In this study, the comparison effects of ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing (UIF) at different ultrasonic power, immersion freezing (IF), and air freezing (AF) on the protein thermal stability, ...protein structure, and physicochemical properties of adductor muscle of scallop (
) (AMS) during frozen storage were investigated. Principal component analysis and the Taylor diagram were used to comprehensively analyze all the indicators tested. The results showed that the UIF at 150 W (UIF-150) treatment was the most effective way to delay the quality deterioration of AMS during 90-day frozen storage. This was mainly because, compared to AF and IF treatments, UIF-150 treatment more effectively minimized the changes in the primary, secondary and tertiary structures of myofibrillar proteins, and it preserved the protein thermal stability of AMS by producing small and regular ice crystals in the AMS tissue during the freezing process. Moreover, the results of physicochemical properties indicated that UIF-150 treatment significantly inhibited the fat oxidation and microbiological activities of frozen AMS, and it finally maintained the microstructure and texture of AMS during frozen storage. Overall, UIF-150 has potential industrial application prospects in the rapid freezing and quality preservation of scallops.
Carbapenem-resistant (CR)
complex can be associated with high mortality, emerging as a new threat to the public health.
complex is phylogenetically close to
, one of most common species associated ...with multidrug resistance in Enterobacterale. The latest research showed that
is a complex of six species. Currently, the epidemiological and genomic characteristics of CR
complex in China are still unclear. Here, we conducted a multi-center study on 25 CR
complex collected from five representative regions in China. These isolates were, respectively, recovered from respiratory tract (12 cases, 48.0%), abdominal cavity (5 cases, 20.0%), blood (4 cases, 16.0%), urine tract (3 cases, 12.0%) and skin or soft tissue (1 cases, 4.0%). Among them, 32.0% (8/25) of patients infected with
complex had a poor prognosis. In this study, three
complex species were detected, namely
,
and
, among which
was the most common. Three carbapenemase genes were identified, including
(10, 38.5%),
(9, 34.6%) and
(6
and 1
; 7, 26.9%). Subsequent multilocus sequence typing identified various sequence types (STs), among which ST43, ST92 and ST145 were relatively common. Different from the clonal dissemination of high-risk carbapenem-resistant
strains, our research revealed a polyclonal dissemination characteristic of CR
complex in China. S1-nuclease PFGE and Southern blot experiment showed that carbapenemase genes were encoded in plasmids of different sizes. Two
-harboring plasmids were subsequently sequenced, and were characterized to be IncX3 and IncC incompatibility groups, respectively. This is the first multi-center study of CR
complex in China, which improved our understanding of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of CR
complex in China.
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•Mesoscale simulation of dispersion and alignment of CNT composites.•Dispersion possibility and average angle are proposed to do statistical measurements.•Long CNTs in well dispersed ...composites are well aligned.
Dispersion and alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in polymer composites in equilibrated and shear flow conditions are studied using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). Dispersion possibility and average angle are proposed to quantitatively measure the degree of dispersion and alignment of CNTs. Higher degree of the CNT dispersion is obtained by decreasing DPD repulsion parameter. Notable improvement of the alignment is achieved by increasing the volume fraction and the length of CNTs. The increase of CNT volume fraction is particularly efficient in enhancing the alignment of well dispersed composites when CNTs are long and the alignment of poorly dispersed composites when CNT volume fraction is small (<9.4%).
Abstract
Driven by the growing demand for next-generation displays, the development of advanced luminescent materials with exceptional photoelectric properties is rapidly accelerating, with such ...materials including quantum dots and phosphors, etc. Nevertheless, the primary challenge preventing the practical application of these luminescent materials lies in meeting the required durability standards. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has, therefore, been employed to stabilize luminescent materials, and as a result, flexible display devices have been fabricated through material modification, surface and interface engineering, encapsulation, cross-scale manufacturing, and simulations. In addition, the appropriate equipment has been developed for both spatial ALD and fluidized ALD to satisfy the low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-reliability manufacturing requirements. This strategic approach establishes the groundwork for the development of ultra-stable luminescent materials, highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and thin-film packaging. Ultimately, this significantly enhances their potential applicability in LED illumination and backlighted displays, marking a notable advancement in the display industry.
