Exploring new electrode materials is of vital importance for improving the properties of energy storage devices. Carbon fibers have attracted significant research attention to be used as potential ...electrode materials for energy storage due to their extraordinary properties. Moreover, greatly enhanced performance has also been obtained via compositing carbon fibers with other carbon materials, metallic compounds and so on. Developments in nanotechnology and manufacturing techniques applied to high-performance advanced electrode materials have accelerated progress in this fast-moving field. In this comprehensive review, we systematically survey the current state of art on the fabrication and the corresponding electrochemical performance of carbon fiber electrode materials for energy storage, with the special focus on the applications of pure carbon fibers, carbon fibers/carbon materials, and carbon fiber/metallic compounds in batteries and supercapacitors. Additionally, the advantages and drawbacks of each class of electrode materials, and the primary challenges facing the current technologies are also discussed.
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The revolutionary role of tissue adhesives in wound closure, tissue sealing, and bleeding control necessitates the development of multifunctional materials capable of effective and scarless healing. ...In contrast to the use of traditionally utilized toxic oxidative crosslinking initiators (exemplified by sodium periodate and silver nitrate), herein, the natural polyphenolic compound tannic acid (TA) was used to achieve near instantaneous (<25s), hydrogen bond mediated gelation of citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesives combining anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities (3A-TCMBAs). The resulting materials were self-healing and possessed low swelling ratios (<60%) as well as considerable mechanical strength (up to ∼1.0 MPa), elasticity (elongation ∼2700%), and adhesion (up to 40 kPa). The 3A-TCMBAs showed strong in vitro and in vivo anti-oxidant ability, favorable cytocompatibility and cell migration, as well as photothermal antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (>90% bacterial death upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation). In vivo evaluation in both an infected full-thickness skin wound model and a rat skin incision model demonstrated that 3A-TCMBAs + NIR treatment could promote wound closure and collagen deposition and improve the collagen I/III ratio on wound sites while simultaneously inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, phased angiogenesis was observed via promotion in the early wound closure phases followed by inhibition and triggering of degradation & remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the late stage (supported by phased CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1) PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) expression as well as elevated matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) expression on day 21), resulting in scarless wound healing. The significant convergence of material and bioactive properties elucidated above warrant further exploration of 3A-TCMBAs as a significant, new class of bioadhesive.
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•Citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesive prepolymers were crosslinked with tannic acid via hydrogen bonding (3A-TCMBAs).•3A-TCMBAs showed good tissue adhesiveness, self-healing and elastic properties.•3A-TCMBAs exhibited photothermal antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficiency.•3A-TCMBAs could promote scarless wound healing by enabling phased angiogenesis.
Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) supported CdS@CuS core-shell nanorods (CdS@CuS/RGO) were prepared by a simple, solvothermal method involving cation-exchange for efficient degradation of the ...fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP). CdS@CuS/RGO delivers superior photocatalytic degradation of CIP in simulated sunlight. Ascribed to the unique nanostructure, the CIP degradation efficiency of CdS@CuS/RGO reaches 91.5%, which is higher than that of CdS (67.1%) alone. Compared with previously reported catalysts, CdS@CuS/RGO exhibits higher degradation efficiency in less time and lower dosage. Furthermore, its degradation efficiency remains at around 81.5% after five usage cycles, which represents excellent cycling stability. Free radical scavenging experiments show that superoxide radicals and holes play important roles in the degradation. The CdS@CuS/RGO utilizes the synergistic effects of CdS, CuS and RGO to effectively retard the photo corrosion of CdS upon visible light exposure, reduce the band-gap energy, suppress the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs and promote the adsorption of catalyst toward CIP, thereby, enhancing the catalytic performance of the composite.
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•CdS@CuS/RGO nanocomposites with core-shell structure prepared by simple solvothermal method.•CuS nanoparticles deposited onto a CdS surface by in situ ion exchange strategy.•CdS@CuS/RGO show enhanced visible-light photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin.•Possible photocatalytic mechanism of hybridizing CdS and CuS with RGO.
