In order to reduce difficulties with learning surgical techniques, supplementary tools for training were developed. This paper describes the learning curve followed by student volunteer research ...subjects who used an alternative model for practicing vascular anastomosis.
To evaluate the vascular anastomosis technique learning curve and development of manual skills using a low-cost experimental model.
Experimental and prospective study using end-to-side vascular anastomosis in latex balloons over five successive phases, initiated after theoretical and practical guidance given by experienced vascular surgeon. The study subjects were six undergraduate medical students from Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil, in their third to fifth years of the course. Cluster analysis was used to interpret the data collected on the quality of anastomoses and the time taken.
The time taken to perform anastomosis reduced for all students, with statistical differences from phase 1 compared to phases 4 and 5. There was also a trend to increasing scores on the quality index as the phases progressed. However, no statistical differences were detected using the Friedman test, which is appropriate for data measured with ordinal levels (quality was assessed on a scale of 1 to 5).
It was found that the training model used was effective for increasing learning of this technique. It is believed that future studies with larger samples or a higher number of phases could demonstrate both reduced time and improved quality of the anastomoses performed with statistical significance.
Objetivo: identificar os problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da ...assistência. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (LILACS e BDENF). Após a coleta de dados foi realizada uma leitura exploratória, seletiva, crítica e análise temática. Resultados: emergiu as seguintes categorias: Identificação dos problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: concluímos então que é fundamental uma comunicação satisfatória para ocorrer um atendimento integral e positivo, fazendo assim necessário uma maior inclinação, interesse e compreensão do enfermeiro para com o paciente surdo.
Objetivo: identificar os problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da ...assistência. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (LILACS e BDENF). Após a coleta de dados foi realizada uma leitura exploratória, seletiva, crítica e análise temática. Resultados: emergiu as seguintes categorias: Identificação dos problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: concluímos então que é fundamental uma comunicação satisfatória para ocorrer um atendimento integral e positivo, fazendo assim necessário uma maior inclinação, interesse e compreensão do enfermeiro para com o paciente surdo.
Objetivo: identificar os problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da ...assistência. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva, exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (LILACS e BDENF). Após a coleta de dados foi realizada uma leitura exploratória, seletiva, crítica e análise temática. Resultados: emergiu as seguintes categorias: Identificação dos problemas vivenciados pelo deficiente auditivo nos serviços de saúde e a importância da comunicação do enfermeiro com o paciente surdo interferindo na qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: concluímos então que é fundamental uma comunicação satisfatória para ocorrer um atendimento integral e positivo, fazendo assim necessário uma maior inclinação, interesse e compreensão do enfermeiro para com o paciente surdo.
Steroid use for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on the possible role of these drugs in mitigating the inflammatory response, mainly in the lungs, triggered by severe acute respiratory ...syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of methylprednisolone (MP) among hospitalized patients with suspected COVID-19.
A parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, Phase IIb clinical trial was performed with hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years with clinical, epidemiological, and/or radiological suspected COVID-19 at a tertiary care facility in Manaus, Brazil. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to receive either intravenous MP (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo (saline solution) twice daily for 5 days. A modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis was conducted. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality.
From 18 April to 16 June 2020, 647 patients were screened, 416 were randomized, and 393 were analyzed as mITT, with 194 individuals assigned to MP and 199 to placebo. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 81.3%. The mortality rates at Day 28 were not different between groups. A subgroup analysis showed that patients over 60 years old in the MP group had a lower mortality rate at Day 28. Patients in the MP arm tended to need more insulin therapy, and no difference was seen in virus clearance in respiratory secretion until Day 7.
The findings of this study suggest that a short course of MP in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 did not reduce mortality in the overall population.
NCT04343729.
Lack of regular physical activity is recognized as a global public health issue. Three out of every four adolescents do not adhere to physical activity recommendations. Thus, this systematic review ...will evaluate interventions employed to minimize barriers to physical activity among adolescents. Herein, we present the study protocol. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review to assess the interventions implemented to minimize barriers to the practice of physical activity among adolescents. A systematic understanding of the most effective interventions to reduce the barriers to physical activity is essential.
We will search five databases: two multidisciplinary (Scopus and Web of Science) and three other health-related databases (Embase, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed). The search will be limited to original peer-reviewed articles published in English, with no time restrictions. The search strategy will use MeSH terms and their variations to maximize the search strategy. Two reviewers will independently read the included articles, extract the data, and evaluate the methodological quality using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation scale and the risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and Downs and Black scale. Discrepancies will be resolved by a third reviewer. This systematic review will follow the guidelines outlined in the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
The outcomes of this study are expected to enhance the current understanding of the obstacles to physical activity among adolescents and aid in the development or modification of programs to combat physical inactivity in this population. Consequently, these findings should have a positive impact on current and future adolescent health outcomes.
Ethical approval will not be required for this study as it is an analysis of previously published articles (i.e., secondary data). The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022382174.
(1) Background: Physical inactivity is a major public health problem that affects a significant number of adolescents throughout the world. Attaining regular physical activity is a major challenge ...for adolescents who study full-time. This study aimed to examine the associations between barriers to physical activity, physical activity levels, and time exposed to sedentary behavior during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among adolescent full-time students at an institute of professional and technical education. (2) Methods: We employed mixed methods in this case study, which enrolled 119 adolescent students (52.9% of whom were female). More specifically, we applied the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and conducted semi-structured interviews. Our statistical analysis was based on Poisson regression with robust variance, and our qualitative analysis was based on content analysis. (3) Results: The adolescents frequently presented with a “low” level of physical activity (44.4%, n = 52). The following barriers were associated with a low level of physical activity: lack of time (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.546; confidence interval (CI) 1.111–2.151), lack of motivation (PR 1.573; CI 1.102–2.245), preference for other activities (PR 1.521; CI 1.073–2.155), lack of facilities close to home (PR 1.576; CI 1.077–2.307), laziness (PR 1.463; CI 1.031–2.076), and no way of getting to a facility (PR 1.619; CI 1.005–2.606). (4) Conclusions: We observed that physical activity barriers in the psychological, cognitive, emotional, and environmental dimensions were associated with low levels of physical activity. The students reported that full-time study was a barrier to physical activity that contributed negatively to their physical activity levels and time exposed to sedentary behaviors.
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