The ability to track individual cells in space over time is crucial to analyzing heterogeneous cell populations. Recently, microlaser particles have emerged as unique optical probes for massively ...multiplexed single-cell tagging. However, the microlaser far-field emission is inherently direction-dependent, which causes strong intensity fluctuations when the orientation of the particle varies randomly inside cells. Here, we demonstrate a general solution based on the incorporation of nanoscale light scatterers into microlasers. Two schemes are developed by introducing either boundary defects or a scattering layer into microdisk lasers. The resulting laser output is omnidirectional, with the minimum-to-maximum ratio of the angle-dependent intensity improving from 0.007 (-24 dB) to > 0.23 (-6 dB). After transfer into live cells in vitro, the omnidirectional laser particles within moving cells could be tracked continuously with high signal-to-noise ratios for 2 h, while conventional microlasers exhibited frequent signal loss causing tracking failure.
E2F transcription factors (E2Fs), a group of genes that encode a family of transcription factors, have been identified as being involved in the tumor progression of various cancer types. Increasing ...experimental evidence indicates that E2Fs are implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of eight E2Fs have yet to be analyzed. Herein we investigated the transcriptional and survival data of E2Fs in patients with breast cancer from the Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and cBioPortal databases. We found that the expression levels of E2F1-3 and 5-8 were higher in breast cancer tissues than in normal breast tissues, whereas the expression level of E2F4 was lower in the former than in the latter. The expression levels of E2F2, 5, 7, and 8 were correlated with advanced tumor stage. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database revealed that the high transcription levels of E2F1-3, 5, 7, and 8 were associated with low relapse-free survival in all of the patients with breast cancer. Conversely, high E2F4 and E2F6 levels predicted high relapse-free survival in these patients. This study implied that E2F1-3, 5, 7, and 8 are potential targets of precision therapy for patients with breast cancer and that E2F4 and 6 are new biomarkers for the prognosis of breast cancer.
The accurate taxonomic concept of the fungal
Chaetomium
species has been a hard work due to morphological similarity. Chemotaxonomy based on secondary metabolites is a powerful tool for taxonomical ...purposes, which could be used as an auxiliary reference to solve the problems encountered in the classification of
Chaetomium
. Among secondary metabolites produced by
Chaetomium
, cytochalasans and azaphilones exhibited a pattern of distribution and frequency of occurrence that establish them as chemotaxonomic markers for the
Chaetomium
species. This review attempted to elucidate the composition of the
Chaetomium
species and its relationship with classical taxonomy by summarizing the pattern of cytochalasans and azaphilones distribution and biosynthesis in the
Chaetomium
species.
Key points
•
Secondary metabolites from the genus Chaetomium are summarized.
•
Cytochalasans and azaphilones could be characteristic metabolites of the Chaetomium species.
•
Cytochalasans and azaphilones could be used to analyze for taxonomical purposes.
Graphical abstract
Marine-derived fungi of the genera
could produce novel compounds with significant bioactivities. Among these fungi, the strain
is notorious for its mutagenic mycotoxins production. However, some ...minor components with certain toxicities from
have not been specifically surveyed and might have potent biological activities. Our investigation of the marine-derived fungus
CF13-11 cultured in solid medium led to the isolation of four C-6'/C-7' epimeric drimane sesquiterpene esters, asperienes A-D (
-
). Their absolute configurations were assigned by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and Snatzke's methods. This is the first time that two pairs of C-6'/C-7' epimeric drimane sesquiterpene esters have successfully been separated. Aperienes A-D (
-
) displayed potent bioactivities towards four cell lines with the IC
values ranging from 1.4 to 8.3 μM. Interestingly, compounds
and
exhibited lower toxicities than
and
toward normal GES-1 cells, indicating more potential for development as an antitumor agent in the future.
The genus
is kind of species-scarce and undersampling basidiomycetes. Currently, only six species have been accepted into the genus and the diversity still remains incompletely understood. In this ...study, five
strains were isolated in the surface of plant leaves collected from the Baotianman Nature Reserve, Henan Province, central China. Phylogenetic analyses of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene, and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene coupled with morphological studies were employed to characterize and identify these isolates. As a result of these, two new species, namely
sp. nov. and
sp. nov., were delimited and proposed based on morphological and molecular evidence. A detailed description and illustration of both new species, as well as their differences with the close relatives in the genus are provided. An identification key for
species is also provided. This study provides further insights into our understanding of
species.
Jaw-bone defects caused by various diseases lead to aesthetic and functional complications, which can seriously affect the life quality of patients. Current treatments cannot fully meet the needs of ...reconstruction of jaw-bone defects. Thus, the research and application of bone tissue engineering are a "hot topic." As seed cells for engineering of jaw-bone tissue, oral cavity-derived stem cells have been explored and used widely. Models of jaw-bone defect are excellent tools for the study of bone defect repair in vivo. Different types of bone defect repair require different stem cells and bone defect models. This review aimed to better understand the research status of oral and maxillofacial bone regeneration.
