The high-quality development of SRDI enterprises is crucial for China to overcome critical technological bottlenecks and thereby achieve technological independence and strength. However, the factors ...driving the high-quality development of SRDI enterprises are not isolated elements, but rather a complex system of interconnected antecedents. This study employs the TOE framework and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) with 141 Chinese SRDI "little giant" listed companies as samples to explore how various factors contribute to their high-quality development. The findings indicate: (1) No single factor is necessary for SRDI enterprises' high-quality development. (2) It is the synergy of multiple factors, in various combinations, that drives their high-quality development. (3) Technological innovation plays a key role in these pathways; SRDI enterprises should leverage their resources and capabilities for a synergistic technology-organization-environment match, selecting the most suitable development path. The results of this study not only enrich our understanding of the factors influencing SRDI enterprises' high-quality development but also offer insights for both the enterprises and government policy-making.
Of the 20 ribosomally coded amino acid residues, lysine is the most frequently post-translationally modified, which has important functional and regulatory consequences. Here we report the ...identification and verification of a previously unreported form of protein post-translational modification (PTM): lysine succinylation. The succinyllysine residue was initially identified by mass spectrometry and protein sequence alignment. The identified succinyllysine peptides derived from in vivo proteins were verified by western blot analysis, in vivo labeling with isotopic succinate, MS/MS and HPLC coelution of their synthetic counterparts. We further show that lysine succinylation is evolutionarily conserved and that this PTM responds to different physiological conditions. Our study also implies that succinyl-CoA might be a cofactor for lysine succinylation. Given the apparent high abundance of lysine succinylation and the significant structural changes induced by this PTM, it is expected that lysine succinylation has important cellular functions.
Fabricating novel bimetallic metal organic framework (MOF) architectures and exploiting them as aptasensor scaffolds for detecting diverse analytes, especially cancer markers, have aroused widespread ...research attention. Herein, we report a novel strategy for obtaining ZnZr bimetallic MOFs via the MOF-on-MOF method and exploit them as an aptasensor platform for detecting the cancer marker protein tyrosine kinase-7 (PTK7). Basic characterizations reveal that the chemical structure, crystalline properties, and surface functionality of bimetallic ZnZr-MOFs can be modulated by changing the order of addition of metal precursors and organic ligands. The Zn-MOF-on-Zr-MOF hybrid exhibits a hierarchically decussated foliace, whereas Zr-MOF-on-Zn-MOF demonstrates a multilayered nanosheet structure. The electrochemical results reveal that Zr-MOF facilitates aptamer strand immobilization, whereas the Zn-MOF stabilizes the G-quadruplex formed by aptamer strands and PTK7. The Zn-MOF-on-Zr-MOF-based aptasensor outperforms the Zr-MOF-on-Zn-MOF-based one, providing ultralow detection limits of 0.84 and 0.66 pg mL−1, as obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry, respectively, within the PTK7 concentration range of 1.0 pg mL−1 to 1.0 ng mL−1. The proposed Zn-MOF-on-Zr-MOF-based aptasensor exhibits high selectivity in the presence of various interferences, good stability, reproducibility, and acceptability in human serum. The proposed strategy provides a new approach for fabricating ultrasensitive and selective bimetallic MOFs-based aptasensors and contributes to efforts to broaden their applications in early cancer diagnosis.
•A novel ZnZr bimetallic MOFs prepared by the method of MOF-on-MOF.•Zn-MOF-on-Zr-MOF exhibits the hierarchically decussated foliace.•Zr-MOF-on-Zn-MOF is the multilayered nanosheets structure.•The Zn-MOF-on-Zr-MOF-based aptasensor possesses outstanding sensing performances toward PTK7.
Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of gray mold disease, is an aggressive fungal pathogen that infects more than 200 plant species. Here, we show that some B. cinerea small RNAs (Bc-sRNAs) can ...silence Arabidopsis and tomato genes involved in immunity. These Bc-sRNAs hijack the host RNA interference (RNAi) machinery by binding to Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and selectively silencing host immunity genes. The Arabidopsis ago1 mutant exhibits reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea, and the B. cinerea dcl1 dcl2 double mutant that can no longer produce these Bc-sRNAs displays reduced pathogenicity on Arabidopsis and tomato. Thus, this fungal pathogen transfers "virulent" sRNA effectors into host plant cells to suppress host immunity and achieve infection, which demonstrates a naturally occurring cross-kingdom RNAi as an advanced virulence mechanism.
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are responsible for the immunologic tolerance of liver which is a common site for visceral metastases, suggesting its potential role as an target for cancer ...immunotherapy. However, targeted modulation of LSECs is still not achieved thus far. Here, we report LSECs are specifically targeted and modulated by melittin nanoparticles (α-melittin-NPs). Intravital imaging shows that LSECs fluoresce within 20 s after intravenous injection of α-melittin-NPs. α-melittin-NPs trigger the activation of LSECs and lead to dramatic changes of cytokine/chemokine milieu in the liver, which switches the hepatic immunologic environment to the activated state. As a result, α-melittin-NPs resist the formation of metastatic lesions with high efficiency. More strikingly, the survival rate reaches 80% in the spontaneous liver metastatic tumor model. Our research provides support for the use of α-melittin-NPs to break LSEC-mediated immunologic tolerance, which opens an avenue to control liver metastasis through the immunomodulation of LSECs.
