Prominent systems like the high-T_{c} cuprates and heavy fermions display intriguing features going beyond the quasiparticle description. The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model describes a (0+1)D quantum ...cluster with random all-to-all four-fermion interactions among N fermion modes which becomes exactly solvable as N→∞, exhibiting a zero-dimensional non-Fermi-liquid with emergent conformal symmetry and complete absence of quasiparticles. Here we study a lattice of complex-fermion SYK dots with random intersite quadratic hopping. Combining the imaginary time path integral with real time path integral formulation, we obtain a heavy Fermi liquid to incoherent metal crossover in full detail, including thermodynamics, low temperature Landau quasiparticle interactions, and both electrical and thermal conductivity at all scales. We find linear in temperature resistivity in the incoherent regime, and a Lorentz ratio L≡(κρ/T) varies between two universal values as a function of temperature. Our work exemplifies an analytically controlled study of a strongly correlated metal.
Social commerce has become a fiercely competitive environment. Understanding consumers’ purchase intentions can help social commerce platforms retain and attract more consumers. Social capital is one ...of the primary resources that plays a critical role in facilitating consumers’ purchase intentions in social commerce. Here, complex relationships between different dimensions of social capital are further clarified and its impact on consumers’ purchase intentions are discussed. Based on a survey of 302 social commerce users, this study utilizes an SEM and fsQCA approach to validate the effect of social capital on consumers’ purchase intentions. The SEM results reveal that the effect of structural social capital on consumers’ purchase intentions is fully mediated by relational and cognitive social capital. The fsQCA results confirm the significance of consumers’ social capital as determinants and provide the configurations that can lead to high purchase intentions. Though previous studies have discussed the factors influencing consumers’ purchase intentions, this study takes the first step toward enhancing the understanding of the configurations that link dimensions of social capital to consumers’ purchase intentions in s-commerce using fsQCA approach.
Quantum magnets provide the simplest example of strongly interacting quantum matter, yet they continue to resist a comprehensive understanding above one spatial dimension. We explore a promising ...framework in two dimensions, the Dirac spin liquid (DSL) - quantum electrodynamics (QED
) with 4 Dirac fermions coupled to photons. Importantly, its excitations include magnetic monopoles that drive confinement. We address previously open key questions - the symmetry actions on monopoles on square, honeycomb, triangular and kagome lattices. The stability of the DSL is enhanced on triangular and kagome lattices compared to bipartite (square and honeycomb) lattices. We obtain the universal signatures of the DSL on triangular and kagome lattices, including those of monopole excitations, as a guide to numerics and experiments on existing materials. Even when unstable, the DSL helps unify and organize the plethora of ordered phases in correlated two-dimensional materials.
Although clinical studies have shown promise for targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and ligand (PD-L1) signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the factors that predict which ...subtype patients will be responsive to checkpoint blockade are not fully understood.
We performed an integrated analysis on the multiple-dimensional data types including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and clinical data from cohorts of lung adenocarcinoma public (discovery set) and internal (validation set) database and immunotherapeutic patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine potentially relevant gene expression signatures between specific subgroups.
We observed that
mutation significantly increased expression of immune checkpoints and activated T-effector and interferon-γ signature. More importantly, the
comutated subgroup manifested exclusive increased expression of PD-L1 and a highest proportion of
Meanwhile,
or
-mutated tumors showed prominently increased mutation burden and specifically enriched in the transversion-high (TH) cohort. Further analysis focused on the potential molecular mechanism revealed that
or
mutation altered a group of genes involved in cell-cycle regulating, DNA replication and damage repair. Finally, immunotherapeutic analysis from public clinical trial and prospective observation in our center were further confirmed that
or
mutation patients, especially those with co-occurring
mutations, showed remarkable clinical benefit to PD-1 inhibitors.
This work provides evidence that
and
mutation in lung adenocarcinoma may be served as a pair of potential predictive factors in guiding anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
.
