Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) provides a new product development model in which users are enabled to configure, select, and utilize customized manufacturing services on-demand. The service composition ...with optimal overall quality of service (QoS) is of great significance since it affects the efficiency of resource sharing and optimal allocation in CMfg systems. However, some limitations still exist in manufacturing service composition methods especially in the complicated cloud environment. This owes to two aspects: (1) current service composition approaches assume that the QoS of services is fixed and not influenced by other services, the existence of the service correlation context is not considered adequately, thus resulting in no accordance with practical applications; (2) with the growing number of candidate services in cloud resource pools, the traditional methods might be inefficient for addressing large scale service composition problems. To overcome such drawbacks, this study proposes a new hybrid teaching–learning-based optimization (HTLBO) algorithm for optimal service composition with the consideration of service correlations. Experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
To evaluate various diet quality indices and to estimate their associations with major non-communicable diseases (NCD) (i.e. diabetes mellitus (DM) and myocardial infarction (MI)) and risk for ...overweight (OW).
Four dietary diversity indices (namely, count index (Count), dietary diversity score index, berry index (BI) and entropy index (EI)) and three Chinese dietary guideline-based indices (namely, China healthy diet index, Chinese food pagoda score and diet quality divergence index) were employed to evaluate Chinese diet quality. DM, MI and OW were used as diet-related health indicators. Logit regressions were employed to unveil the associations between diet quality indices and NCD and risk for OW. The relationships between diet quality indices and daily energy intakes were checked with ordinary least squares linear regressions.
Four recent waves (2004, 2006, 2009, 2011) of longitudinal individual data from China Health and Nutrition Survey.
Chinese adults (aged 18-64 years) from twelve provinces were included in the analysis (
30 350).
Count, BI, and EI were positively associated with higher OW risk and daily energy intakes. As dietary guideline-based indices got better, people were exposed to lower DM and OW risks and got lower daily energy intakes. Finally, dietary guideline-based indices properly revealed the expected relationships that high-quality diets would reduce NCD and risk for OW, while high diversity indices were usually correlated with over-nutrition and high risks.
Increasing diversity of the diet does not necessarily improve the nutrition and health. Dietary guideline-based indices are more robust than dietary diversity indices; thus, they should be highly recommended when evaluating diet quality.
To evaluate the potential efficacy of Triptolide (TP) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) and to uncover the underlying mechanism through which TP regulates CIRI.
We constructed a middle ...cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model to simulate CIRI, and established a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 cell model to mimic the inflammatory state during CIRI. The neurological deficits score (NS) of mice were measured for assessment of neurologic functions. Both the severity of cerebral infarction and the apoptosis level in mouse brain tissues or cells were respectively evaluated using corresponding techniques. The expression levels of Ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1), Inductible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), Arginase 1 (Arg-1), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Cysteine histoproteinase S (CTSS), Fractalkine, chemokine C-X3-C motif receptor 1 (CX3CR1), BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX), and antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2) were detected using immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR as well as Western blot, respectively.
Relative to the Sham group, treatment with TP attenuated the increased NS, infarct area and apoptosis levels observed in MCAO/R mice. Upregulated expression levels of IBA-1, iNOS, Arg-1, TNF-α and IL-1β were found in MCAO/R mice, while TP suppressed iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β expression, and enhanced Arg-1 expression in both MCAO/R mice and LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Besides, TP inhibited the CTSS/Fractalkine/CX3CR1 pathway activation in both MCAO/R mice and LPS-induced BV-2 cells, while overexpression of CTSS reversed such effect. Co-culturing HT-22 cells with TP+LPS-treated BV-2 cells led to enhanced cell viability and decreased apoptosis levels. However, overexpression of CTSS further aggravated HT-22 cell injury.
TP inhibits not only microglia polarization towards the M1 phenotype by suppressing the CTSS/Fractalkine/CX3CR1 pathway activation, but also HT-22 apoptosis by crosstalk with BV-2 cells, thereby ameliorating CIRI. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of TP in improving CIRI, and offer potential implications for addressing the preventive and therapeutic strategies of CIRI.
