Digital economy is regarded countries as an inevitable choice to promote economic growth and provides new opportunities and new paths for the high-quality development of economy. For the Chinese ...market, the strong base behind cloud computing is the unstoppable development trend of the digital economy. In digital economy, the cloud as infrastructure becomes the base of the pyramid to build the digital economy. To relieve the pressure on the servers of the digital economy and develop a reasonable scheduling scheme, this paper proposes a fine-grained task scheduling method for cloud and edge computing based on a hybrid ant colony optimization algorithm. The edge computing task scheduling problem is described, and assumptions are set to simplify the difficulty of a scheduling solution. The multi-objective function is solved by using a hybrid ant colony optimization algorithm which solves computational problems by finding the optimal solution with the help of graphs. Ant colony optimization algorithm is easy to use and effective in scheduling problems. The proposed scheduling model includes an end-device layer and an edge layer. A terminal device layer consists of devices used by the clients that may generate computationally intensive tasks and are sometime uncapable to complete the tasks. The proposed scheduling policy migrates these tasks to a suitable place where they can be completed while meeting the latency requirements. The CPUs of the idle users on the end-device layer are used for other CPU-overloaded terminals. The simulation results, in terms of energy consumptions, and task scheduling delays, show that the task scheduling performance is better under the application of this method and the obtained scheduling scheme is more reasonable.
The advent of the information age has ushered in a new epoch for transmitting history and culture, fundamentally reshaped by digital and visual media innovations. This research explores the potent ...impact of visual reconstruction on the conveyance of historical and cultural narratives, spotlighting a significant leap in public engagement. From 2012 to 2019, the audience for digital historical Content witnessed an astounding growth from 1.35 million to 26.18 million—an 18.38-fold increase. The study demonstrates that visual methods make history and culture more captivating and instructive and drastically boost user interaction, with Content receiving an average of 192,700 likes. Through a set of targeted recommendations, this paper aims to refine the visual presentation on digital platforms and amplify the interactivity of historical and cultural education, offering strategic insights for enhancing the digital and visual storytelling of our past.
In this paper, an intelligent fusion teaching system is constructed in the context of deep learning. Firstly, a convolutional neural network is utilized to extract multi-level knowledge point ...features, and a nonlinear function is combined to accelerate the fusion of knowledge point features. Then, semantic features are integrated into keyword extraction, and the SKE algorithm calculates the semantic contribution value of words, and word centering density, and the words are matched according to the keyness. Finally, multiple regression analysis is used for the dynamic mining of online learning behavior data to get the frequent dynamic metric distribution set of the data so as to realize intelligent recommendations. The results show that 75% of the students believe that the integration of curriculum Civics in the cultural and creative majors can enhance the values and is conducive to the integration and development of Civics education and the construction of cultural and creative majors.
Searching for the two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs) with large bulk band gaps is the key to achieve room-temperature quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE). Using first-principles ...calculations, we demonstrated that the recently-proposed antimonene Zhang et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54, 3112-3115 (2015) can be tuned to a 2D TI by reducing the buckling height of the lattice which can be realized under tensile strain. The strain-driven band inversion in the vicinity of the Fermi level is responsible for the quantum phase transition. The buckled configuration of antimonene enables it to endure large tensile strain up to 18% and the resulted bulk band gap can be as large as 270 meV. The tunable bulk band gap makes antimonene a promising candidate material for achieving quantum spin Hall effect (QSH) at high temperatures which meets the requirement of future electronic devices with low power consumption.
Nickel-based superalloy is widely employed in aircraft engines and the hot end components of various types of gas turbines with its high strength, strong corrosion resistance and excellent thermal ...fatigue properties and thermal stability. However, nickel-based superalloy is one of the extremely difficult-to-cut materials. During the machining process, the interaction between the tool and the workpiece causes the severe plastic deformation in the local area of workpiece, and the intense friction at the tool–workpiece interface. The resulting cutting heat coupled with the serious work hardening leads to a series of flaws, such as excessive tool wear, frequent tool change, short tool life, low productivity, and large amount of power consumption etc., in which the excessive tool wear has become one of the main bottlenecks that constraints the machinability of nickel-based superalloys and its wide range of applications.
