OBJECTIVES: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic osteoarthropathy, and apoptosis of chondrocyte is its main pathological feature, which mainly distributed from northeastern to southwestern of ...China. However, the pathogenesis of KBD still remains unknown. Recent studies have found that selenoproteins SNP may influence the KBD susceptibility, and AP-1 pathway plays an important role for regulating apoptosis-related genes. Therefore, we performed this experiment to investigate the polymorphisms of Sepl5 rs5859 andTrxR-2 rsll39793 as well as proteins expression of AP-1 pathway in KBD patients and controls for understanding KBD pathogenesis. METHODS: 208 KBD patients and 206 control subjects from Shaanxi in China were included in this study. PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism and Amplification Refractory Mutation Specific-PCR were used to detect Sepl5 rs5859 andTrxR-2 rsll39793, respectively.The protein expression levels of AP-1 signaling pathway in whole blood from 20 KBD patients and 20 healthy controls were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: The minor A-allele frequency of Sepl5 rs5859 in KBD patients was significantly higher than that of control group (PBO.OS).The cases carrying A-allele had a 2-fold increased risk of developing KBD compared with the G-allele carriers (OR 95%CI: 1.064-3.956). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution of TrxR-2 rsll39793 between KBD patients and controls.The expression levels of JUB and JUD in KBD group were higher than that in control group(p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of the minor A-allele of Sepl5 rs5859 is a risk factor for KBD. AP-1 signaling pathway is up-regulated in KBD patients, which might contribute to chondrocyte apoptosis of KBD (This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation in China No. 81573104, 81172610, 81673117).
OBJECTIVES: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic osteoarthropathy.This study is to observe the change of NF-kB signaling in KBD patients and expression of NF-kB p65 in human C28/I2 chondrocyte for ...analyzing the effect of NF-kB p65 on chondrocyte apoptosis. METHODS: 161 Patients with KBD and 312 healthy controls were randomly selected from Shaanxi, China matched by age and sex. Venous blood was collected from patients and healthy controls. The model of C28/I2 chondrocyte oxidative damage was established by using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), and cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by Hoechst 33342 and dichlorofluorescein methods, respectively. The proteins of whole blood and cells was extracted by Trizol method, expression level of NF-kB p65 molecule in whole blood were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with age and sex, differences were not statistically significant between KBD group and control group (t=0.3368P=0.737Hx2=0.407BP=0.523).The protein expression level of NF-kB p65 in KBD group was 1-833 times as high as that of control group (p<0.05). In C28/I2 chondrocyte oxidative damage model, the number of cell apoptosis increased in tBHP group and level of ROS and protein expression level of NF-kB p65 were higher than that of control group (p<0.05), however, levels of ROS were lower than that of control group (p<0.05), protein levels of NF-kB p65 were down-regulated in low and middle selenium pre-protection group compared to tBHP group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The NF-kB signaling pathway is up-regulated in KBD patients, moreover, chondrocyte experiments showed cell apoptosis was mediated via up-regulation of NF-k-B p65, and the expression of p65 is down-regulated by Na2Se03intervention, which suggest NF-kB signaling pathway play an important role in pathogenesis of KBD (This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation in China No.81573104,81172610, 81673117).
A hemorrhagic proteinase, jerdohagin, was purified from
Trimeresurus jerdonii venom by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatographies. It was a single chain polypeptide with an apparent molecular ...weight of 96 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE under the non-reducing and reducing conditions. Internal peptide sequencing indicated that it consisted of metalloproteinase, disintegrin-like and cysteine-rich domains and belonged to the class III snake venom metalloproteinases (class P-III SVMPs). Like other typical metalloproteinases, hemorrhagic activities of jerdohagin were completely inhibited by EDTA, but not by PMSF. Jerdohagin preferentially degraded α-chain of human fibrinogen. Interestingly, jerdohagin did not activate human prothrombin, whereas it cleaved human prothrombin and fragment F1 of activated human prothrombin.
Kinetic uptake of Cd, Se(IV), and Zn by Daphnia magna from the dissolved phase was determined using radiotracer techniques in moderately hard water. The metal influx rate and distribution in the soft ...tissue and the exoskeleton of the daphnids as influenced by metal concentration, inorganic ligands including pH, Ca2+ and SO42−, and body size were quantified. When the metal concentrations were <180 nM for Cd and <769 nM for Zn, the concentration factor in daphnids increased linearly within the 12 h of exposure. At a higher concentration, apparent steady state was reached after 3 h of exposure. Cadmium and Zn distribution in the soft tissues was not affected by the total ambient concentrations, whereas Se distribution in the soft tissue decreased by 7 to 10% with increasing Se concentration from 16 to 643 nM. A linear positive power relationship was found between the influx rates of the metals and the ambient concentrations. The concentration factor for Se, however, decreased significantly with increasing Se concentration in water. The influx rate of metals was inversely related to the body size in a power function. When the pH in ambient water increased from 5.0 to 7.0, the influx rate of Cd, Se, and Zn increased by 2.9, 16.6, and 4.1 times, respectively. The influx rates of Cd, Se, and Zn decreased by 6.9, 8.7, and 4.4 times, respectively, with an increase in Ca2+ concentration from 0.6 to 5.1 mM. In contrast, the uptake rates of all three metals were not significantly affected by the SO42− concentration. The majority of accumulated Se was distributed in the soft tissues after 12 h of exposure, whereas Cd and Zn were about evenly distributed in the soft tissue and exoskeleton. Any changes in pH, Ca2+, and SO42− concentrations did not apparently affect their distributions in the daphnids. Our study provides important kinetic data necessary for delineating the exposure routes and for further development of the biotic ligand model in Daphnia. Using a bioenergetic‐based kinetic model, we showed that the dissolved uptake is dominant for Zn accumulation (>50%). For Cd and Se, dietary exposure is dominant when the bioconcentration factors of these metals in phytoplankton are at the high end.
We found that a new heavy metal precipitant, disodium N,N-bis-(dithiocarboxy)piperazine, both precipitates Cu^sup 2+^ ions removes the dye from wastewater. The precipitation was based on a ...coordination polymerization reaction while the removal of the dye could be mainly attributed to an hydrophobic adsorption at pH 7.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
In situ resistance measurement of MgB2 sample was performed in flowing argon atmosphere. This set of measuring curve was compared with the in situ resistance measurement result of MgB2 sample ...performed in vacuum. This measurement result presents a resistance decreasing taken as a whole as increasing temperature from room temperature to 800DGC, and it indicated that the Mg powder began to melt at about 530DGC. At this temperature the resistance values of MgB2 sample presented a sharp down, and it is lower than MgB2 sample prepared in vacuum conditions that appeared at 638DGC. This indicated that the phase formation of MgB2 in argon atmosphere was at lower temperature than in vacuum.
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