Although many studies reported prognostic factors proceeding to severity of COVID-19 patients, in none of the article a prediction scoring model has been proposed. In this article a new prediction ...tool is presented in combination of Turkish experience during pandemic.
Laboratory and clinical data of 397 over 798 confirmed COVID-19 patients from Gülhane Training and Research Hospital electronic medical record system were included into this retrospective cohort study between the dates of 23 March to 18 May 2020. Patient demographics, peripheral venous blood parameters, symptoms at admission, in hospital mortality data were collected. Non-survivor and survivor patients were compared to find out a prediction scoring model for mortality.
There was 34 8.56% (95% CI:0.06-0.11) mortality during study period. Mean age of patients was 57.1±16.7 years. Older age, comorbid diseases, symptoms, such as fever, dyspnea, fatigue and gastrointestinal and WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte count, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of patients in non-survivors were significantly higher. Univariate analysis demonstrated that OR for prognostic nutritional index (PNI) tertile 1 was 18.57 (95% CI: 4.39-78.65, p<0.05) compared to tertile 2. Performance statistics of prediction scoring method showed 98% positive predictive value for criteria 1.
It is crucial to constitute prognostic clinical and laboratory parameters for faster delineation of patients who are prone to worse prognosis. Suggested prediction scoring method may guide healthcare professional to discriminate severe COVID-19 patients and provide prompt intensive therapies which is highly important due to rapid progression leading to mortality.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic and preventive effects of N-acetyl cysteine and erdosteine on renal injury associated with paracetamol (acetaminophen) ...intoxication. Materials and methods: Female albino Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control; paracetamol (1 g/kg, oral); paracetamol (1 g/kg, oral) + erdosteine (150 mg/kg/day, oral); paracetamol (1 g/kg, oral) + N-acetyl cysteine (140 mg/kg bolus, followed by 70 mg/kg, oral); N-acetyl cysteine control (140 mg/kg bolus, followed by 70 mg/kg, oral); and erdosteine control (150 mg/kg/day, oral). Potential renal injury was assessed using biochemical analyses, radionuclide imaging, and histopathological parameters. Results: In the paracetamol group, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were significantly increased compared with controls. Histopathological examination showed tubular vacuolization, tubular necrosis, and remarkable interstitial inflammation. The excretion function was observed to be insufficient on radionuclide imaging. However, in the groups treated with erdosteine or N-acetyl cysteine after paracetamol, biochemical analyses, radionuclide imaging, and histopathological parameters showed significantly less evidence of renal toxicity than that observed in the group receiving paracetamol alone. Less renal toxicity was detected in rats receiving N-acetyl cysteine than in those receiving erdosteine. Conclusion: Renal injury may develop after paracetamol overdose. Erdosteine and N-acetyl cysteine are both effective in the prevention of renal injury when given in the early phase of paracetamol nephrotoxicity. N-acetyl cysteine is more protective than erdosteine.
The search and development of natural biological additives that have a comprehensive effect as immunostimulants and improve digestion in poultry is relevant. This study was carried out at the ...Selection and Genetics Center “Zagorskoe EPH”. The control and experimental groups were formed of the 1-day-old Ross-308 cross broilers (35 heads in each). Six groups were formed. The broilers of the group No.1 (control) received basic feed (BF) with the addition of feed antibiotic Maxus. The group No.2 (control) received BF without feed antibiotic. The broilers of the group No.3 (experimental) received BF and the KH-1 chitosan complex. The group No.4 (experimental) received BF and the KHM chitosan complex with the addition of copper nanoparticles. The group No.5 (experimental) received BF and drinking preparation based on the KH-Aqua chitosan complex. The group No.6 (experimental) received BF and drinking preparation based on the KH-Aqua chitosan complex enriched with copper nanoparticles. The bacterial community of the gut cecum was analyzed using the molecular genetics method of next-generation sequencing (NGS). The addition of chitosan complexes (both supplemented with copper nanoparticles and in the drinking form) made it possible to obtain high livability of broilers with increased live body weight and decreased feed consumption per 1 kg of live body weight gain. The live body weight of 35-day-old broilers in the experimental groups was 2.96-5.70% higher than that of the control with a 5.86-8.23% decrease in feed consumption per 1 kg of live body weight gain. The results of NGS showed that the effect of chitosan complexes on the regulation of the composition of the microbiome of broilers’ cecum was predominantly positive. There was an up to 4.4-fold increase in the content of representatives of the normoflora, bacteria of the family Lactobacillaceae. The number of bacteria of genus Helicobacter, among which pathogens are often found, in the experimental groups was 2.6-33.3 times lower than in the group received antibiotics. So, the chitosan complexes were proved to be valuable supplements for poultry.
