The doping of transition metal ions, such as Cu
and Mn
into a quantum dot (QD) host is one of the useful strategies in tuning its photoluminescence (PL). This study reports on a two-step synthesis of ...Cu-doped InP QDs double-shelled with ZnSe inner shell/ZnS outer shell. As a consequence of the double shelling-associated effective surface passivation along with optimal doping concentrations, Cu-doped InP/ZnSe/ZnS (InP:Cu/ZnSe/ZnS) QDs yield single Cu dopant-related emissions with high PL quantum yields of 57-58%. This study further attempted to tune PL of Cu-doped QDs through the variation of InP core size, which was implemented by adopting different types of Zn halide used in core synthesis. As the first application of doped InP QDs as electroluminescent (EL) emitters, two representative InP:Cu/ZnSe/ZnS QDs with different Cu concentrations were then employed as active emitting layers of all-solution-processed, multilayered QD-light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) with the state-of-the-art hybrid combination of organic hole transport layer plus inorganic electron transport layers. The EL performances, such as luminance and efficiencies of the resulting QLEDs with different Cu doping concentrations, were compared and discussed.
Research direction of colloidal quantum dot (QD)-based LEDs (QLEDs), whose performance has substantially progressed over last two decades, has been oriented mostly to the fabrication of ...next-generation, high-color gamut display devices particularly based on Cd-containing QDs, while their extension to solid-state planar lighting application remains nearly unexplored. In this work, we report on all-solution-processed fabrication of group I–III–VI chalcogenide, non-Cd QDs-based high-efficiency white lighting electroluminescent (EL) devices. For this, using Zn–Cu–Ga–S (ZCGS) QD emitters having a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of 80% a multilayered blue QLED consisting of poly(9-vinylcarbazole) hole transport layer (HTL) and Mg-alloyed ZnO nanoparticle electron transport layer (ETL) is first fabricated, showing a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.1%. Then, white QLEDs containing a mixture of blue ZCGS and yellow Cu–In–S QDs as a single emitting layer (EML) are constructed with the same HTL/ETL combination as above. White EL spectral distribution is facilely tunable simply by varying ZCGS-to-CIS QD content ratio in the EML of white EL device. The optimum white QLED not only generates the peak quantities of 2172 cd/m2 in luminance and 4.6% in EQE, corresponding to the record values ever reported in non-Cd white EL devices, but exhibits high color rendering index up to 82.
Display omitted
•Highly fluorescent non-Cd I−III−VI emitters of blue ZCGS and yellow CIS QDs were synthesized.•ZCGS QD-based blue EL device yielded the maximum EQE of 7.1%.•Bichromatic white QLED integrated purely with I−III−VI QD emitters exhibited the maximum EQE of 4.6%.
The low-temperature water-gas shift (WGS) reaction has been carried out at a very high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 36,201 h-1 over supported Cu catalysts prepared by an incipient wetness ...impregnation method. The preparation method was optimized to get a highly active CeO2 supported Cu catalyst for low-temperature WGS. Co-precipitated Cu-CeO2 exhibited excellent catalytic performance as well as 100% CO2 selectivity. The high activity and stability of co-precipitated Cu-CeO2 catalyst is correlated to its easier reducibility, high surface area and the nano-sized CeO2 with CuO species interacting with the support.
Background
The most relevant time of PM10 exposure to affect airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and new development of asthma in school‐aged children is unclear. The aims of this study were to ...investigate the most critical time of PM10 exposure to affect AHR and new diagnosis of asthma from AHR in school‐aged children.
Methods
Elementary schoolchildren (n = 3570) have been enrolled in a nationwide prospective 4‐year follow‐up survey in Korea from 2005 to 2006. Individual annual PM10 exposure was estimated by using an ordinary kriging method from the prenatal period to 7 years of age. AHR at 7 years was defined by a methacholine PC20 ≤8 mg/mL.
