Effectively detecting pedestrians in various environments would significantly improve driving safety for autonomous vehicles. However, the degrpted visibility and blurred outline and appearance of ...pedestrian images captured during hazy weather strongly limit the effectiveness of current pedestrian detection methods. To solve this problem, this article presents three novel deep learning approaches based on you only look once. The depth wise separable convolution and linear bottleneck skills were used to reduce the computational cost and number of parameters, rendering our network more efficient. We also innovatively developed a weighted combination layer in one of the approaches by combining multiscale feature maps and a squeeze and excitation block. Collected pedestrian images in hazy weather were augmented using six strategies to enrich the database. Experimental results show that our proposed methods can effectively detect pedestrians in hazy weather, significantly outperforming state-of-the-art methods in both accuracy and speed.
In order to improve the optimization effect of the flight trajectory of the aircraft, this paper combines the thinking navigation algorithm to optimize the flight trajectory of the aircraft and ...analyzes the flight trajectory of the aircraft through the intelligent model. By processing the original satellite clock error data by the first-order difference method, the modeling data can be more suitable for nonlinear characteristics. Moreover, this paper chooses a simple network structure and uses the MEA to select the optimal initial parameters of the model for the BP neural network, which can avoid the local optimization of the BP neural network results. In addition, this paper conducts experimental analysis on the MEA-BP model through fitting data of different lengths. The simulation test results show that the thinking navigation algorithm proposed in this paper has a very obvious effect on the optimization of the flight trajectory of the aircraft.
Pitch, as a basic property of sounds and an important suprasegmental feature of speech, exerts its effect on many linguistic aspects at different levels. The current study mainly focuses on its ...pragmatic meaning realized by phonetic forms, namely the accent placement and tune. By observing the pitch curves of various renderings of utterances from the phonetic tool Praat and analyzing these typical instances, it is concluded that pitch is of great importance to listeners’ grasp of various contexts and meanings.
By detecting the defect location in high-resolution insulator images collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in various environments, the occurrence of power failure can be timely detected and the ...caused economic loss can be reduced. However, the accuracies of existing detection methods are greatly limited by the complex background interference and small target detection. To solve this problem, two deep learning methods based on Faster R-CNN (faster region-based convolutional neural network) are proposed in this paper, namely Exact R-CNN (exact region-based convolutional neural network) and CME-CNN (cascade the mask extraction and exact region-based convolutional neural network). Firstly, we proposed an Exact R-CNN based on a series of advanced techniques including FPN (feature pyramid network), cascade regression, and GIoU (generalized intersection over union). RoI Align (region of interest align) is introduced to replace RoI pooling (region of interest pooling) to address the misalignment problem, and the depthwise separable convolution and linear bottleneck are introduced to reduce the computational burden. Secondly, a new pipeline is innovatively proposed to improve the performance of insulator defect detection, namely CME-CNN. In our proposed CME-CNN, an insulator mask image is firstly generated to eliminate the complex background by using an encoder-decoder mask extraction network, and then the Exact R-CNN is used to detect the insulator defects. The experimental results show that our proposed method can effectively detect insulator defects, and its accuracy is better than the examined mainstream target detection algorithms.
Background: Exercise therapy plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The mechanism of exercise therapy in the improvement of glycolipid metabolism of T2DM ...is very complex and not completely clear. Summary: Exercise training improves the whole body metabolic health in patients with T2DM, leading to an increase in glycolipid uptake and utilization, improved insulin sensitivity, optimized body mass index, and modulated DNA methylation, etc. Recent findings support that some cytokines such as irisin, osteocalcin, and adiponectin are closely related to exercise and metabolic diseases. This study briefly reviews the physiological mechanisms of exercise therapy in diabetes and the potential role of these cytokines in exercise. Key Messages: More high-quality, targeted, randomized controlled studies are needed urgently, from mechanism study to treatment direction, to provide a more theoretical basis for exercise therapy and to explore new therapeutic targets for diabetes.
