Simultaneous regulation of the coordination environment of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) and engineering architectures with efficient exposed active sites are efficient strategies for boosting ...peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. We isolated cobalt atoms with dual nitrogen and oxygen coordination (Co−N3O1) on oxygen‐doped tubular carbon nitride (TCN) by pyrolyzing a hydrogen‐bonded cyanuric acid melamine–cobalt acetate precursor. The theoretically constructed Co−N3O1 moiety on TCN exhibited an impressive mass activity of 7.61×105 min−1 mol−1 with high 1O2 selectivity. Theoretical calculations revealed that the cobalt single atoms occupied a dual nitrogen and oxygen coordination environment, and that PMS adsorption was promoted and energy barriers reduced for the key *O intermediate that produced 1O2. The catalysts were attached to a widely used poly(vinylidene fluoride) microfiltration membrane to deliver an antibiotic wastewater treatment system with 97.5 % ciprofloxacin rejection over 10 hours, thereby revealing the suitability of the membrane for industrial applications.
A synthetic method was developed to modulate the coordination environment and regulate support architecture, thus incorporating oxygen atoms into the first shell of Co single‐atom catalysts (SACs). The high activity and 1O2 selectivity of Co−N3O1 correlated with an enhanced adsorption energy of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and reduced activation barriers. As a result, the catalysts were attached to a membrane to deliver a catalytic filter with 97.5 % ciprofloxacin rejection over 10 hours.
Diabetes is a dominating health issue with 425 million people suffering from the disease worldwide and 4 million deaths each year. To avoid further complications, the diabetic patient blood glucose ...level should be strictly monitored despite there being no cure for diabetes. Colorimetric biosensing has attracted significant attention because of its low cost, simplicity, and practicality. Recently, some nanomaterials have been found that possess unexpected peroxidase‐like activity, and great advances have been made in fabricating colorimetric glucose biosensors based on the peroxidase‐like activity of these nanomaterials using glucose oxidase. Compared with natural horseradish peroxidase, the nanomaterials exhibit flexibility in structure design and composition, and have easy separation and storage, high stability, simple preparation, and tunable catalytic activity. To highlight the significant progress in the field of nanomaterial‐based peroxidase‐like activity, this work discusses the various smart nanomaterials that mimic horseradish peroxidase and its mechanism and development history, and the applications in colorimetric glucose biosensors. Different approaches for tunable peroxidase‐like activity of nanomaterials are summarized, such as size, morphology, and shape; surface modification and coating; and metal doping and alloy. Finally, the conclusion and challenges facing peroxidase‐like activity of nanomaterials and future directions are discussed.
Recently, some nanomaterials have been found to possess unexpected peroxidase‐like activity. To highlight the significant progress in the field of nanomaterial‐based peroxidase‐like activity, this work summarizes the various smart nanomaterials that mimic horseradish peroxidase and its mechanism and development history, and their applications in colorimetric biosensing of glucose.
The wide use of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has led to increasing concern about its human health risks over the past decade. In vivo and in vitro studies are important and effective means to ...ascertain the toxic effects of PFOS on humans and its toxic mechanisms. This article systematically reviews the human health risks of PFOS based on the currently known facts found by in vivo and in vitro studies from 2008 to 2018. Exposure to PFOS has caused hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity, thyroid disruption, cardiovascular toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, and renal toxicity in laboratory animals and many in vitro human systems. These results and related epidemiological studies confirmed the human health risks of PFOS, especially for exposure via food and drinking water. Oxidative stress and physiological process disruption based on fatty acid similarity were widely studied mechanisms of PFOS toxicity. Future research for assessing the human health risks of PFOS is recommended in the chronic toxicity and molecular mechanisms, the application of various omics, and the integration of toxicological and epidemiological data.
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•Assessing human health risks of PFOS by in vivo and in vitro studies are reviewed.•Exposure to PFOS can cause significant human health risks.•The chronic toxicity and molecular mechanisms need further study.•Integration of the toxicological and epidemiological data is recommended.
Graphene has been employed as an excellent support for metal nanomaterials because of its unique structural and physicochemical properties. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with exceptional properties ...have received considerable attention in various fields; however, particle aggregation limits its application. Therefore, the combination of AgNPs and graphene based nanocomposites (Ag–graphene based nanocomposites) has been widely explored to improve their properties and applications. Excitingly, enhanced antimicrobial, catalytic, and surface enhanced Raman scattering properties are obtained after their combination. In order to have a comprehensive knowledge of these nanocomposites, this Review highlights the chemical and biological synthesis of Ag–graphene nanocomposites. In particular, their applications as antimicrobial agents, catalysts, and sensors in biomedicine, agricultural protection, and environmental remediation and detection are covered. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the synthesis and applications are also briefly discussed. Furthermore, several important issues on the challenges and new directions are also provided for further development of these nanocomposites.
Ag–graphene based nanocomposites exhibit great application potential in various fields such as antimicrobial agents, catalysts, and sensors due to the excellent properties. The shape and size of AgNPs on graphene sheets can be tuned with suitable methods for special application. The influence factors and mechanisms are discussed for enhancing the application performance.