In this article, attention is mainly focused on the tool wear characteristics in the machining of nickel-based superalloys, and the state of the art in the fields of failure mechanism, monitoring and prediction, and control of tool wear are reviewed. The survey of existing works has revealed several gaps in the aspects of tool self-organizing process based on the non-equilibrium thermodynamics, tool wear considering the tool nose radius, thermal diffusion layer in coated tools, tool life prediction based on the thermal–mechanical coupling, and industrial application of tool wear online monitoring devices. The review aims at providing an insight into the tool wear characteristics in the machining of nickel-based superalloys and shows the great potential for further investigations and innovation in the field of tool wear.
A review of the causes, mechanisms, types and consequences of the tool wear in cutting of nickel-based superalloys Display omitted .
► Machining of nickel-based superalloys often results in excessive tool wear. ► Tool wear is considered to be a result of mechanical and chemical interactions. ► Analytical, experimental, and FE methods are employed for analysis of tool wear. ► Novel assisted technologies can be applied into the effective control of tool wear. ► Thermal wear of tools should be of widespread concern in machining process.
Background Obesity and being overweight are becoming epidemic, and indeed, the proportion of such women of reproductive age has increased in recent times. Being overweight or obese prior to pregnancy ...is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus, and increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome for both mothers and their offspring. Furthermore, the combination of gestational diabetes mellitus with obesity/overweight status may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome attributable to either factor alone. Regular exercise has the potential to reduce the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus and can be used during pregnancy; however, its efficacy remain controversial. At present, most exercise training interventions are implemented on Caucasian women and in the second trimester, and there is a paucity of studies focusing on overweight/obese pregnant women. Objective We sought to test the efficacy of regular exercise in early pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese overweight/obese pregnant women. Study Design This was a prospective randomized clinical trial in which nonsmoking women age >18 years with a singleton pregnancy who met the criteria for overweight/obese status (body mass index <28/≥28 kg/m2 ) and had an uncomplicated pregnancy at <12+6 weeks of gestation were randomly allocated to either exercise or a control group. Patients did not have contraindications to physical activity. Patients allocated to the exercise group were assigned to exercise 3 times per week (at least 30 min/session with a rating of perceived exertion between 12-14) via a cycling program begun within 3 days of randomization until 37 weeks of gestation. Those in the control group continued their usual daily activities. Both groups received standard prenatal care, albeit without special dietary recommendations. The primary outcome was incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Results From December 2014 through July 2016, 300 singleton women at 10 weeks’ gestational age and with a mean prepregnancy body mass index of 26.78 ± 2.75 kg/m2 were recruited. They were randomized into an exercise group (n = 150) or a control group (n = 150). In all, 39 (26.0%) and 38 (25.3%) participants were obese in each group, respectively. Women randomized to the exercise group had a significantly lower incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (22.0% vs 40.6%; P < .001). These women also had significantly less gestational weight gain by 25 gestational weeks (4.08 ± 3.02 vs 5.92 ± 2.58 kg; P < .001) and at the end of pregnancy (8.38 ± 3.65 vs 10.47 ± 3.33 kg; P < .001), and reduced insulin resistance levels (2.92 ± 1.27 vs 3.38 ± 2.00; P = .033) at 25 gestational weeks. Other secondary outcomes, including gestational weight gain between 25-36 gestational weeks (4.55 ± 2.06 vs 4.59 ± 2.31 kg; P = .9), insulin resistance levels at 36 gestational weeks (3.56 ± 1.89 vs 4.07 ± 2.33; P = .1), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (17.0% vs 19.3%; odds ratio, 0.854; 95% confidence interval, 0.434–2.683; P = .6), cesarean delivery (except for scar uterus) (29.5% vs 32.5%; odds ratio, 0.869; 95% confidence interval, 0.494–1.529; P = .6), mean gestational age at birth (39.02 ± 1.29 vs 38.89 ± 37 weeks’ gestation; P = .5); preterm birth (2.7% vs 4.4%, odds ratio, 0.600; 95% confidence interval, 0.140–2.573; P = .5), macrosomia (defined as birthweight >4000 g) (6.3% vs 9.6%; odds ratio, 0.624; 95% confidence interval, 0.233–1.673; P = .3), and large-for-gestational-age infants (14.3% vs 22.8%; odds ratio, 0.564; 95% confidence interval, 0.284–1.121; P = .1) were also lower in the exercise group compared to the control group, but without significant difference. However, infants born to women following the exercise intervention had a significantly lower birthweight compared with those born to women allocated to the control group (3345.27 ± 397.07 vs 3457.46 ± 446.00; P = .049). Conclusion Cycling exercise initiated early in pregnancy and performed at least 30 minutes, 3 times per week, is associated with a significant reduction in the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight/obese pregnant women. And the decrease of gestational diabetes mellitus is very relevant to the less gestational weight gain before the mid-second trimester. Furthermore, there was no evidence that the exercise prescribed in this study increased the risk of preterm birth or reduced the mean gestational age at birth.