Ganoderma lucidum is a mushroom widely used for its edible and medicinal properties. Primary bioactive constituents of G. lucidum are ganoderic triterpenoids (GTs), which exhibit important ...pharmacological activity. Abscisic acid (ABA), a plant hormone, is associated with plant growth, development, and stress responses. ABA can also affect the growth, metabolism, and physiological activities of different fungi and participates in the regulation of the tetracyclic triterpenes of some plants. Our findings indicated that ABA treatment promoted GT accumulation by regulating the gene expression levels (squalene synthase (sqs), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (hmgr), and lanosterol synthase (ls)), and also activated cytosolic Ca2+ channels. Furthermore, under ABA mediation, exogenous Ca2+ donors and inhibitors directly affected the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and related gene expression in Ca2+ signaling. Our study also revealed that ABA-mediated cytosolic Ca2+ played a crucial regulatory role in GT biosynthesis, accompanied by antioxidant defense modulation with increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, and the resistance ability of O2•- and glutathione (GSH) contents.
Jujube residue is an abundant and low-cost dietary fiber resource, but its relatively lower hydration and functional properties limit its utilization as an ingredient of functional food. Thus, ...cellulase and hemicellulase hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis assisted by phosphate grafting (EPG), and enzymatic hydrolysis assisted by acrylate grafting (EAG) were used to improve the functional properties of jujube residue dietary fiber (JRDF) in this study. The results evidenced that these modifications all increased the porosity of the microstructure of JRDF and increased the soluble fiber content, surface area, and hydration properties, but reduced its brightness (
< 0.05). Moreover, JRDF modified by enzymolysis combined with acrylate grafting offered the highest extractable polyphenol content, oil, sodium cholate, and nitrite ion sorption abilities. Meanwhile, JRDF modified via enzymolysis assisted by phosphate grafting showed the highest soluble fiber content (23.53 g∙100 g
), water-retention ability (12.84 g∙g
), viscosity (9.37 cP), water-swelling volume (10.80 mL∙g
), and sorption ability of copper (II) and lead (II) ions. Alternatively, JRDF modified with cellulase hydrolysis alone exhibited the highest glucose adsorption capacity (21.9 g∙100 g
) at pH 7.0. These results indicate that EPG is an effective way to improve the hypolipidemic effects of JRDF, while EAG is a good choice to enhance its hydration and hypoglycemic properties.
To solve the problem in which the output power and wavelength of semiconductor lasers in fiber optic sensing systems are easily affected by the drive current and temperature, a high-precision current ...drive and temperature control system was developed in this study. The embedded system was used to provide a stable drive current for the semiconductor laser through closed-loop negative feedback control; moreover, some measures, such as linear slow-start, current-limiting protection, and electrostatic protection, were adopted to ensure the stability and safety of the laser's operation. A mathematical model of the temperature control system was constructed using mechanism analysis, and model identification was completed using the M sequence and differential evolution (DE) algorithms. Finally, the control rules of the fuzzy proportional integral differentiation (PID) algorithm were optimized through system simulation to make it more suitable for the temperature control system designed in this research, and the accurate control of the working temperature of the semiconductor laser was realized. Experimental results showed that the system could achieve a linearly adjustable drive current in the range of 0-100 mA, with an output current accuracy of 0.01 mA and a temperature control accuracy of up to 0.005 °C.