•Triptolide regulates the Fractalkine/CX3CR1 signaling pathway.•A new mechanism of Triptolide in improving CIRI.•A potential new preventive and therapeutic strategy of CIRI.
Aiming at the problem of low control accuracy caused by nonlinear disturbances in the operation of the PLS-160 wheel-rail adhesion test rig, a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) ...suitable for the wheel-rail adhesion test rig was designed. The influence of nonlinear disturbances during the operation of the test rig on the control accuracy was analyzed based on SIMPACK. The SIMAT co-simulation platform was established to verify the control performance of the LADRC designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the speed and creepage errors of the test rig under the control of the LADRC met the adhesion test technical indicators under four different conditions. Compared with the traditional PID controller, the creepage overshoot and response time with the LADRC were reduced by 1.27% and 60%, respectively, under the constant creepage condition, and the stability recovery time was shorter under the condition of a sudden decrease in the adhesion coefficient. The LADRC designed in this paper shows better dynamic and anti-interference performance; therefore, it is more suitable for a follow-up study of the PLS-160 wheel-rail adhesion test rig.
The seasonal and diurnal patterns of N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) and its formation potential (NMOR FP) were examined with water samples taken from five outlets of four sewage treatment plants (STPs), ...seven main stream sites, and five tributary sites in the Yodo River basin. STPs were shown to be the main sources of downstream NMOR load. The highest NMOR levels were found in the discharge from one STP (26.4–171 ng/L). Continuous sequential samplings over a period of 24 h at this STP revealed that NMOR flux at the influent point fluctuated in both summer (0.4–3.2 g/h) and winter (0.3–5.4 g/h), while it was steady in the effluent. In addition, levels of NMOR remained stable during the biological treatment and disinfection processes. The present research demonstrated that NMOR could be formed from morpholine (MOR) in raw sewage treated by this STP, with a possible mechanism being formaldehyde-catalyzed nitrosation of MOR by nitrites, prior to raw sewage entering the STP. This implies that the NMOR detected here might not be a disinfection byproduct per se under low-chlorine disinfection (around 1.0 mg/L), but is primarily a contaminant that is difficult to remove during sewage treatment. NMOR attenuated significantly in the rivers in the daytime with production of MOR, but persisted during nights, which demonstrated the importance of monitoring NMOR levels in the water environment during periods of low UV intensity, especially nights.
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•Seasonal and diurnal patterns of NMOR and NMOR FP were investigated.•NMOR can form via formaldehyde-catalyzed nitrosation of MOR by nitrites before STPs.•NMOR was stable during biological treatment and disinfection processes.•NMOR in rivers attenuated significantly during the day but persisted at night.
This study aimed to examine the impact of CA on DN and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms of inflammation.
We fed C57BL/6 mice injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. In addition, ...we stimulated NRK-52E cells with 20 mmol/L d-glucose to mimic the diabetic condition.
Our findings demonstrated that CA effectively reduced blood glucose levels, and improved DN in mice models. Additionally, CA reduced kidney injury and inflammation in both mice models and in vitro models. CA decreased high glucose-induced ferroptosis of NRK-52E cells by inducing GSH/GPX4 axis. Conversely, the ferroptosis activator or the PI3K inhibitor reversed positive effects of CA on DN in both mice and in vitro models. CA suppressed PAQR3 expression in DN models to promote PI3K/AKT activity. The PAQR3 activator reduced the positive effects of CA on DN in vitro models. Moreover, CA directly targeted the PAQR3 protein to enhance the ubiquitination of the PAQR3 protein.
