To assess levels of contamination and human health risk, we analyzed the concentrations of the heavy metals lead （Pb）, cadmium （Cd）, chromium （Cr）, and nickel （Ni） in China’s main deciduous ...fruits-apple, pear, peach, grape, and jujube. The concentration order of the heavy metals was Ni〉Cr〉Pb〉Cd. In 97.5% of the samples, heavy metal concentrations were within the maximum permissible limits. Among the fruits studied, the heavy metal concentrations in jujube and peach proved to be the highest, and those in grape proved to be the lowest. Only 2.2% of the samples were poluted by Ni, only 0.4% of the samples were poluted by Pb, and no samples were poluted by Cd or Cr. Compared with the other fruits, the combined heavy metal polution was signiifcantly higher （P〈0.05） in peach and signiifcantly lower （P〈0.05） in grape. For the combined heavy metal polution, 96.9% of the samples were at safe level, 2.32% at warning level, 0.65% at light level, and 0.13% at moderate level. In the fruits studied, the contribution of heavy metals to the daily intake rates （DIR） folowed the order of Ni〉Cr〉Pb〉Cd. The highest DIR came from apple, while the lowest DIR came from grape. For each of the heavy metals, the total DIR from ifve studied fruits corresponded to no more than 1.1% of the tolerable daily intake, indicating that no signiifcant adverse health effects are expected from the heavy metals and the fruits studied. The target hazard quotients and the total target hazard quotients demonstrated that none of the analyzed heavy metals may pose risk to consumers through the fruits studied. The highest risk was posed by apple, folowed in decreasing order by peach and pear, jujube, and grape. We suggest that the main deciduous fruits （apple, pear, peach, grape, and jujube） of China’s main producing areas are safe to eat.
Two series of N-pyridylpyrazolecarboxamide derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing D-alanine acid esters and D-serine acid esters into the skelecton of chlorantraniliprole. The ...obtained structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis and specific optical rotation analysis. Preliminary bioas-says indicated that some compounds displayed excellent insecticidal activities against Mythimna separate and Plutella xylostella in comparison with chlorantraniliprole. In particular, IIq showed excellent insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella with a mortality rate of 90% at 0.01 mg·L^-1. A 3D-QSAR （CoMSIA） study was per- formed in order to disclose the insecticidal structure-activity relationship and indicate the future work. The CoMS1A study demonstrated that large substitutes and electron deficient groups at the 3-position of pyrazole ring are favora- ble, the same as a small group near the ester groups of amino acid.
Two new fluorinated phenylisoquinoline-based iridium（Ⅲ） complexes,Ir（f2piq）2（bipy）PF6（3a） andIr（fmpiq）2（bipy）PF6（3b）（f2piq = l-（2,4-difluorophenyl）isoquinoline,fmpiq = ...1-（4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl）isoquinoline,bipy = 2,2＇-bipyridine）,have been synthesized and fully characterized.Single crystal X-ray diffraction study has been undertaken on complexes 3a and 3b,which show that each adopts the distorted octahedral coordination geometry with the cis-C,C＇ and trans-N,N＇ configuration.The photoluminescence spectra of 3a and 3b exhibit yellow and orange emission maxima at 584 and 600 nm,respectively.The frontier molecular orbital diagrams and the lowest-energy electronic transitions of 3a-3b have been calculated with density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent DFT（TD-DFT）.The absorption and emission spectra of complex 3b is red-shifted relative to those of complex 3a,as a consequence of the nature of the methyl group.
Objective To investigate the effect of H2S on lower limb ischemia-reperfusion （LIR） induced lung injury and explore the underlying mechanism.
Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control ...group, IR group, IR＋ Sodium Hydrosulphide （NariS） group and IR＋ DL-propargylglycine （PPG） group. IR group as lung injury model induced by LIR were given 4 h reperfusion following 4 h ischemia of bilateral hindlimbs with rubber bands. NariS （0.78 mg/kg） as exogenous H2S donor and PPG （60 mg/kg） which can suppress endogenous H2S production were administrated before LIR, respectively. The lungs were removed for histologic analysis, the determination of wet-to-dry weight ratios and the measurement of mRNA and protein levels of aquaporin-1 （AQP1）, aquaporin-5 （AQP5） as indexes of water transport abnormality, and mRNA and protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 （MyD88） and p-NF-KB as indexes of inflammation.
Results LIR induced lung injury was accompanied with upregulation of TLR4-Myd88-NF-κB pathway and downregulation of AQP1/AQP5. NariS pre-treatment reduced lung injury with increasing AQP1/AQP5 expression and inhibition of TLR4-Myd88-NF-KB pathway, but PPG adjusted AO.PJAO.Ps and TLR4 pathway to the opposite side and exacerbated lung injury.
