As it is assuring an adequate supply of skilled personnel to enterprises, higher vocational education (HVE) has been attached with growing importance by our government and all sectors of society. ...Physical education (P.E.) in vocational colleges differs from traditional teaching plan, which has its unique pertinence in students' vocational skills training programs, through carrying out specialized physical exercise for students and helping them to strengthen their physical quality and vocational competitiveness in an all-round way. Therefore, the innovation of P.E. in vocational colleges should put more emphasis on students' training of professional skills, as well as their physical quality to answer for the demands of potential employers. By analyzing the test performance of vocational physical training conducted by students in a vocational college, this paper provides relevant data and practical suggestions on P.E. reform programs, which aim at constructing a more progressive P.E. system within vocational colleges that forms positive influence upon students' skill-learning and job-hunting.
Along with the popularization of higher vocational education (HVE) and wide-spreading demands of society, the transformation and reform upon HVE have gradually become hotspots within academic ...circles. Meanwhile, as a crucial part of HVE, physical education has already been proved with positive influence upon teaching effect, career shaping and job hunting. The author is going to analyze the results of physical fitness test of those vocational college students (VCS) who have taken vocational physical training, thus to provide data reference for the physical education of other vocational colleges, and help them to achieve more in specializing students' vocational physical training in the coming future.
Objective:To analyse the genetic variability of EG95 sequences and provide guidance for EG95 vaccine application against Echinococcus granulosus(E. granulosus). Methods:We analysed EG95 polymorphism ...by collecting total 97 different E. granulosus isolates from 12 different host species that originated from 10 different countries. Multiple sequence alignments and the homology were performed by Lasergene 1(DNASTAR Inc.,Madison,WI),and the phylogenetic analysis was performed by using MEGA5.1(CEMI,Tempe,AZ,USA). In addition,linear and conformational epitopes were analysed,including secondary structure,NXT/S glycosylation,fibronectin type ecoⅢ(Fnndary Ⅲ) domain and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor signal(GPIanchor). The s structure was predicted by PSIPRED method. Results:Our results indicated that most isolates overall shared 72.6-100% identity in EG95 gene sequence with the published standard EG95 sequence,X90928. However,EG95 gene indeed has polymorphism in different isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that different isolates could be divided into three subgroups. Subgroup 1 contained 87 isolates while Subgroup 2 and Subgroup 3 consisted of 3 and 7 isolates,respectively. Four sequences cloned from oncosphere shared a high identity with the parental sequence of the current vaccine,X90928,and they belonged to Subgroup 1. However,in comparison to X90928,several amino acid mutations occurred in most isolates besides oncosphere,which potentially altered the immunodominant linear epitopes,glycosylation sites and secondary structures in EG95 genes. All these variations might change their previous antigenicity and thereby affecting the efficacy of current EG95 vaccine. Conclusions:This study reveals the genetic variability of EG95 sequences in different E. granulosus isolates,and proposed that more vaccination trials would be needed to test the effectiveness of current EG95 vaccine against distinct isolates in different countries.
After the cold war, the trends of legal globalization became more and more obvious. People’s Republic of China (PRC) began its connection with the international community and the global market, and ...its legal reform after the launch of the “reform and opening-up” policy. By examining China’s labor law reform, we can see how legal globalization has influenced China’s legal system. China introduced and transplanted many institutions, terms of ILO conventions during its labor law reform. It also accepted many principles and conceptions of ILO conventions in its labor law and constitutional law, which would shape China’s labor law reform. Multinational corporations (MNC) and transnational civil society organizations (TCSO) influenced Chinese labor law reform through lobbying, advocacy, public education, and litigations. Informal norms such as Corporate Social Responsibility standards developed by MNCs and TSCOs also inspired Chinese legislators to improve China’s labor law and Chinese SCOs or business associations to develop labor standards to fill the gaps in China’s labor law and regulations. In conclusion, in the age of legal globalization, the labor law reform in China is a kind of legal transplantation. International norms, actions by multinational corporations and transnational civil society, and their informal norms together constitute the force which promotes the transplantation and the reform of China’s legal system.