Despite the attention given in the recent years to the microbiological causes of endometritis and the potential sources of uterine microbiota infestation, more questions than answers remain in this ...research field. This paper describes an experiment carried out at the livestock farm of the Leningrad region on 6 dairy cows of the Holsteinized Russian Black Pied breed of the second lactation in the period after calving. The animals were divided into two groups (n = 3): Group 1 included clinically healthy animals, Group 2 included animals diagnosed with purulent-catarrhal post-calving endometritis. Metagenomic sequencing was performed using the MiSeq genomic sequencer (Illumina, Inc., USA) with the MiSeq Reagent Kit v3 (Illumina, Inc., USA). Based on the next-generation sequencing of microbiota of endometrial scrapings, 7 phyla of microorganisms were detected in clinically healthy cows and only 4 phyla of microorganisms in cows diagnosed with endometritis. The increase in the proportion of Fusobacteriota taxon bacteria permanently present in endometrial scrapings and the decrease in Bacteroidota phylum bacteria in the group of animals with endometritis could be related to the occurrence of this disease. Bacteria Alloprevotella, Campylobacter, Caviibacter, Falsiporphyromonas, Veillonella present only in the endometrial tissue of sick cows may be the etiological origin of endometritis. In the rumen of animals with endometritis, there was an increase in Bacteroidota phylum microorganisms (p≤0.05) against a decrease in Firmicutes phylum bacteria (p≤0.05) compared to the clinically healthy group. Using the PICRUSt2 software package (v.2.3.0), it was shown that the microbiome of cows diagnosed with endometritis showed inhibition (p≤0.05) of the potential of 9 metabolic pathways compared to healthy animals. This could have negative consequences for the body of animals and be a consequence of metabolic disorders.
Relapsed/refractory AML cases are much more resistant to chemotherapy. Venetoclax is a highly sensitive BCL-2 inhibitor. It was aimed to evaluate the effects of venetoclax therapy on real-world R/R ...AML survival outcomes, the effects of the cytogenetic characteristics of the patients and previous clinical applications on treatment response, and venetoclax treatment toxicity.
The study included patients who only received a venetoclax-based salvage on R/R AML patients from Turkey. The study included a total of 62 patients from 6 different centers in Turkey. Response to 2 cycles of venetoclax treatment was assessed by bone marrow blast rate. The demographic data, cytogenetic characteristics, AML type, MDS type, response rates and overall survival of the patients after venetoclax combination treatment were assessed. Median age of the patients was 65 (19-85). Mean number of prior treatments was 2.67 ±1.75.
13 patients (21%) had a history of allogenic stem cell transplantation. 58 (93.5%) had received HMA therapy before venetoclax. 36 patients (58.1%) had de-novo AML, and 25 (40.3%) previously had MDS. Treatment response was evaluated as complete remission (n = 21, 33.9%), partial response (n = 17, 27.4%), and treatment failure (n = 24, 38.7%). Patients in the TF group were significantly more likely to have poor cytogenetic and to have received allogeneic transplants. The mean estimated overall survival after the venetoclax treatment was 9.13 ± 0.75 months.
The study population consisted of a group of patients who had relapsed or primary refractory disease with poor prognosis, despite numerous rounds of chemotherapy. It is our belief that the high response rates obtained with the combination of venetoclax/HMA, and having obtained positive results with poor risk patients, indicated a promising perspective for R/R AML patients.
First-principles calculations of the electronic band structure and lattice dynamics for the new superconductor MgB (2) are carried out and found to be in excellent agreement with our inelastic ...neutron scattering measurements. The numerical results reveal that the E(2g) in-plane boron phonons near the zone center are very anharmonic and strongly coupled to the planar B sigma bands near the Fermi level. This giant anharmonicity and nonlinear electron-phonon coupling is key to quantitatively explaining the observed high T(c) and boron isotope effect in MgB (2).