Annotating remote sensing images (RSIs) poses a significant challenge, primarily due to its labor-intensive nature. Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) methods address this challenge by ...generating pseudo-labels for unlabeled data, assuming that all classes present in the unlabeled dataset are also represented in the labeled data. However, real-world scenarios may lead to a mixture of out-of-distribution (OOD) samples and in-distribution (ID) samples within the unlabeled dataset. In this paper, we extensively explore techniques for conducting SSOD directly on uncurated unlabeled data, termed Open-Set Semi-Supervised Object Detection (OSSOD). Our approach begins by utilizing labeled in-distribution data to dynamically construct a class-wise feature bank (CFB) that captures features specific to each class. Subsequently, we compare the features of predicted object bounding boxes with the corresponding entries in the CFB to calculate OOD scores. We design an adaptive threshold based on the statistical properties of the CFB to accommodate different classes, allowing us to effectively filter out OOD samples. The effectiveness of our proposed method is substantiated through extensive experiments on two widely used remote sensing object detection datasets: DIOR and DOTA. These experiments demonstrate the superior performance and efficacy of our OSSOD approach on RSIs. The code is available at http://github.com/Lans1ng/OSSOD.
•Effectively leverage uncurated unlabeled data in remote sensing object detection.•Develop a dynamic class-wise feature bank to store in-distribution data.•Design an adaptive OOD threshold for pruning out-of-distribution unlabeled data.
Alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce toluene and xylene could increase the added-value of surplus benzene as well as relieve environmental problems like green-house ...effect. In this work, the alkylation benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen reaction was proceeded by using the mixture of zinc-zirconium oxide and HZSM-5 as bifunctional catalyst. The equivalent of Zn/Zr = 1 displays the best catalytic performance at 425 °C and 3.0 MPa, and benzene conversion reaches 42.9% with a selectivity of 90% towards toluene and xylene. Moreover, the carbon dioxide conversion achieves 23.3% and the carbon monoxide selectivity is lower than 35%, indicating that more than 50% carbon dioxide has been effectively incorporated into the target product, which is the best result as far as we know. Combined with characterizations, it indicated that the Zn and Zr formed a solid solution under specific conditions (Zn/Zr = 1). The as-formed solid solution not only possesses a high surface area but also provides a large amount of oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the bifunctional catalyst has excellent stabilities that could keep operating without deactivation for at least 80 h. This work provides promising industrial applications for the upgrading of aromatics.
Summary
Plastics materials used for food packaging are recalcitrant, leading to a growing global environmental problem, which arouses the attention of environmental protection departments in many ...countries. Therefore, to meet the increasing demand for sustainable and environment‐friendly consumer products, it is necessary for the food industry to develop natural antibacterial materials for food preservation. This review summarizes the common biodegradable natural antimicrobial agents and their applications in food preservation; as well as an overview of five commonly used biodegradable protein‐based polymers, such as zein, soy protein isolate, gelatin and whey protein, with special emphasis on the advantages of protein‐based biopolymers and their applications in food packaging industry.
This review briefly introduces the concept of antibacterial packaging. This paper especially emphasizes the application of antibacterial films composed of natural antibacterial substances and several common protein‐based polymers in food packaging.
The reduced graphene oxide supported Zn-doped Bi
2
MoO
6
nanocomposites (Zn
x
Bi
2-
x
MoO
6
/RGO) are synthesized by an easy one-step solvothermal method for the rapid degradation of ciprofloxacin ...(CIP). Characterization analyses show that Bi
2
MoO
6
nanosheets are uniformly supported on RGO, for which the agglomeration of Bi
2
MoO
6
is effectively inhibited, leading to more exposure of surface active sites. The degradation rate of Zn
0.1
Bi
1.9
MoO
6
/RGO
5
on CIP reached 90% after 120 min of visible light irradiation, which was 10.4 times the rate of unsupported Bi
2
MoO
6
. Zn doping and RGO loading synergistically reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and result in the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Compared with previously reported catalysts, Zn
0.1
Bi
1.9
MoO
6
/RGO
5
can get higher degradation efficiency with shorter time and less dosage. In addition, after five cycles, the degradation efficiency is maintained at about 85%, showing perfect cycling stability of Zn
0.1
Bi
1.9
MoO
6
/RGO
5
. Photocatalytic mechanism suggests that the photogenerated •O
2
−
and h
+
are main species for degrading CIP based on Zn
x
Bi
2-
x
MoO
6
/RGO complex.
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