The long noncoding RNA CBR3-AS1 has important functions in various cancers. However, the biological functions of CBR3-AS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. This study aimed to ...investigate the roles and molecular mechanisms of CBR3-AS1 in NSCLC tumorigenesis and radiosensitivity. Here, we demonstrate CBR3-AS1 overexpression in NSCLC tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue. CBR3-AS1 downregulation reduced proliferation, invasion, and migration; inhibited cell cycle progression; and promoted apoptosis of NSCLC cells. CBR3-AS1 also promoted tumor growth in vivo. CBR3-AS1 may regulate the expression and functions of the miR-409-3p target gene SOD1. CBR3-AS1 expression was negatively correlated with radiosensitivity. CBR3-AS1 downregulation decreased post-irradiation SOD1 expression, increased γH2AX formation, raised levels of reactive oxygen species, and promoted apoptosis. Our results suggest that CBR3-AS1 functions as an oncogene through the CBR3-AS1/miR-409-3p/SOD1 pathway, and may represent a new therapeutic target, especially to regulate radiosensitivity in NSCLC.
•CBR3-AS1 is upregulated in NSCLC, and promoting tumorigenesis and development.•CBR3-AS1 can function as a ceRNA of miR-409-3p to inhibit radiosensitivity of NSCLC through redox and NDA repair.•CBR3-AS1 functions as an oncogene through the CBR3-AS1/miR-409-3p/SOD1 pathway.•CBR3-AS1 could provide a new therapeutic target for NSCLC.
•Application of AuNPs-based colorimetric and electrochemical sensors are reviewed.•Four kinds of synthetic strategies for AuNPs are discussed.•Differences and relations of colorimetric and ...electrochemical sensors are summarized.•Some new regulations and challenges in this field needed to be noticed are proposed.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the huge potential functional nanoparticles in scientific research, have attained tremendous interest for their unique physical–optical property since they have been discovered. They have been very popularly used as labels in diagnostics, sensors, etc. The use of AuNPs in sensor fabrication is widespread, and so many papers have been reported over the past years. The development of AuNPs used in sensor has been reviewed in some previous papers. Most of them tend to review a certain kind of analyte using one kind of technique. However, few of these reviews include the detection of inorganic and organic contaminant, as well as biomolecules at the same time. Besides, the development for AuNPs application is very fast in modern science. Therefore, in this review we summarize some recent progresses made in the field of AuNPs research. We summarize the typical synthetic strategies of AuNPs, classify the mechanism analysis of AuNPs-based sensors, and expound the role of AuNPs in these sensors. Typical advanced examples of the newly developed AuNPs-based colorimetric and electrochemical sensors and their applications in detection of various analytes, including biomolecules, metal ions, and organic environmental hormones are presented and discussed.
•Species of bacteria and fungi that dealt with PAHs and heavy metals were reviewed.•Factors affecting bioremediation of PAHs and heavy metals were discussed.•Bioremediation mechanisms of PAHs and ...heavy metals were elucidated.•Potential research needs for this field were discussed.
In recent years, knowledge in regard to bioremediation of combined pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals by bacteria and fungi has been widely developed. This paper reviews the species of bacteria and fungi which can tackle with various types of PAHs and heavy metals entering into environment simultaneously or successively. Microbial activity, pollutants bioavailability and environmental factors (e.g. pH, temperature, low molecular weight organic acids and humic acids) can all affect the bioremediation of PAHs and heavy metals. Moreover, this paper summarizes the remediation mechanisms of PAHs and heavy metals by microbes via elucidating the interaction mechanisms of heavy metals with heavy metals, PAHs/PAHs metabolites with PAHs and PAHs with heavy metals. Based on the above reviews, this paper also discusses the potential research needs for this field.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derived nanomaterials have attracted widespread interest due to their unique properties. This article emphasizes the primary routines to improve the performance of MOF ...derivatives. Their environmental applications in particular for wastewater treatment, air purification and target-specific sensing are comprehensively summarized. In addition, the challenges and perspectives in future work are proposed.
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•An overview of the primary strategies to improve the performance of MOF-derived nanomaterials.•General discussion on recent progress of environmental cleaning and monitoring over MOF-derived nanomaterials.•The challenges and prospects related to MOF-derived porous materials for environmental applications.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as a new class of crystalline porous materials, composing of metal nodes and organic linkers, have been extensively used as versatile precursors or sacrificial templates for the preparation of numerous nanomaterials. The advantages of these MOF-derived nanomaterials such as controllable composition, tunable structure and high porosity endow them with enormous potential in many areas, including catalysis, sensors, energy storage and conversion. Herein, MOF derivatives in environment related fields are highly emphasized. The fundamental properties and general background of these nanomaterials are summarized. The primary strategies involved in compositional manipulation, pre-synthetic modulation, morphology control and post-synthetic treatment to improve the performance of MOF-derived nanomaterials are highlighted. In addition, we systematically discuss their recent progress in environmental cleaning and monitoring, especially for the wastewater treatment, air purification and target-specific sensing. Finally, the challenges and prospects of MOF-derived nanomaterials are also proposed. This article gives a comprehensive overview of MOF-derived nanomaterials for environmental applications and is expected to shed light on the further study in this highly exciting area.
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