Highlights
To address the challenges of stability and efficiency in luminescent materials for displays, atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been incorporated across different scales of manufacturing.
ALD is utilized for the precise passivation and surface coating of nanocrystals and phosphors, thereby enhancing the stability of luminescent materials.
ALD is employed to fabricate dual hole injection layers, electron transport layers, and fill in the emissive layers while modifying the interface between these functional layers.
Composite barrier functional layers are designed and fabricated, bolstering both flexibility and stability for encapsulation.
A micro-inertial measurement unit (MIMU) is usually used to sense the angular rate and acceleration of the flight carrier. In this study, multiple MEMS gyroscopes were used to form a spatial ...non-orthogonal array to construct a redundant MIMU system, and an optimal Kalman filter (KF) algorithm was established by a steady-state KF gain to combine array signals to improve the MIMU's accuracy. The noise correlation was used to optimize the geometric layout of the non-orthogonal array and reveal the mechanisms of influence of correlation and geometric layout on MIMU's performance improvement. Additionally, two different conical configuration structures of a non-orthogonal array for 4,5,6,8-gyro were designed and analyzed. Finally, a redundant 4-MIMU system was designed to verify the proposed structure and KF algorithm. The results demonstrate that the input signal rate can be accurately estimated and that the gyro's error can also be effectively reduced through fusion of non-orthogonal array. The results for the 4-MIMU system illustrate that the gyro's ARW and RRW noise can be decreased by factors of about 3.5 and 2.5, respectively. In particular, the estimated errors (1σ) on the axes of
,
and
were 4.9, 4.6 and 2.9 times lower than that of the single gyroscope.
Bloodstream infections (BSIs), especially hospital-acquired BSIs, are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. However, the details about the pathogens and antimicrobial resistance profile of BSIs ...across China are still lacking.
An investigation was conducted in 10 large teaching hospitals from seven geographic regions across China in 2016 based on China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) to profile the clinical and etiological features of BSIs.
A total of 2,773 cases of BSIs were identified, a majority (97.3%) of which were monomicrobial. Overall, 38.4% (1,065/2,773) were community-acquired BSIs (CABSIs), and 61.6% (1,708/2,773) were hospital-acquired BSIs (HABSIs). Of the 2,861 pathogenic BSI isolates, 67.5% were Gram-negative bacteria, 29.6% were Gram-positive bacteria, and 2.9% were fungi. The top BSI pathogens were
,
, coagulase-negative
(CNS),
,
, and
.
and
isolates showed low susceptibility to penicillins, cephalosporins (except ceftazidime and cefepime), and ampicillin-sulbactam (13.1%-43.4% susceptible); moderate susceptibility (about 60% susceptible) to ceftazidime, cefepime, and aztreonam; and high susceptibility (>90%) to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations other than ampicillin-sulbactam, except
strains to piperacillin-tazobactam (59.2% susceptible). HABSIs were associated with significantly higher prevalence of carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing
, methicillin-resistant
, methicillin-resistant CNS, and ampicillin-resistant
than CABSIs. Overall, 42.0% of the BSI due to
strains were resistant to methicillin.
The findings about BSIs in teaching hospitals across China add more scientific evidence to inform the appropriate management of the disease.