The “Belt and Road” initiative (BRI) is centrally located in China's international strategy and its implementation will benefit China's internal economic and political stability. Further, this will ...affect its relations with neighboring countries as well as current Chinese thinking on regional and global governance. However, its success will be determined by the enthusiastic acceptance of China's neighbors involved in it; thus, communicating the BRI to the world audience matters in China's international strategy. Chinese transnational corporations will be responsible for implementing specific projects in the countries along the BRI routes. By looking at China's international push for its high‐speed railways with its achievements and setbacks, this paper will explain why employing corporate public diplomacy could help China realize its global communication and future constructions of the BRI.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak originating in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, coincided with
, the period of mass migration for the annual Spring Festival. To contain its spread, ...China adopted unprecedented nationwide interventions on January 23 2020. These policies included large-scale quarantine, strict controls on travel and extensive monitoring of suspected cases. However, it is unknown whether these policies have had an impact on the epidemic. We sought to show how these control measures impacted the containment of the epidemic.
We integrated population migration data before and after January 23 and most updated COVID-19 epidemiological data into the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model to derive the epidemic curve. We also used an artificial intelligence (AI) approach, trained on the 2003 SARS data, to predict the epidemic.
We found that the epidemic of China should peak by late February, showing gradual decline by end of April. A five-day delay in implementation would have increased epidemic size in mainland China three-fold. Lifting the Hubei quarantine would lead to a second epidemic peak in Hubei province in mid-March and extend the epidemic to late April, a result corroborated by the machine learning prediction.
Our dynamic SEIR model was effective in predicting the COVID-19 epidemic peaks and sizes. The implementation of control measures on January 23 2020 was indispensable in reducing the eventual COVID-19 epidemic size.
Despite the well-recognized clinical success of therapeutic proteins, especially antibodies, their inability to penetrate the cell membrane restricts them to secretory extracellular or ...membrane-associated targets. Developing a direct cytosolic protein delivery system would offer unique opportunities for intracellular target-related therapeutic proteins. Here, we generated a supercharged polypeptide (SCP) with high cellular uptake efficiency, endosomal escape ability, and good biosafety and developed an SCP with an unnatural amino acid containing the phenylboronic acid (PBA) group, called PBA-SCP. PBA-SCP is capable of potently delivering proteins with various isoelectric points and molecular sizes into the cytosol of living cells without affecting their bioactivities. Importantly, cytosolically delivered antibodies remain functional and are capable of targeting, labeling, and manipulating diverse intracellular antigens. This study demonstrates an efficient and versatile intracellular protein delivery platform, especially for antibodies, and provides new possibilities for expanding protein-based therapeutics to intracellular “undruggable” targets.
The aim of this study was to examine the time course induction of select proteolytic muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF-1), atrogin-1, forkhead box 3A (FOXO3A), calpain-1, calpain-2, myostatin, and cytokine ...(IL -6, -8, -15, and TNF-alpha) mRNA after an acute bout of resistance (RE) or run (RUN) exercise. Six experienced RE (25 +/- 4 yr, 74 +/- 14 kg, 1.71 +/- 0.11 m) and RUN (25 +/- 4 yr, 72 +/- 5 kg, 1.81 +/- 0.07 m) subjects had muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis (RE) or gastrocnemius (RUN) before, immediately after, and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h postexercise. RE increased (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of MuRF-1 early (3.5-fold, 1-4 h), followed by a decrease in atrogin-1 (3.3-fold) and FOXO3A (1.7-fold) 8-12 h postexercise. Myostatin mRNA decreased (6.3-fold; P < 0.05) from 1 to 24 h postexercise, whereas IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha mRNA were elevated 2-12 h. RUN increased (P < 0.05) MuRF-1 (3.6-fold), atrogin-1 (1.6-fold), and FOXO3A (1.9-fold) 1-4 h postexercise. Myostatin was suppressed (3.6-fold; P < 0.05) 8-12 h post-RUN. The cytokines exhibited a biphasic response, with immediate elevation (P < 0.05) of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, followed by a second elevation (P < 0.05) 2-24 h postexercise. In general, the timing of the gene induction indicated early elevation of proteolytic genes, followed by prolonged elevation of cytokines and suppression of myostatin. These data provide basic information for the timing of human muscle biopsy samples for gene expression studies involving exercise. Furthermore, this information suggests a greater induction of proteolytic genes following RUN compared with RE.
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