•A potential mechanism of vermicompost on strawberry growth is proposed.•Vermicompost is a new type of bio-organic fertilizer.•Vermicompost has positive effects on growth and yield of ...strawberry.•Vermicompost improves photosynthetic parameters and enhances resistance of agrosystems.•Vermicompost increases soil enzymatic activity and microbial biomass.
Vermicompost (VC) is thought to improve soil quality and plant yield. However, the effect and mechanism of VC on strawberry growth and quality are not well known. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of VC on the morphological and physiological indexes of strawberry and on the microbial properties of soil and to analyze the potential mechanisms of VC on the growth and development of strawberry. A pot experiment was conducted in a randomized design under solar greenhouse conditions. The treatments were six different volumetric ratios of VC to soil: 100% soil (control, CK); 10% VC + 90% soil (VC10); 20% VC + 80% soil (VC20); 30% VC + 70% soil (VC30); 40% VC + 60% soil (VC40); 50% VC + 50% soil (VC50). In this study, VC not only increased growth attributes such as biomass production, plant height and leaf area but also improved fruit yield, mean fruit weight, and the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C. Notably, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate increased significantly at the white fruit stage. Additionally, 20% and 30% VC addition dramatically improved superoxide dismutase activity and reduced malondialdehyde content. We also found significant improvements in soil microbial and enzyme activity, cation exchange capacity and root activity with the application of VC compared with the control. Overall, VC had a positive effect on strawberry growth and quality, which was attributed to increases in photosynthesis rate, free radical scavenging, and soil enzymatic activity.
Strain serves as a powerful freedom to effectively, reversibly, and continuously engineer the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as bandgap, phase diagram, and ...reaction activity. Although there is a high demand for full characterization of the strain vector at local points, it is still very challenging to measure the local strain amplitude and its direction. Here, we report a novel approach to monitor the local strain vector in 2D molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) by polarization-dependent optical second-harmonic generation (SHG). The strain amplitude can be evaluated from the SHG intensity in a sensitive way (−49% relative change per 1% strain); while the strain direction can be directly indicated by the evolution of polarization-dependent SHG pattern. In addition, we employ this technique to investigate the interlayer locking effect in 2H MoSe2 bilayers when the bottom layer is under stretching but the top layer is free. Our observation, combined with ab initio calculations, demonstrates that the noncovalent interlayer interaction in 2H MoSe2 bilayers is strong enough to transfer the strain of at least 1.4% between the bottom and top layers to prevent interlayer sliding. Our results establish that SHG is an effective approach for in situ, sensitive, and noninvasive measurement of local strain vector in noncentrosymmetric 2D materials.
Abstract
The active-site density, intrinsic activity, and durability of Ni-based catalysts are critical to their application in industrial alkaline water electrolysis. This work develops a kind of ...promoters, the bixbyite-type lanthanide metal sesquioxides (Ln
2
O
3
), which can be implanted into metallic Ni by selective high-temperature reduction to achieve highly efficient Ni/Ln
2
O
3
hybrid electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction. The screened Ni/Yb
2
O
3
catalyst shows the low overpotential (20.0 mV at 10 mA cm
−2
), low Tafel slope (44.6 mV dec
−1
), and excellent long-term durability (360 h at 500 mA cm
−2
), significantly outperforming the metallic Ni and benchmark Pt/C catalysts. The remarkable hydrogen evolution activity and stability of Ni/Yb
2
O
3
are attributed to that the Yb
2
O
3
promoter with high oxophilicity and thermodynamic stability can greatly enlarge the active-site density, reduce the energy barrier of water dissociation, optimize the free energy of hydrogen adsorption, and avoid the oxidation corrosion of Ni.
Preexisting discontinuities, such as joints and beddings, are widely distributed in unconventional reservoirs. During fluid injection, hydraulic fractures strongly interact with preexisting ...discontinuities, leading to great uncertainty in prediction of fracture geometry. To investigate how preexisting discontinuities affect fracture complexity, numerical simulations are carried out using the distinct element method. A discrete fracture network (DFN) model for a shale reservoir in the southeastern Ordos basin, China is built. Four cubic models, including the (1) rock matrix model, (2) bedding model, (3) joint model and (4) bedding and joint model, are extracted from the DFN model and then are used for numerical simulations. The results indicate that preexisting discontinuities strongly influence fracture complexity: they impose a barrier for fracture growth in most cases, and thus result in a smaller fracture area and a higher fluid pressure for fracture extension. However, the roles that joints and beddings play in fracture complexity differ. Compared with the bedding model, the joint model causes a less complex fracture geometry under the same injection condition, suggesting that the joints play a more significant role in reducing fracture complexity.
•A 3D DFN model coupling different kinds of preexisting discontinuities is built.•Interaction between hydraulic fractures and preexisting discontinuities is modeled.•Influence of preexisting discontinuities on fracturing complexity is discussed.•Results show that joints play a significant role in reducing fracture complexity.
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