Jet energy scale measurements and their systematic uncertainties are reported for jets measured with the ATLAS detector using proton-proton collision data with a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV, ...corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1 collected during 2015 at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed from energy deposits forming topological clusters of calorimeter cells, using the anti-kt algorithm with radius parameter R=0.4. Jets are calibrated with a series of simulation-based corrections and in situ techniques. In situ techniques exploit the transverse momentum balance between a jet and a reference object such as a photon, Z boson, or multijet system for jets with 20<pT<2000 GeV and pseudorapidities of |η|<4.5, using both data and simulation. An uncertainty in the jet energy scale of less than 1% is found in the central calorimeter region (|η|<1.2) for jets with 100<pT<500 GeV. An uncertainty of about 4.5% is found for low-pT jets with pT=20 GeV in the central region, dominated by uncertainties in the corrections for multiple proton-proton interactions. The calibration of forward jets (|η|>0.8) is derived from dijet pT balance measurements. For jets of pT=80 GeV, the additional uncertainty for the forward jet calibration reaches its largest value of about 2% in the range |η|>3.5 and in a narrow slice of 2.2<|η|<2.4.
The performance of the missing transverse momentum (
E
T
miss
) reconstruction with the ATLAS detector is evaluated using data collected in proton–proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass ...energy of 13 TeV in 2015. To reconstruct
E
T
miss
, fully calibrated electrons, muons, photons, hadronically decaying
τ
-leptons
, and jets reconstructed from calorimeter energy deposits and charged-particle tracks are used. These are combined with the soft hadronic activity measured by reconstructed charged-particle tracks not associated with the hard objects. Possible double counting of contributions from reconstructed charged-particle tracks from the inner detector, energy deposits in the calorimeter, and reconstructed muons from the muon spectrometer is avoided by applying a signal ambiguity resolution procedure which rejects already used signals when combining the various
E
T
miss
contributions. The individual terms as well as the overall reconstructed
E
T
miss
are evaluated with various performance metrics for scale (linearity), resolution, and sensitivity to the data-taking conditions. The method developed to determine the systematic uncertainties of the
E
T
miss
scale and resolution is discussed. Results are shown based on the full 2015 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
3.2
fb
-
1
.
A measurement of the mass of the
W
boson is presented based on proton–proton collision data recorded in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, and corresponding ...to
4.6
fb
-
1
of integrated luminosity. The selected data sample consists of
7.8
×
10
6
candidates in the
W
→
μ
ν
channel and
5.9
×
10
6
candidates in the
W
→
e
ν
channel. The
W
-boson mass is obtained from template fits to the reconstructed distributions of the charged lepton transverse momentum and of the
W
boson transverse mass in the electron and muon decay channels, yielding
m
W
=
80370
±
7
(
stat.
)
±
11
(
exp. syst.
)
±
14
(
mod. syst.
)
MeV
=
80370
±
19
MeV
,
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second corresponds to the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third to the physics-modelling systematic uncertainty. A measurement of the mass difference between the
W
+
and
W
-
bosons yields
m
W
+
-
m
W
-
=
-
29
±
28
MeV.
Aim
To define the attitudes of nurses working in public hospitals towards the employment of internationally educated nurses.
Background
The employment of internationally educated nurses is expected ...to be an important strategy for solving the nursing shortage in Turkey and many other countries.
Methods
This descriptive and cross‐sectional study was conducted with nurses working in seven public university hospitals in different geographical regions of Turkey in September 2015. The data were collected from 1061 nurses in these hospitals using a self‐report questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t‐test and the Mann–Whitney U test.
Results
The participants generally did not have positive attitudes towards the employment of internationally educated nurses citing the possibility of experiencing cultural and professional difficulties. They also indicated that the employment of internationally educated nurses is not a real solution for the nursing shortage unless working conditions for nurses are improved. However, younger nurses have more positive attitudes towards employment of internationally educated nurses than older ones.
Implications for nursing policy
Defining the attitudes of the nurses working in clinical fields towards the employment of internationally educated nurses is an important issue, because it provides data for reviewing the existing policies and evaluating the possible issues that require attention during implementation of these policies. Policymakers may focus on both creating better working environment conditions and helping both the native and internationally educated nurses during the recruiting process.
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