Conclusion Endogenous H2S, TLR4-Myd88-NF-κB pathway and AQP1/AQP5 were involved in LIR induced lung injury. Increased H2S would alleviate lung injury and the effect is at least partially depend on the adjustment of TLR4-Myd88-NF-κB pathway and AQP1/AQP5 expression to reduce inflammatory reaction and lessen pulmonary edema.
At present, most TiAl components are produced by an investment casting process. Environmental and economic pressures have, however, resulted in a need for the industry to improve the current casting ...quality, reduce manufacturing costs and explore new markets for the process. Currently, the main problems for investment casting of TiAl alloys are cracks, porosities, and surface defects. To solve these problems, many studies have been conducted around the world, and it is found that casting defects can be reduced by improving composition and properties of the shell molds. It is important to make a summary for the related research progress for quality improvement of TiAl castings. So, the development on refractory composition of shell molds for TiAl alloy investment castings was reviewed, and research progress on deformability of shell mold for TiAl alloy castings both at home and abroad in recent years was introduced. The existing methods for deformability characterization and methods for improving the deformability of shell molds were summarized and discussed. The updated advancement in numerical simulation of TiAl alloy investment casting was presented, showing the necessity for considering the deformability of shell mold during simulation. Finally, possible research points for future studies on deformability of shell mold for TiAl alloy investment casting were proposed.
Chinese men should have a higher prostate-specific antigen （PSA） ＂gray zone＂ than the traditional value of 2.5-10.0 ng ml-1 since the incidence of prostate cancer （PCa） in Chinese men is relative ...low. We hypothesized that PSA density （PSAD） could improve the rate of PCa detection in Chinese men with a PSA higher than the traditional PSA ＂gray zone.＂ A total of 461 men with a PSA between 2.5 and 20.0 ng ml-1, who had undergone prostatic biopsy at two Chinese centers were included in the analysis. The men were then further divided into groups with a PSA between 2.5-10.0 ng ml-1 and 10.1-20.0 ng ml-1. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of PSA and PSAD for the diagnosis of PCa. In men with a PSA of 2.5-10.0 ng ml-1 or 10.1-20.0 ng ml-z, the areas under the ROC curve were higher for PSAD than for PSA. This was consistent across both centers and the cohort overall. When the entire cohort was considered, the optimal PSAD cut-off for predicting PCa in men with a PSA of 2.5-10.0 ng m1-1 was 0.15 ng ml-2 ml-2, with a sensitivity of 64.4% and specificity of 64.6%. The optimal cut-off for PSAD in men with a PSA of 10.1-20.0 ng m1-1 was 0.33 ng ml-1 ml-1, with a sensitivity of 60.3% and specificity of 82.7%. PSAD can improve the effectiveness for PCa detection in Chinese men with a PSA of 2.5-10.0 ng ml-1 （traditional Western PSA ＂gray zone＂） and 10.1-20.0 ng ml-2 （Chinese PSA ＂gray zone＂）.
Ignition delay times for n-decane/O2/Ar mixtures were measured behind reflected shock waves using endwall pressure and CH＊ emission measurements in a heated shock tube. The initial postshock ...conditions cover pressures of 0.09-0.26 MPa, temperatures of 1 227-1 536 K, and oxygen mole fractions of 3.9%-20.7% with an equivalence ratio of 1.0. The correlation formula of ignition delay dependence on pressure, temperature, and oxygen mole fraction was obtained. The current data are in good agreement with available low-pressure experimental data, and they are then compared with the prediction of a kinetic mechanism. The current measurements extend the kinetic modeling targets for the n-decane combustion at low pressures.
INTRODUCTION
Gastric sub-epithelial masses （SEMs） are relatively common findings when receiving gastric endoscopy. It is a mass, bulge, or impression visible. Computed tomography （CT） and magnetic ...resonance imaging can assist in making a diagnosis,
Objective： To explore the feasibility of using regenerated silk fibroin membrane to construct artificial skin substitutes for wound healing, it is necessary to evaluate its cytocompatibility. ...Methods： The effects of regenerated silk fibroin film on cytotoxicity, adhesion, cell cycle, and apoptosis of L929 cells, growth and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression of ECV304 cells, and VEGF, angiopoietin-1 （Ang-1）, platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF） and fibroblast growth factor 2 （FGF2） expression of WI-38 ceils were assessed by 3-（4,5）-dimethylthiahiazo （-z-yl）-3,5-di-phenytetrazolitmaromide （MTT） assay, viable cell count- ing, flow cytometry （FCM）, and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay （ELISA）. Results： We showed that the regenerated silk fibroin film was not cytotoxic to L929 cells and had no adverse influence on their adhesion, cell cycle or apoptosis; it had no adverse influence on the growth and VEGF secretion of ECV304 cells and no effect on the secretion of VEGF, Ang-1, PDGF and FGF2 by W1-38 cells. Conclusion： The regenerated silk fibroin film should be an excellent biomaterial with good cytocompatibility, providing a framework for reparation after trauma in clinical applications.
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