Epidemiological characteristics and molecular features of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter (CR-Ent) species remain unclear in China. In this study, we performed a genomic study on 92 isolates from ...Enterobacter-caused infections from a multicenter study in China. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to determine the genome sequence of 92 non-duplicated CR-Ent strains collected from multiple tertiary health centres. The precise species of Enterobacter strains were identified by average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH). Molecular features of high-risk CR-Ent sequence type (ST) lineages and carbapenemase-encoding plasmids were determined. The result revealed that the most common human-source CR-Ent species in China was E. xiangfangensis (66/92, 71.93%), and the proportion of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter (CP-Ent) in CR-Ent was high (72/92, 78.26%) in comparison to other global regions. Furthermore, ST171 and ST116 E. xiangfangensis were the major lineages of CP-Ent strains, and ST171 E. xiangfangensis was more likely to cause infections in older patients. Genomic analysis also highlighted the likelihood of intra-hospital/inter-hospital clonal transmission of ST171 and ST116 E. xiangfangensis. In addition, the bla
NDM
-harbouring IncX3-type plasmid was identified as the prevalent carbapenemase-encoding plasmid carried by CR-Ent strains, and was experimentally confirmed to be able to self-transfer with high frequency. This study detailed the genomic and clinical characteristics of CR-Ent in China in the form of multicenter for the first time. The high risk of carbapenemase-producing ST171 and ST116 E. xiangfangensis, and the bla
NDM
-harbouring IncX3-type plasmid were detected and emphasized.
Covalent organic framework (COF) materials with porous character and robust structure have significant applied implications for K-ion battery (KIB) anodes, but they are limited by the low reversible ...capacity and inferior rate capability. Here, based on theoretical calculations, we identified that a porous bulk COF featuring numerous pyrazines and carbonyls in the π-conjugated periodic skeleton could provide multiple accessible redox-active sites for high-performance potassium storage. Its porous structure with a surface-dominated storage mechanism enabled the fast and stable storage of K-ions. Its insolubility in organic electrolytes and small volumetric change after potassiation ensured a robust electrode for stable cycling. As a KIB anode, this bulk COF demonstrated an unprecedentedly outstanding combination of reversible capacity (423 mAh g–1 at 0.1 C), rate capability (185 mAh g–1 at 10 C), and cyclability. The theoretical simulation and comprehensive characterizations confirmed the active sites are contributed by CO, CN, and the cation−π effect.
In order to realize maneuver combat in the modern warfare, some special military vehicles require the ability of determining their position and orientation rapidly and accurately, and the position ...and orientation system should be highly autonomous and have strong anti-jamming capability. So a high-accuracy independent position and orientation method for vehicles that utilizes strapdown inertial navigation system/Doppler radar is presented in this article. Laser gyroscopes in strapdown inertial navigation system and Doppler radar are adopted to develop a dead-reckoning system for vehicles. Subsequently, the attitude, velocity,and position-updating algorithms of dead-reckoning system are designed. The error sources of dead-reckoning system are analyzed to establish the system error model, including the attitude error equations of the mathematical platform, velocity error equations, and position error equations. The errors of strapdown inertial navigation system and deadreckoning system are selected as system states of the integrated position and orientation method. The difference between the attitude output of strapdown inertial navigation system and that of dead-reckoning system, and the difference between the position output of strapdown inertial navigation system and that of dead-reckoning system are chosen as the measurements of integrated position and orientation. Then, Kalman filter is adopted to design the filtering algorithm of integrated position and orientation. In the end, the integrated position and orientation method is validated by simulation experiment and vehicular experiment. The experimental results show that strapdown inertial navigation system/Doppler radar integration can realize accurate positioning and orientation for a long time, and the accuracy of attitude/position integration mode is significantly higher than that of velocity/position integration mode. Therefore, the former integration mode is more suitable for accurate position and orientation for vehicles.
A novel chitosan-whey protein composite film containing persimmon leaf extract (PLE) was prepared, and its application for the preservation of chicken breast meat was investigated. The results showed ...that, all fillers, including whey protein, PLE, and glycerol were well mixed and homogeneously dispersed in the chitosan-polymer substrate, forming a uniform composite film material. The intermolecular interactions between the fillers involved hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Notably, the incorporation of PLE significantly improved the mechanical properties, water and light barrier properties, and antioxidant activity of chitosan-whey protein based film. Among them, the chitosan-whey protein composite film incorporated with 0.2% (w/v) PLE (CWP-4) had a lower solubility, water content, water vapor permeability, and higher mechanical properties, light barrier properties, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the actual application of composite films on chicken breast meat preservation indicated that this novel composite film can effectively delay chicken breast meat spoilage and the lipid oxidation process, and thus, prolong the shelf life of chicken breast meat.
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