Innate-like B cells （ILBs） are heterogeneous populations of unconventional B cells with innate sensing and responding properties. ILBs in mice are composed of B1 cells, marginal zone （MZ） B cells and ...other related B cells. ILBs maintain natural IgM levels at steady state, and after innate activation, they can rapidly acquire immune regulatory activities through the secretion of natural IgM and IL-IO. Thus, ILBs constitute an important source of IL-lO-producing regulatory B cells （Bregs）, which have been shown to play critical roles in autoimmunity, inflammation and infection. The present review highlights the latest advances in the field of ILBs and focuses on their regulatory functions. Understanding the regulatory activities of ILBs and their underlying mechanisms could open new avenues in manipulating their functions in inflammatory, infectious and other relevant diseases.
The surprise Chinese invasion of Vietnam in 1979 shocked the international community. The two communist nations had seemed firm political and cultural allies, but the twenty-nine-day border war ...imposed heavy casualties, ruined urban and agricultural infrastructure, leveled three Vietnamese cities, and catalyzed a decadelong conflict. In this groundbreaking book, Xiaoming Zhang traces the roots of the conflict to the historic relationship between the peoples of China and Vietnam, the ongoing Sino-Soviet dispute, and Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping's desire to modernize his country. Deng's perceptions of the Soviet Union, combined with his plans for economic and military reform, shaped China's strategic vision. Drawing on newly declassified Chinese documents and memoirs by senior military and civilian figures, Zhang takes readers into the heart of Beijing's decision-making process and illustrates the war's importance for understanding the modern Chinese military, as well as China's role in the Asian-Pacific world today.
•Eight commonly used Budyko-based methods were reviewed and summarized.•Eight methods were applied to evaluate streamflow variations on the Loess Plateau.•Quantitative contributions were similar ...across methods during the high-flow season.•Human activity contributed on average 73% of the decrease in the high-flow season.•Changes in runoff were more sensitive to precipitation than to PET.
Over the last five decades, runoff from the Loess Plateau has greatly decreased because of changes in the climate and intensive human activities. Comprehending and distinguishing the relative impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff is essential to adapt water-resource management and soil-and-water conservation projects to climate change. In this study, we used a technique involving integrated climate elasticity and eight Budyko-based methods to assess the relative impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff changes during high-flow and low-flow seasons in 17 catchments across the Loess Plateau during the period of 1961–2013. The results showed that, on average, runoff in the high-flow season exhibited a significant downward trend in 15/17 catchments, with an average decrease of 0.63mm/yr. In contrast, the decrease was 0.29mm/yr for the low-flow season. We also found that changes in runoff were more sensitive to variations in precipitation than variations in potential evapotranspiration, in both high-flow and low-flow seasons. The quantitative contributions from climate change and human activities as calculated by the eight Budyko-based methods were relatively similar during the high-flow season, but varied across catchments in the low-flow season. The results showed that, during the high-flow season, human activities had a greater impact on runoff changes than climate change, accounting for about 73% of the total decrease. However, in the low-flow season, which exhibits significantly increased potential evapotranspiration (p<0.01) and decreased precipitation, the influence of climate change on runoff changes was greater than the influence of human activities. The discrepancies between the results obtained via eight Budyko-based methods and the resulting uncertainties in the quantitative attributions are also discussed.
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