Results
PM10 exposure during pregnancy and at 1 year of age showed significant effects on AHR (aOR: 1.694, 95% CI: 1.298‐2.209; and aOR: 1.750, 95% CI: 1.343‐2.282, respectively). PM10 exposure during pregnancy was associated with the risk of a new diagnosis of asthma (aOR: 2.056, 95% CI: 1.240‐3.409), with the highest risk in children with AHR at age 7 (aOR: 6.080, 95% CI: 2.150‐17.195). PM10 exposure in the second trimester was associated with the highest risk of a new diagnosis of asthma in children with AHR at age 7 (aOR: 4.136, 95% CI: 1.657‐10.326).
Conclusions
Prenatal PM10 exposure in the second trimester is associated with an increased risk of a new diagnosis of asthma in school‐aged children with AHR at 7 years. This study suggests that PM10 exposure during a specific trimester in utero may affect the onset of childhood asthma via AHR.
Higher PM10* exposure in the second trimester and AHR# at 7 years showed combined effect on the new diagnosis of asthma at school age (aOR 4.136).
PM10* exposure in the second trimester may affect the development of childhood asthma via AHR#.
*PM10: Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm.
#AHR: Airway hyperresponsiveness.
Tegoprazan, a new, fast, and strong potassium-competitive acid blocker, has been approved for the treatment of gastric acid-related diseases in Korea. However, real-world clinical data regarding this ...drug are scarce. We aimed to compare the
eradication rates of tegoprazan- and rabeprazole-based triple therapy.
We retrospectively reviewed data from patients who received first-line treatment for
infection using tegoprazan- or rabeprazole-based triple therapy for 2 weeks (50 mg tegoprazan or 20 mg rabeprazole+1,000 mg amoxicillin+500 mg clarithromycin twice daily). The primary endpoint was the eradication rate as determined by intention-to-treat analysis.
Of the 677 patients included in our study, 344 and 333 received tegoprazan-based and rabeprazole-based triple therapy, respectively. The eradication rate from intention-to-treat analysis was 76.7% (95% confidence interval CI, 72.1% to 81.0%) for tegoprazan-based triple therapy and 75.4% (95% CI, 70.5% to 79.8%) for rabeprazole-based triple therapy. There was no significant difference in the eradication rates between the two groups (p>0.999). Per-protocol analysis also revealed no significant difference between the eradication rates of the two groups (tegoprazan 83.4% 95% CI, 79.0% to 87.2% vs rabeprazole 83.5% 79.0% to 87.4%, p>0.999). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in adverse event rates between the two groups (tegoprazan, 27.6%; rabeprazole, 25.8%; p=0.604).
The eradication rate of tegoprazan-based triple therapy was similar to that of rabeprazole-based triple therapy. Further studies on the dose-escalation effect of tegoprazan for
eradication and the efficacy of tegoprazan in regimens other than conventional triple therapy are needed.
Luxury customer value Jung Choo, Ho; Moon, Heekang; Kim, Hyunsook ...
Journal of fashion marketing and management,
01/2012, Letnik:
16, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize luxury customer value and empirically test the reliability and validity of the proposed structure of it. In addition, it aims to identify ...luxury customer value factors that influence brand relationship and behavioural intention.Design methodology approach - A thorough literature study produces a comprehensive model of luxury consumer value. For an empirical test of the model, a web-based on-line survey is performed using a consumer sample in Korea. Statistical tests including CFA, second order factor analysis and structural model testing using covariance analysis are conducted.Findings - The findings show that the luxury customer value represents a second-order construct. The results provide satisfactory support for the four-value structure model composed of utilitarian, hedonic, symbolic and economic values. Utilitarian value includes excellence and functional values, whereas hedonic value encompasses aesthetic, pleasure and experiential values. Symbolic value is reflected in self-expressive and social values. Regarding the effect of luxury customer value on relationship quality, customers who perceive high symbolic, economic and functional values for luxury brands are more likely to develop a positive relationship with the brands.Originality value - In an attempt to confirm the luxury customer value structure in an emerging economy under a collective culture, this study expands previous studies on the conceptualization of luxury customer value. Through the empirical phase of the study, measures with both high reliability and validity for luxury customer value are produced, which will provide great benefits for further studies in the subject area. The association between customer value and brand relationship is examined.
In this study, we aimed to explore surgical variations in the Femoral Neck System (FNS) used for stable fixation of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.