Data were gathered from PubMed searches and references from relevant studies using the search phrases "bone" AND ("PDLSC" OR "DPSC" OR "SCAP" OR "GMSC" OR "SHED" OR "DFSC" OR "ABMSC" OR "TGPC"); ("jaw" OR "alveolar") AND "bone defect." We screened studies that focus on "bone formation of oral cavity-derived stem cells" and "jaw bone defect models," and reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of oral cavity-derived stem cells and preclinical model of jaw-bone defect models.
The type of cell and animal model should be selected according to the specific research purpose and disease type. This review can provide a foundation for the selection of oral cavity-derived stem cells and defect models in tissue engineering of the jaw bone.
Orofacial pain (OFP) is a highly prevalent disorder in mainland China that predisposes to an associated physical and psychological disability. There is lack of a good properties mainland Chinese ...version of instrument to examine OFP. This study aims to cross-cultural adaptation and evaluate psychometrics properties of the Manchester Orofacial Pain Disability Scale (MOPDS) in mainland Chinese Mandarin context.
Translation and cross-cultural adaption of the mainland Chinese version MOPDS were conducted following accepted guidelines of self-report measures. Chinese college students (N = 1039) completed the mainland Chinese version of the MOPDS for item analysis, reliability and validity tests, and measurement invariance analysis, and after a one-month interval, around 10% of the sample (n = 110) were invited to retest. To conduct the CFA and measurement invariance analysis, Mplus 8.4 was used. IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software were used for all additional studies.
We found that the mainland Chinese version of MOPDS contains 25 items, divided into two categories: physical disability and psychological disability. The scale demonstrated excellent internal reliability, test-retest reliability, and validity. The measurement invariance results proved that the scale could be applied to people of different gender, age, and health consultation status.
The results demonstrated the mainland Chinese version of MOPDS has good psychometric properties and can be used to measure the level of physical and psychological disability of Chinese OFP peoples.
Gut microbes can contribute to their hosts in food digestion, nutrient absorption, and inhibiting the growth of pathogens. However, only limited studies have focused on the gut microbiota of ...freshwater snails. Pomacea canaliculata is considered one of the worst invasive alien species in the world. Elucidating the diversity and composition of the microbiota in the gut of P. canaliculata snails may be helpful for better understanding the widespread invasion of this snail species. In this study, the buccal masses, stomachs, and intestines were isolated from seven P. canaliculata snails. The diversity and composition of the microbiota in the three gut sections were then investigated based on high-throughput Illumina sequencing targeting the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene.
The diversity of the microbiota was highest in the intestine but lowest in the buccal mass. A total of 29 phyla and 111 genera of bacteria were identified in all of the samples. In general, Ochrobactrum, a genus of putative cellulose-degrading bacteria, was the most abundant (overall relative abundance: 13.6%), followed by Sediminibacterium (9.7%), Desulfovibrio (7.8%), an unclassified genus in the family Aeromonadaceae (5.4%), and Cloacibacterium (5.4%). The composition of the microbiota was diverse among the different gut sections. Ochrobactrum (relative abundance: 23.15% ± 7.92%) and Sediminibacterium (16.95 ± 5.70%) were most abundant in the stomach, an unclassified genus in the family Porphyromonadaceae (14.28 ± 7.29%) and Leptotrichia (8.70 ± 4.46%) were highest in the buccal mass, and two genera in the families Aeromonadaceae (7.55 ± 4.53%) and Mollicutes (13.47 ± 13.03%) were highest in the intestine.
The diversity and composition of the microbiome vary among different gut sections of P. canaliculata snails. Putative cellulose-degrading bacteria are enriched in the gut of P. canaliculata.
Objectives
The Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire (GTQ) is a comprehensive scale for screening and assessing trismus in head and neck (H&N) cancer and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) patients. ...This study aimed to translate and cross‐culturally adapt the GTQ in China, and to test its measurement invariance.
Methods
This study comprised 278 H&N cancer, 245 TMD, and 507 control patients. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were tested to assess the GTQ's reliability. The validity was evaluated through composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and correlation tests. Multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to investigate the GTQ's measurement invariance across clinical status and gender. T tests were employed to compare score differences across clinical status and gender.
Results
The Chinese version of GTQ scale shows excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The CR, AVE, and correlation values demonstrate the good validity of GTQ. The multi‐group CFA supported configural invariance across clinical status but not metric invariance, while it supported strict invariance across gender. Additionally, t tests revealed that patients with H&N cancer and TMD scored higher than the control group, while males scored higher than females.
Conclusions
The Chinese version of GTQ serves as an effective tool for screening and assessing trismus.
PDF
