In addressing the challenges of quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) using weather radar, the importance of enhancing the rainfall estimates for applications such as flash flood forecasting ...and hydropower generation management is recognized. This study employed dual-polarization weather radar data to refine the traditional Z–R relationship, which often needs higher accuracy in areas with complex meteorological phenomena. Utilizing tree-based machine learning algorithms, such as random forest and gradient boosting, this research analyzed polarimetric variables to capture the intricate patterns within the Z–R relationship. The results highlight machine learning’s potential to improve the precision of precipitation estimation, especially under challenging weather conditions. Integrating meteorological insights with advanced machine learning techniques is a remarkable achievement toward a more precise and adaptable precipitation estimation method.
A new species of Astyanax from the Rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia, Brazil, is described. This new species is distinguished from its congeners known to occur in Brazilian drainages by the presence of ...small bony hooks on all fins of mature males. Furthermore, the new species can be diagnosed by its colour pattern, which consists of a unique vertically elongated humeral blotch, a conspicuous dark drop‐shaped horizontal blotch over the caudal peduncle, tapering anteriorly and not extending to the median caudal‐fin rays, and by the absence of a conspicuous broad dark midlateral stripe. The new species differs further by having the greatest body depth just anterior to the dorsal‐fin origin, 32–35 perforated scales in the lateral line and a reduced number of branched anal‐fin rays (16–20). Apparently, the new species does not fit into any species complex of Astyanax. The occurrence of bony hooks on all fins of Astyanax is discussed.
The natural history of Copionodon pecten was studied based on observations of individuals inhabiting the Coisa Boa River in the Paraguaçu Basin, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil. This catfish ...is mainly benthonic and dwells in pools beneath riffles, over rocky substrates. Periods of activity, spatial distribution, foraging strategy and diet show variation according to ontogenetic stage, together with variation in external morphological characteristics. Small juveniles are diurnally active, swim mainly in the water column near the border of shallow pools and feed mainly on algae (Spirogyra sp.). Sub-adults and adults of C . pecten are strongly active at night, occupy the bottom of shallow pools and feed mainly on a complex of periphytic algae scratched from the substrate. Dissected specimens have a long digestive tract, which is in accordance with a predominantly algivorous diet. Immature aquatic insects constitute an important food item throughout the life of the fish. Small individuals are gregarious at night, whereas adults congregate especially during the day. When less active, these catfish are observed usually in polarized groups facing upstream. Adult individuals are apparently more numerous than juveniles within the studied population. No distinct reproductive season was recorded for C . pecten during the study, with mature individuals present throughout the year. Oocytes in various stages of development were observed within ovaries, suggesting multiple spawning over a long reproductive period. The species has low fecundity and does not show parental care or external sexual dimorphism. No evidence for a complex behavioural repertoire was found and medium- to large-sized specimens have a tendency to occupy deeper and more sheltered places.
Array database management systems (Array databases) are specialized software to streamline multi-dimensional data processing. Due to the data-hungry nature of multi-dimensional data applications ...(e.g., images and time series), array databases must ideally provide linear speedup when using a multi-processing system. However, when dealing with non-uniform memory access (NUMA) machines, array databases may require massive data movement for processing across the NUMA nodes resulting in severe performance impact. This paper investigates the performance impact of five well-known thread pinning strategies running array filtering operations in two different NUMA architectures. To identify the maximum potential performance improvement, we perform an in-width analysis evaluating all possible thread pinning combinations. Our experiments showed execution metrics of two array databases, namely SAVIME and SciDB. We observe a maximum speedup by
2.25
×
in SAVIME with a reduction in remote memory access by
5
×
. For SciDB, we observed a speedup of up to
5.83
×
and a reduction on the remote memory access by
4.1
×
. Our main finding is that well-known static thread pinning strategies only yield 48% from the potential speedup (and 26% of the energy reduction), opening multiple opportunities for improvements.
A new species of Moenkhausia is described from Rio Xingu and Rio Tapajós basins, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners, except from Moenkhausia moisae, by having more scales in ...the lateral series, 43–47 (v. 23–41 in the remaining congeners). The new species is distinguished from M. moisae by its colour pattern, which consists of a dark midlateral stripe, and an asymmetrical caudal blotch (inconspicuous or faded in specimens from the Rio Arinos) continuous with the midlateral stripe (v. narrow dark midlateral line and conspicuous, regularly rounded and symmetrical blotch not continuous with the midlateral line). The new species is putatively assumed to be mimetic to Jupiaba apenima, in the Rio Xingu and Rio Teles Pires drainages, and to Jupiaba yarina in the Rio Arinos. The two species of Jupiaba are sympatric and remarkably similar in size, general external morphology and colouration to the new species. A small difference occurs in the colouration between the two species of Jupiaba and is also observed in the two respectively sympatric morphotypes of the new species of Moenkhausia. The occurrence of polymorphic Batesian mimicry is therefore discussed for neotropical freshwater fishes.
Video decoder implementations are still evolving as they directly affect a large fraction of embedded systems nowadays. In this context, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) brings increased compression ...efficiency, which comes with extra over-head in terms of computational effort and energy consumption. At the same time, emerging Near-Data Processing (NDP) architectures promise drastic time and energy cuts for applications with data streaming behavior. In this paper, a speculative Motion Compensation (MC) is proposed to enable video decoders improvements through the exploitation of NDP. We adopted a large-vector SIMD-based NDP system (called VIMA) that provides high-performance operations over 2 K vectors. The proposed strategy leverages the correlation between the prediction modes and the motion data between spatially neighboring blocks within a frame to speculatively perform the MC for an entire region of 2Kx128 samples. MC interpolation kernels were implemented using VIMA and x86 AVX-256 SIMD libraries. Our NDP-based kernel implementation allows speedup of 1.9\times to 22\times compared to the x86 baseline solutions. Stepping forward, based on a coalescence estimation, our strategy can properly handle interpolation misses, achieving MC performance improvements from 7% to 64%.
The Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion (NMAF) includes part of the eastern Brazilian coastal drainages, has high level of fish endemism and great biogeographic significance. A taxonomic ...inventory of freshwater fishes from 25 drainages of the NMAF ecoregion and a biogeographic analysis using the Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE) method were carried out. A total of 192 native species was listed. The PAE method was applied to 24 basins and 37 species, resulting in five equally parsimonious area diagrams. The strict consensus diagram indicates the existence of two main groups of basins throughout the NMAF ecoregion. These groups were denominated: North Group and Central-South Group. The Central-South Group shows a basal polytomy composed by two Groups (Central Group and South Group) plus the rio Itapemirim basin. The North Group is composed by eight drainages from the rio Sergipe to the rio Paraguaçu, the Central Group by five drainages from the rio Cachoeira to the rio Jequitinhonha, and the South Group by nine drainages from the rio Buranhém to the rio Doce. Comments about the species distribution and the fish fauna shared with adjacent ecoregions are provided. We also present a comparison of the hypothesis of river relationships proposed herein with published phylogenetic hypotheses that include taxa relevant to this study.
A ecorregião Mata Atlântica Nordeste (NMAF) inclui parte das drenagens costeiras do leste do Brasil, tem alto grau de endemismo de peixes e grande significado biogeográfico. Um levantamento taxonômico da ictiofauna de água doce de 25 drenagens da ecorregião NMAF e uma análise biogeográfica utilizando o método de Análise de Parcimônia de Endemismo (PAE) foram realizados. Um total de 192 espécies nativas foi listado. O método PAE foi aplicado a 24 bacias e 37 espécies, resultando em cinco diagramas de áreas igualmente parcimoniosos. O diagrama de consenso estrito indica a existência de dois grupos de bacias principais ao longo da ecorregião NMAF. Estes grupos foram denominados: Grupo Norte e Grupo Centro-Sul. O Grupo Centro-Sul apresenta uma politomia basal composta por dois grupos (Grupo Centro e Grupo Sul) mais a bacia do rio Itapemirim. O Grupo Norte é formado por oito drenagens entre o rio Sergipe e o rio Paraguaçu, o Grupo Centro por cinco drenagens entre o rio Cachoeira e o rio Jequitinhonha e o Grupo Sul por nove drenagens entre o rio Buranhém e rio Doce. Comentários sobre a distribuição das espécies e a fauna compartilhada com ecorregiões adjacentes são fornecidos. Apresentamos também uma comparação da hipótese de relação aqui obtida com filogenias publicadas para alguns táxons relevantes ao presente estudo.
Two new species of Characidium, one from the rio Pardo basin, and anotherfrom the rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia, Brazil, are described. The first new speciesis distinguished from its congeners by having ...conspicuous black vertical traces on body, formed by the concentration of melanophores along posterior margin of scales. The species further differs from most congeners by the presence of a conspicuous 3-shaped black blotch on the caudal fin and isthmus not covered by scales. The other new species is distinguished from congeners by having irregular dark blotches on dorsum alternating elongation to one or the other side of body, usually not connected to lateral blotches. The species can be further characterized by the absence of conspicuous blotches or bars on fins and the presence of secondary sexual dimorphism, such as pelvic fins of mature males longer than in females and with bony hooks.
ABSTRACT A new species of Astyanax from tributaries of the rio de Contas, Bahia, Brazil, is described. The new species differs from congeners by having three horizontal series of scales from lateral ...line to pelvic-fin origin and the distal margin of third infraorbital distinctly separated from vertical and horizontal limbs of preopercle, leaving a broad area not covered by superficial bones. The new species further differs from most congeners by the presence of bony hooks on all fins of mature males. Particularly from congeners occurring in rivers of the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion, it further differs by having the highest body depth just anterior to the dorsal-fin origin, 34-37 pored lateral line scales, a vertically elongated conspicuous dark humeral blotch reaching below the lateral line and a conspicuous dark wide midlateral stripe extending from the clear area on the rear of the humeral blotch to the end of middle caudal-fin rays and forming an inconspicuous blotch on caudal peduncle.
RESUMO Uma espécie nova de Astyanax de tributários do rio de Contas, Bahia, Brasil, é descrita. A espécie nova difere das congêneres por ter três séries horizontais de escamas entre a linha lateral e a origem da nadadeira pélvica e margem distal do terceiro infraorbital distintamente separada dos ramos vertical e horizontal do pré-opérculo, deixando uma ampla área sem ossos superficiais. A espécie nova difere, ainda, da maioria das congêneres pela presença de ganchos ósseos em todas as nadadeiras de machos maduros. Particularmente das congêneres que ocorrem nas drenagens da Ecorregião Mata Atlântica Nordeste, difere ainda por ter a maior altura do corpo imediatamente anterior à origem da nadadeira dorsal, 34-37 escamas perfuradas na linha lateral, presença de uma mancha umeral conspícua, verticalmente alongada, ultrapassando ventralmente a linha lateral e uma faixa escura mediana lateral larga, estendendo-se da área clara após a mancha umeral até o fim dos raios medianos caudais e formando uma mancha inconspícua no pedúnculo caudal.
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