Key Words: legal globalization, global governance, labor law, law reform
With the gradual decrease in freshwater resources, the available space for freshwater aquaculture is diminishing. As a result, saline-alkaline water aquaculture has emerged as a crucial method to ...fulfill the increasing demand. This study investigates the impact of alkaline water on the growth performance, tissues (gill, liver, and kidney), digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal microbiology in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The aquarium conditions were set with sodium bicarbonate (18 mmol/L (LAW), 32 mmol/L (HAW)) to simulate the alkaline water environment. A freshwater group was the control (FW). The experimental fish were cultured for 60 days. The findings revealed that NaHCO
alkaline stress significantly reduced growth performance, caused alterations in the structural morphology of gill lamellae, liver, and kidney tissues, and led to decreased activity of intestinal trypsin and lipase amylase (P < 0.05). Analysis of 16S rRNA sequences demonstrated that alkalinity influenced the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla and genera. Proteobacteria showed a significant decrease under alkaline conditions, while Firmicutes exhibited a significant increase (P < 0.05). Furthermore, alkalinity conditions significantly reduced the abundance of bacteria involved in protein, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism, cell transport, cell decomposition, and environmental information processing. Conversely, the abundance of bacteria associated with lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, organic systems, and disease functional flora increased significantly under alkalinity conditions (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this comprehensive study indicates that alkalinity stress adversely affected the growth performance of juvenile grass carp, likely due to tissue damage, reduced activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, and alterations in intestinal microorganisms.
Postoperative complications of phacoemulsification, such as corneal edema caused by human corneal endothelial cell (CEC) injury, are still a matter of concern. Although several factors are known to ...cause CEC damage, the influence of ultrasound on the formation of free radicals during surgery should be considered. Ultrasound in aqueous humor induces cavitation and promotes the formation of hydroxyl radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-induced apoptosis and autophagy in phacoemulsification have been suggested to significantly promote CEC injury. CEC cannot regenerate after injury, and measures must be taken to prevent the loss of CEC after phacoemulsification or other CEC injuries. Antioxidants can reduce the oxidative stress injury of CEC during phacoemulsification. Evidence from rabbit eye studies shows that ascorbic acid infusion during operation or local application of ascorbic acid during phacoemulsification has a protective effect by scavenging free radicals or reducing oxidative stress. Both in experiments and clinical practice, hydrogen dissolved in the irrigating solution can also prevent CEC damage during phacoemulsification surgery. Astaxanthin (AST) can inhibit oxidative damage, thereby protecting different cells from most pathological conditions, such as myocardial cells, luteinized granulosa cells of the ovary, umbilical vascular endothelial cells, and human retina pigment epithelium cell line (ARPE-19). However, existing research has not focused on the application of AST to prevent oxidative stress during phacoemulsification, and the related mechanisms need to be studied. The Rho related helical coil kinase inhibitor Y-27632 can inhibit CEC apoptosis after phacoemulsification. Rigorous experiments are required to confirm whether its effect is realized through improving the ROS clearance ability of CEC.