Finite element models were established ...with surgical variations in the distance between the implant tip and subchondral bone, the gap between the plate and lateral femoral cortex, and inferior implant positioning. The models were subjected to physiological load.
Under a load of single-leg stance, Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures fixed with 10 mm shorter bolts revealed a 7% increase of the interfragmentary gap. The interfragmentary sliding, compressive, and shear stress remained similar to models with bolt tips positioned close to the subchondral bone. Inferior positioning of FNS provided a similar interfragmentary distance, but with 6% increase of the interfragmentary sliding distance compared to central positioning of bolts. Inferior positioning resulted in a one-third increase in interfragmentary compressive and shear stress. A 5 mm gap placed between the diaphysis and plate provided stability comparable to standard fixation, with a 7% decrease of interfragmentary gap and sliding distance, but similar compressive and shear stress.
Finite element analysis with FNS on Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures revealed that placement of the bolt tip close to subchondral bone provides increased stability. Inferior positioning of FNS bolt increased interfragmentary sliding distance, compressive, and shear stress. The comparable stability of the fixation model with the standard model suggests that a 5 mm gap placed between the plate and diaphysis could viably adjust the depth of the bolt. Cite this article:
2022;11(2):102-111.
: This systematic review aimed to provide a comparative analysis of the treatment outcomes, including hard and soft tissues, postoperative stability, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and quality of ...life (QoL), in patients with facial asymmetry who underwent orthognathic surgery.
: The primary objective was to address the question, "How do different factors related to surgery affect the outcomes and stability of orthognathic surgery in the correction of facial asymmetry?" A meta-analysis was conducted on the outcome parameters, such as skeletal, dental, and soft tissue symmetry, TMD, QoL, and relapse, using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method for random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were conducted considering surgery-related factors such as surgical techniques (one-jaw vs. two-jaw), use of the surgery-first approach, utilization of computer simulation, and analytical methods employed to evaluate asymmetry (2D vs. 3D).
: Forty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in the symmetry of hard and soft tissues. The subgroup analysis indicated that the treatment outcomes showed significant improvement, regardless of the factors related to surgery. Changes in TMD signs and symptoms varied according to the surgical technique used. Quality of life improved in the facial, oral, and social domains. Skeletal relapse was observed during the follow-up.
: Our findings support the positive outcomes of orthognathic surgery in the treatment of facial asymmetry in terms of skeletal and soft tissue improvements, stability, relief of TMD symptoms, and enhancement of QoL. However, most of the included studies showed a low certainty of evidence and high heterogeneity.
•Approximately 17% of the patients with COVID-19 exhibited no symptoms.•The median time from diagnosis to negative conversion was about 2 weeks in the natural course of asymptomatic COVID-19.•Time ...until negative conversion was shorter in asymptomatic COVID-19 than in symptomatic COVID-19.•Rebound of cycle threshold values was not uncommon in follow-up RT-PCR assays.
The aim of this study was to elucidate patterns of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) clearance in the natural course of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Consecutive patients with non-severe COVID-19 were included retrospectively. Asymptomatic patients with a normal body temperature and no evidence of pneumonia throughout the disease course were assigned to the asymptomatic group. The reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay was repeated every two to five days after the first follow-up RT-PCR assay. Negative conversion was defined as two consecutive negative RT-PCR assay results within a 24-h interval. Rebound of the cycle threshold (Ct) value was defined as negative from the single RT-PCR assay and positive from the following assay.
Among a total of 396 patients identified (median age 42.5 years (interquartile range (IQR) 25.0–55.0 years), 35.6% male), 68 (17.2%) were assigned to the asymptomatic group and 328 (82.8%) to the symptomatic group. The time until negative conversion was significantly shorter in the asymptomatic group than in the symptomatic group: median 14.5 days (IQR 11.0–21.0 days) and 18.0 days (IQR 15.0–22.0 days), respectively (p = 0.001). Rebound of Ct values was observed in 78 patients (19.7%).
Time until negative conversion is shorter in asymptomatic COVID-19 than in symptomatic COVID-19. Rebound of Ct values is not uncommon.
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