Overall, our study has uncovered that CA promotes the ubiquitination of PAQR3, leading to the attenuation of ferroptosis in DN. This effect is achieved through the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by disrupting the interaction between PAQR3 and the P110α pathway. These findings highlight the potential of CA as a viable therapeutic option for the prevention of DN and other forms of diabetes.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates biological responses to endogenous and environmental chemical cues. Increasing evidence shows that the AHR ...plays physiological roles in regulating development, homeostasis, and function of a variety of cell lineages in the immune system. However, the role of AHR in human B cell development has not been investigated. Toward this end, an in vitro feeder-free human B cell developmental model system was employed using human cord blood CD34
hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Using this model, we found that AHR activation by the high-affinity ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-
-dioxin significantly suppressed the generation of early B cells and pro-B cells from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, indicating the impairment of B cell lineage specification and commitment. Addition of an AHR antagonist reversed 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-
-dioxin-elicited suppression of early B and pro-B cells, suggesting a role of AHR in regulating B lymphopoiesis. Gene expression analysis revealed a significant decrease in the messenger RNA level of early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) and paired box 5, two critical transcription factors directing B cell lineage specification and commitment. Additionally, binding of the ligand-activated AHR to the putative dioxin response elements in the
promoter was demonstrated by EMSAs and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, suggesting transcriptional regulation of EBF1 by AHR. Taken together, this study demonstrates a role for the AHR in regulating human B cell development, and it suggests that transcriptional alterations of EBF1 by the AHR are involved in the underlying mechanism.
Regulatory T cells are a subgroup of T cells with immunomodulatory functions. Different from most cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells, they play a supporting role in the immune system. What’s more, ...regulatory T cells often play an immunosuppressive role, which mainly plays a role in maintaining the stability of the immune system and regulating the immune response in the body. However, recent studies have shown that not only playing a role in autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and other aspects, regulatory T cells can also play a role in the immune escape of tumors in the body, through various mechanisms to help tumor cells escape from the demic immune system, weakening the anti-cancer effect in the body. For a better understanding of the role that regulatory T cells can play in cancer, and to be able to use regulatory T cells for tumor immunotherapy more quickly. This review focuses on the research progress of various mechanisms of regulatory T cells in the tumor environment, the related research of tumor cells acting on regulatory T cells, and the existing various therapeutic methods acting on regulatory T cells.
•Unlike in the past, Treg cells have also been found to play a powerful role in cancer treatment.•Treg cells exert immunosuppressive effects through various ways, such as cell-cell contact, secretion of cytokines, regulation of DC function, binding to chemokine CCL22/CCL17, and so on, and acting in the tumor microenvironment.•Tumorigenesis is often accompanied by an increase in the number of Treg cells.•Many recent studies have found that metabolic pathways, receptors, and proteins on Treg cells, bile acids, and even apoptotic Treg cells can promote Treg cells to exert immune suppression, and then help tumors escape from the immune system.•More and more targeted therapy drugs that block the target sites on Treg cells and destroy the homeostasis between Th17 cells and Treg cells can be effective immunotherapy for tumors.
Liang & Cai, 1999, a genus of atyid shrimp, is endemic to China and distributed only in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. We describe here the thirteen species of
, and the first cave-dweller of the ...genus,
, collected from a limestone cave in Shilin County, Yunnan Province. This species can be distinguished from its congeners by the completely degraded pigment and eyes, the extremely long rostrum, the rostral formula and the absence of sexual dimorphism of the third and fourth pereiopods. A phylogenetic analysis based on four genes (COI, 16S, 18S, H3) shows that the new species strongly clustered with the type species of this genus,
(Kemp, 1923), supporting the generic status of this new species.
Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors (CNS GCTs) represent a subtype of intracranial malignant tumors characterized by highly heterogeneous histology. Current diagnostic methods in clinical ...practice have notable limitations, and treatment strategies struggle to achieve personalized therapy based on patient risk stratification. Advances in molecular genetics, biology, epigenetics, and understanding of the tumor microenvironment suggest the diagnostic potential of associated molecular alterations, aiding risk subgroup identification at diagnosis. Furthermore, they suggest the existence of novel therapeutic approaches targeting chromosomal alterations, mutated genes and altered signaling pathways, methylation changes, microRNAs, and immune checkpoints. Moving forward, further research is imperative to explore the pathogenesis of CNS GCTs and unravel the intricate interactions among various molecular alterations. Additionally, these findings require validation in clinical cohorts to assess their role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment of patients.
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