The majority of low-grade gliomas (LGGs) in adults invariably progress to glioblastoma over time. Spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2) is detected in numerous tumors and is involved in tumor ...occurrence and metastasis. However, the specific roles and detailed mechanisms of SPTBN2 in LGG are largely unknown. The present study performed pan-cancer analysis for the expression and prognosis of SPTBN2 in LGG using The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Genotype-Tissue Expression. Western blotting was used to detect the amount of SPTBN2 between glioma tissues and normal brain tissues. Subsequently, based on expression, prognosis, correlation and immune infiltration, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) were identified that regulated SPTBN2 expression. Finally, tumor immune infiltrates associated with SPTBN2 and prognosis were performed. Lower expression of SPTBN2 was correlated with an unfavorable outcome in LGG. A significant correlation between the low SPTBN2 mRNA expression and poor clinicopathological features was observed, including wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase status (P <0.001), 1p/19q non-codeletion (P <0.001) and elders (P=0.019). The western blotting results revealed that, compared with normal brain tissues, the amount of SPTBN2 was significantly lower in LGG tissues (P=0.0266). Higher expression of five microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs), including hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p and hsa-miR-424-5p, correlated with poor prognosis by targeting SPTBN2 in LGG. Subsequently, four long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) ARMCX5-GPRASP2, BASP1 -antisense RNA 1 (AS1), EPB41L4A-AS1 and LINC00641 were observed in the regulation of SPTBN2 via five miRNAs. Moreover, the expression of SPTBN2 was significantly correlated with tumor immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression and biomarkers of immune cells. In conclusion, SPTBN2 was lowly expressed and correlated with an unfavorable prognosis in LGG. A total of six miRNAs and four lncRNAs were identified as being able to modulate SPTBN2 in a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network of LGG. Furthermore, the current findings also indicated that SPTBN2 possessed anti-tumor roles by regulating tumor immune infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Key words: spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 2, ceRNA network, low-grade glioma, immune infiltration, outcome
BackgroundKeloids are benign skin tumors that appears on skin lesions in humans. Keloids are characterized by invasive tumor growth and are highly prone to recurrence after treatment. The incidence ...of keloids is ethnically specific; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the incidence of keloids in the Chinese population remains unclear. To date, no reports appear to have been published on the molecular characteristics underlying keloids in the Chinese population from the perspective of whole-genome sequencing. MethodsIn this study, we collected keloid samples from 9 keloid patients underwent surgery in the Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, paired them to normal skin tissues, and performed whole-exome sequencing. The average depth of the samples was 1,200×, and the average exome coverage was 98.90%. ResultsThe bioinformatics analysis identified 3,125 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 299 insertions/deletions (InDels). The major mutation characteristics of the SNVs were C > A and C > T. The non-synonymous SNV types included stopgain, and stoploss. The non-synonym InDels included frameshift deletion, frameshift insertion, and stopgain. We also found a total of 67,873 copy number variations (CNVs) in the samples. The genes with the highest mutation frequency included mucin 4 (MUC4) (55.6%), tubulin tyrosine ligase like 12 (TTLL12) (33.3%), calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 (CACNA1C) (33.3%), and mucin 12 (MUC12) (33.3%). The average tumor mutation burden (TMB) was 289 mutations/million base pair (MB). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the mutated genes were mainly concentrated in micro ribonucleic acids in cancer and the calcium signaling pathway. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that mutant genes were mainly concentrated in binding cells, cell parts, and cellular processes. ConclusionsWhole-exome sequencing was performed in the Chinese keloid patients and some potential candidate genes related to keloid occurrence and development were identified, which may provide new molecular targets for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of keloid patients.
BACKGROUND: The Ordos Basin is one of the most important areas in China because it hosts lots of sandstone-type uranium deposits and a variety of other energy and mineral resources. The occurrence of ...uranium minerals is of great significance to the genetic understanding and prospecting of sandstone-type uranium deposits. However, the complex mineral composition, fine grain size, and various types and occurrences of uranium minerals make the initial identification stage of the study difficult. Currently, radiograph and electron probe microanalysis(EMPA) have played an important role in the identification of uranium minerals. Radiography can be used to obtain the position, occurrence and radioactive form of all uranium minerals in the light film at one time, but the mineral type cannot be identified. Moreover, it is a lengthy process and must be performed in darkness. Electron probe can be used to obtain the backscattered image of the uranium mineral. However, it takes time and effort to find uranium minerals with small content and small particle size in thin slices at high magnification, and it is impossible to quickly determine the types of associated minerals in BSE images.OBJECTIVES: To find a more rapid and accurate method for identifying uranium minerals.METHODS: The automatic mineral analysis system(AMICS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) were used to identify minerals from sandstone-type uranium deposits in the north, south, and west margins of the Ordos Basin.RESULTS: The minerals in the study were identified as coffinite, pitchblende, uraninite and uranophane. Pyrite and titanium oxide were closely related to uranium minerals, and other associated minerals were identified as quartz, rutile, feldspar, mica and kaolinite.CONCLUSIONS: AMICS-SEM-EDS in situ analysis technology proves to be a reliable method for the rapid identification of uranium minerals, associated minerals, and their occurrences.
PDF