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China and India are the countries with the largest increase in carbon emissions and one of the fastest growing economies in the world. A better understanding of the carbon emissions ...embodied in China-India trade can service to curb carbon emission in both countries. In this work, we investigated temporal change and driving forces of the carbon emissions embodied in China-India trade from 2000 to 2015 using the Multi-Regional Input-Output model and Structural Decomposition Analysis. The results showed China was a net exporter of embodied carbon and a net exporter of trade in China-India trade, which indicated that China increased its environmental costs while gaining economic benefits. And the imbalance in China's embodied carbon trade was far greater than the trade imbalance. The industrial structure of China's export of embodied carbon and India's export of embodied carbon were difference, although electricity and heavy manufacturing industries dominated the embodied carbon exports of China and India. The decomposition results showed the leading contributor to increase in the embodied carbon emissions of China and India was the increase in final demand, in which the effect of per capita demand was the main driving factor affecting the change of embodied carbon emissions. The carbon intensity coefficient effect was the driving factor in suppressing the increase in embodied carbon emissions in China and India. This research could enrich the study of carbon emission embodied in South-South trade.
Advanced Antennas for Small Satellites Gao, Steven; Rahmat-Samii, Yahya; Hodges, Richard E. ...
Proceedings of the IEEE,
03/2018, Letnik:
106, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Antenna is one of the key components onboard small satellites as its design determines the performance of all the wireless systems including telemetry, tracking and control, high-speed data downlink, ...navigation, intersatellite communications, intrasatellite communications, wireless power transfer, radars and sensors, etc. This paper presents a review of recent development in advanced antennas for small satellites (MiniSat, MicroSat, NanoSat, CubeSat, etc.). A number of recent examples of antennas for small satellite applications are shown and discussed. A conclusion and future development in antennas for small satellites are given in the end.
A numerical method is presented to estimate the crystallization pressure of granite intrusions based on two polynomial equations obtained by an analysis of the existing haplogranite ternary phase ...diagram and associated dataset. The results indicate that the pressure is correlated respectively with normative quartz (Qtz) content and with normative albite (Ab) plus orthoclase (Or) contents of granitic rocks as follows.(1)P=−0.2426×Qtz3+26.392×Qtz2−980.74×Qtz+12563(2)P=0.2426×Ab+Or3−46.397×Ab+Or2+2981.3×Ab+Or−64224R2=0.9943
where P is pressure in MPa, and R denotes correlation coefficient. It is noted that the procedure of normalizing the sum of CIPW norm (quartz, albite, orthoclase) contents to 100% is required before using Eqs. (1) and (2). The difference in pressure calculations between these two equations is ≤16MPa for the range of normative quartz contents from 15 to 40wt%. An example of how to use these equations to estimate the crystallization pressure of a granite intrusion is also provided to show the validity and convenience of this method. The uncertainty of such pressure estimation is not well known, although it must fall into the uncertainty range of the existing experimental work on pressure constraints.
The simplicity of this empirical method is appreciable, although its applicability to natural granitoids needs further test. More experimental work is required to constrain the effects of components, such as CaO, FeO, MgO, F, Cl, CO2, on the granite phase equilibria. These equations, however, can be used for estimating crystallization pressures of water-saturated and quartz-oversaturated granitic systems.
•Crystallization pressure of a granite intrusion is a function of its normative quartz (or silica) content.•Two complementary polynomial equations can be readily used for estimation of the crystallization pressures of granite intrusions.•These equations may be applied to granites with normative quartz contents ranging from 15% to 40%.
The canonical understanding of quantum oscillation in metals is challenged by the observation of the de Haas-van Alphen effect in an insulator, SmB_{6} Tan et al, Science 349, 287 (2015). Based on a ...two-band model with inverted band structure, we show that the periodically narrowing hybridization gap in magnetic fields can induce the oscillation of low-energy density of states in the bulk, which is observable provided that the activation energy is small and comparable to the Landau level spacing. Its temperature dependence strongly deviates from the Lifshitz-Kosevich theory. The nontrivial band topology manifests itself as a nonzero Berry phase in the oscillation pattern, which crosses over to a trivial Berry phase by increasing the temperature or the magnetic field. Further predictions to experiments are also proposed.
