a prototype motor is built and tested. Both the simulation and experimental results reveal that the proposed design method can offer an effective design optimization for the flux-controllable SPM memory motor, where multimode operations are indispensable.
An active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) controller using phase-locking loop observer (PLLO) is proposed in this paper to improve the disturbance rejection property of speed control system. ...First, to simplify the comparison with other controllers, a universal speed controller design method based on disturbance estimation is employed, and a unified expression for different controllers is presented. Then, several common speed controllers are compared with each other, and two PLLO-based ADRC controllers are presented. After that, considering the variations of load inertia, robustness of the proposed ADRC system to inertia variation is analyzed. Finally, to improve the tracking performance for sinusoidal speed reference, an adaptive speed control system using identified inertia is presented. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In this article, a variable-saliency-ratio permanent magnet motor is designed and optimized considering driving cycles. To satisfy the demands of multi-operation conditions of EVs, a variable ...resistance is adopted and a new variable-saliency-ratio design concept is proposed to enhance output torque, widen speed range and lower irreversible demagnetization risk effectively. A multiobjective optimization considering driving cycles is proposed, where the design objective of saliency ratio is firstly selected and optimized with multiobjective genetic algorithm method. Then, the operation performances of the motor in different operation conditions are investigated in detail. Finally, a prototype motor is built and tested. Both the simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the proposed method.
This paper proposes a brushless double mechanical port flux-switching permanent-magnet motor for potential application in hybrid electric vehicles. To realize the design objectives of high-torque ...capability, low-torque ripple, and low-magnetic coupling between the inner and outer motors, a new multilevel design optimization method is proposed to conduct a multiobjectives optimization. First, by adopting the comprehensive sensitivity approach, the whole optimization design process is divided into three levels: nonsensitive level, mild-sensitive level, and strong-sensitive level. Then, to improve the whole design efficiency, the response surface method and multiobjective genetic algorithm are applied in the mild-sensitive level and strong-sensitive level, respectively. Based on the proposed design method, a compromise design among the three design objectives is considered and realized. Finally, a prototype motor is built to verify the validity of the proposed design method and motor operation.
This paper designs and compares two outer-rotor flux switching permanent-magnet (FSPM) motors, in which the two different PM topologies of the V-shape magnet and I-shape magnet are adopted ...respectively in their stator structures, namely, V-FSPM motor and I-FSPM motor. First, the design principles and motor topologies are introduced. Second, by using the comprehensive sensitivity method and sequential nonlinear programming algorithm, the two motors are optimized efficiently before comparison, where the torque and torque ripple are selected as the design objectives. And then based on the finite element analysis (FEA) method, the motor performances are evaluated in detail, such as back EMF, torque characteristics, and efficiency. To extensively explore the advantages of the two motors, the comparison work involving output torque, torque ripple, and PM usage efficiencies are further implemented under three different conditions. Finally, the two prototyped motors are manufactured and tested, respectively. The theoretical analysis is verified by the FEA results and experimental results, which reveals that both of the two motors can be interesting and potential candidates for the in-wheel traction applications.
In this paper, an outer rotor flux-switching permanent-magnet (FSPM) motor incorporating the concept of stator permanent-magnet motor into outer-rotor motor is investigated. Similar to the ...traditional FSPM motors, the torque ripple of the motor is relatively high. In order to realize the torque ripple reduction effectively, a new systematic multi-level design and control scheme is proposed to coreduce the torque ripple of the proposed motor. In motor design level, by adopting the design of experiments method and the response surface method, the lower cogging torque with desirable high output torque and efficiency can be obtained. In motor control level, the optimization model based on the iterative learning control method is proposed, wherein the optimal compensating torque can be produced to further suppress the torque ripple. Finally, a prototype motor is manufactured for evaluation. Both simulation and experiment results verify the validity of the proposed method.
In this paper, two new fault-tolerant interior permanent magnet (FT-IPM) motors are proposed and compared for achieving high fault tolerance and sensorless operating capacity under multiple ...operations. Most previous studies regarding FT-IPM motors aim to improve fault-tolerant capability but suffer from the saliency characteristic problem, which is unfavorable for sensorless control. To overcome this issue, the design idea of flux-intensifying effect is innovatively proposed. Based on this, two new FT-IPM motors with different rotor structures and slot-pole combinations are developed to achieve flux-intensifying effect. To explore the impact of different motor structures and slot-pole combinations on motor performances, the simulation and experimental results of the two motors are compared and discussed in detail. The comparison results indicate that good fault tolerance and sensorless operating performances need tradeoffs, which provide a reference for balancing the fault tolerance and sensorless operating capacity.
Permanent magnet brushless (PMBL) motors have been widely applied in electric vehicles, since they inherently offer high efficiency, high power density, and free maintenance. However, because of the ...existing problem of uncontrollable flux, their constant-power speed range is relatively narrow. In order to gain a wide speed range, by employing the new concept of the flux-intensifying effect, a new flux-intensifying PMBL (FI-PMBL) motor is proposed in this paper. The proposed motor is innovatively designed, where the topology of two-layer segmented PMs and non-uniform air gap are adopted to make the corresponding d -axis inductance L q , which is far different from the conventional interior PM motor. By using the finite-element methods, the electromagnetic performances of the proposed motor are evaluated in detail. Simulation results show that the proposed motor possesses preferable flux-weakening capability and wide speed range. In addition, the experimental results of the FI-PMBL prototype are given to verify the performances of the motor.
In this article, a radial-electromagnetic-force-harmonic-oriented design methodology is proposed to suppress motor vibration. In the proposed methodology, the radial-electromagnetic-force harmonics ...innovatively act as the effective bridge between structural field and vibration performance. And avoiding low-order and large-amplitude radial-electromagnetic-force harmonics is the premise of designing low-vibration permanent magnet (PM) motors. For extensive investigation, a 36-slot/8-pole interior PM (IPM) motor with different winding configurations and variable rotor parameters is chosen as a design example. Then, the vibration suppression methods of lowest nonzero spatial-order shifting in the stator system and dominant-harmonic-amplitude reduction in the rotor system are proposed. Next, the performances of the IPM motor are simulated for validating the proposed methodology. Finally, a prototype motor is fabricated and experimented. Both theoretical derivation and test results are presented to verify the validity of the motor and the proposed design methodology.
In this paper, in order to further reduce torque ripple and improve power factor, a new vernier permanent magnet motor is proposed, in which the design concept of dual-winding hybrid-tooth ...configuration is incorporated. In order to clarify motor torque ripple and power factor, the winding-magnetomotive-force-based design and analysis method is proposed, in which harmonic characteristics are considered as key factors during the magnetic field modulation process. The relationship between harmonics generated by winding MMF, torque ripple, and power factor are investigated. In addition, the split-tooth vernier permanent magnet motor is also investigated as a referenced motor. Detailed comparisons between the DWHT-VPM motor and ST-VPM motor are carried out, including air gap magnetic field, torque, and power factor. Both theoretical and simulation results verify the reasonability of the proposed DWHT-VPM motor, and the effectiveness of the proposed winding-MMF-based analysis method, which provide a new potential research path for the design and analysis of flux modulation motors.