A compact low-profile all-textile multiband antenna operating in the 2.45/5.8 GHz ISM bands, mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16 2005 (3.3-3.4 GHz), and 5G sub-6 NR frequency band n77 (3.85-4.0 GHz) is proposed ...for wireless body-area network (WBAN) applications. Good broadside radiations are achieved by properly activating the inherent TM 11 , TM 21, and TM 31 modes of a circular patch antenna. An elliptical slot and a C-shaped slot are employed to tune the three modes to the desired operating frequencies. A rectangular slot is used to reduce undesirable depression in the 5.8 GHz radiation pattern. The proposed antenna is fabricated from a conductive fabric layer integrated onto a single layer of denim, making it extremely low-profile and suitable for wearable applications. It has an overall size of 60 × 60 × 1.17 mm (0.64 λ g × 0.64 λ g × 0.0125 λ g at 2.45 GHz). The measured maximum realized gains and bandwidth at the four frequencies are −0.81, −2.81, −1.16, 2.83 dBi, and 90, 190, 230, 570 MHz, respectively. Test results show that when the antenna is placed on and bent around a human arm model, the reflection coefficient has only slight influence. Since the antenna adopts full ground plane structure, the SAR values are far below the EU standard of 2 W/kg limit. With merit characteristics, the proposed design indicates a promising candidate for WBAN applications.
Baicalin, which is isolated from Radix Scutellariae, possesses strong biological activities including an anti-inflammation property. Recent studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory effect of ...baicalin is linked to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which participates in pathological changes of central nervous system diseases such as depression. In this study, we explored whether baicalin could produce antidepressant effects via regulation of TLR4 signaling in mice and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice model was performed to explore whether baicalin could produce antidepressant effects via the inhibition of neuroinflammation. To clarify the role of TLR4 in the anti-neuroinflammatory efficacy of baicalin, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was employed in mice to specially activate TLR4 and the behavioral changes were determined. Furthermore, we used LY294002 to examine the molecular mechanisms of baicalin in regulating the expression of TLR4 in vivo and in vitro using western blot, ELISA kits, and immunostaining. In the in vitro tests, the BV2 microglia cell lines and primary microglia cultures were pretreated with baicalin and LY292002 for 1 h and then stimulated 24 h with LPS. The primary microglial cells were transfected with the forkhead transcription factor forkhead box protein O 1 (FoxO1)-specific siRNA for 5 h and then co-stimulated with baicalin and LPS to investigate whether FoxO1 participated in the effect of baicalin on TLR4 expression.
The administration of baicalin (especially 60 mg/kg) dramatically ameliorated CUMS-induced depressive-like symptoms; substantially decreased the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the hippocampus; and significantly decreased the expression of TLR4. The activation of TLR4 by the LPS triggered neuroinflammation and evoked depressive-like behaviors in mice, which were also alleviated by the treatment with baicalin (60 mg/kg). Furthermore, the application of baicalin significantly increased the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and FoxO1. The application of baicalin also promoted FoxO1 nuclear exclusion and contributed to the inhibition of the FoxO1 transactivation potential, which led to the downregulation of the expression of TLR4 in CUMS mice or LPS-treated BV2 cells and primary microglia cells. However, prophylactic treatment of LY294002 abolished the above effects of baicalin. In addition, we found that FoxO1 played a vital role in baicalin by regulating the TLR4 and TLR4-mediating neuroinflammation triggered by the LPS via knocking down the expression of FoxO1 in the primary microglia.
Collectively, these results demonstrate that baicalin ameliorated neuroinflammation-induced depressive-like behaviors through the inhibition of TLR4 expression via the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway.
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