Nootkatone (NTK) is a sesquiterpenoid found in essential oils of many species of
(Rutaceae). Considering previous reports demonstrating that NTK inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways, this study ...aimed to investigate the effects of this compound in mice models of acute and chronic inflammation. Murine models of paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, histamine, and arachidonic acid, as well as carrageenan-induced peritonitis and pleurisy, were used to evaluate the effects of NTK on acute inflammation. A murine model of granuloma induced by cotton pellets was used to access the impact of NTK treatment on chronic inflammation. In the acute inflammation models, NTK demonstrated antiedematogenic effects and inhibited leukocyte recruitment, which was associated with decreased vascular permeability, inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)1-β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In silico analysis suggest that NTZ anti-inflammatory effects may also occur due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and antagonism of the histamine receptor type 1 (H
). These mechanisms might have contributed to the reduction of granuloma weight and protein concentration in the homogenates, observed in the chronic inflammation model. In conclusion, NTK exerted anti-inflammatory effects that are associated with inhibition of IL1-β and TNF-α production, possibly due to inhibition of COX-2 activity and antagonism of the H1 receptor. However, further studies are required to characterize the effects of this compound on chronic inflammation.
Isopulegol, a terpene compound commonly present in the essential oils of several aromatic plants, may present a number of important pharmacological activities. Besides the screening of the ...antinociceptive effect of the monoterpene isopulegol (ISO) and its inclusion complex in β-cyclodextrins (ISO/CD), this study also aimed at investigating the signaling pathways involved in the antinociceptive response. The effects of ISO and ISO/CD on the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated through open-field and rota-rod assays and the antinociceptive effects in formalin models, abdominal contortions by acetic acid, hot-plate and plantar mechanical hypernociception. Male and female mice (Mus musculus), weighing between 20–30 g, were divided into 6-animal groups. The oral administration of isopulegol and its complex showed significant antinociceptive effects in the 10, 5 and 1 mg/kg doses for both the formalin and abdominal contortion assays, with highlights on the 10 mg/kg dose of ISO and ISO/CD in both assays. Likewise, the 10 mg/kg dose was selected for the evaluation of the effects on the CNS, central and peripheral antinociceptive effect and screening of the signaling pathways involved in the analgesic potential. ISO and ISO/CD, both in the 10 mg/kg dose v.o., did not show any alteration to the parameters evaluated of the CNS and the results pointed to a possible acute antinociceptive action in the tests of formalin, abdominal contortion, hot-plate and plantar mechanical hypernociception, suggesting the involvement of these signaling pathways: opioid, potassium channel, cholinergic, nitric oxide, cyclic guanosin monophosphate, vaniloid and glutamatergic. The results suggest that ISO and ISO/CD carry a promising antinociceptive potential as a possible alternative to the pharmacological treatment of pain, showing that the inclusion of ISO in cyclodextrins enhance its pharmacological properties, once that the complexation process involves much lower amounts of the compound – what contributes to a better bioavailability and weaker probability for the development of undesired effects.
O ambiente hospitalar possui uma série de fatores que geram insalubridade podendo provocar sofrimento psicológicos aos profissionais que nele atuam. Dentre as profissões existentes nesse ambiente, a ...enfermagem é apontada, como uma profissão que apresenta alto nível de estresse ocupacional. De forma menos frequente, mas não menos importante, outras categorias profissionais também sofrem prejuízos decorrentes do estresse decorrente da operacionalização das atividades hospitalares. Objetivou-se identificar os condicionantes que influenciam as atividades profissionais de trabalhadores no ambiente hospitalar por meio das três dimensões Job Stress Scale (JSS). Trata-se de um estudo transversal, do tipo estudo de caso, desenvolvido com 63 profissionais de um Hospital Pólo, na Região do Cariri, Ceará. Foi realizada análise descritiva por meio de frequências absolutas e relavas para as variáveis categóricas. Este trabalho obedeceu a Resolução 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, respeitando os princípios da Bioética. Foi evidenciado que os profissionais entrevistados não enfrentam muitos problemas com relação ao ambiente de trabalho, pois quando questionados sobre se tem um ambiente calmo e agradável onde trabalham, 77,7% (49 profissionais) responderam que concordam ou concordam mais que discordam. De modo geral, pode-se afirmar que a situação de trabalho para os profissionais do referido hospital, mostrou-se satisfatória na opinião dos mesmos, indicando necessidade de atenção com relação ao desgaste por esgotamento para garantir maior satisfação profissional e impactar de forma positiva nos serviços ofertados pelo Estabelecimento de Assistência à Saúde – EAS.
On behalf of a circular economy, regular plastics have been replaced by biodegradable packagings. Besides, active films have been applied to improve the shelf-life and quality of foods. In this work, ...blends were developed using starch as a low-cost natural polymer, mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) due to its physical-chemical and biodegradable properties. Moreover, maleic anhydride (MaAh), cellulose-nanocrystal (CN), and nisin-z (N-Z) were added, respectively, as a compatibilizer, a mechanical-reinforce, and antimicrobial agents. The thermal stability of the films was analyzed, which blends’ melting temperature occurred around 200–207 °C, and it was influenced by CN, N-Z, and MaAh amounts. N-Z and MaAh acted against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa by compound diffusion (inhibition-halo around 1.85 and 2.18 cm); while S. Choleraesuis and E. coli were inhibited by contact. Therefore, these blends presented the potential to be used as active biodegradable packaging in the food industry.
O estudo com plantas medicinais tem impulsionado a busca por novas substâncias com capacidade antibacteriana, principalmente em decorrência do grande número de cepas resistentes a diversos ...antibióticos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana e modulatória do extrato etanólico da folha e da casca de Cedrela fissilis Vell. frente as cepas bacterianas padrões e multirresistentes de Staphylococcus aureus 358 e Escherichia coli 27. Trata-se de um estudo experimental de caráter quantitativo tendo como material para análise as folhas e cascas de C. Fissilis, onde a partir do extrato etanólico de ambos os materiais foram analisados o perfil químico a fim de detectar metabólitos secundários presente nos mesmos, além disso, foi avaliada a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) por meio dos testes de microdiluição em caldo e analise da modulação de aminoglicosídeos (amicacina e gentamicina). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma CIM de ≥ 1024 µg/mL para ambos os extratos em todas as cepas testadas (E. coli e S. aureus). Os extratos apresentaram resultados significativos na atividade combinada, evidenciando que houve sinergismo entre o extrato da casca e das folhas, frente às cepas de E. coli 27, em associação com a gentamicina, reduzindo a CIM de 128 para 4 µg/mL e de 128 para 8 µg/mL, respectivamente. Já sobre as cepas de S. aureus o sinergismo ocorre, novamente com os dois extratos, quando associado com a amicacina, tendo uma redução de sua CIM de 256 para 5 µg/mL (Casca) e 256 para 10 µg/mL (Folhas). Portanto, estudos futuros precisam ser realizados com intuito de elucidar os constituintes majoritários da planta para melhor entender a atividade da mesma.
Palavras-chave: Cedrela fissilis Vell. Microdiluição. Modulação. Perfil Químico. Plantas Medicinais.
Abstract
The study of medicinal plants has boosted the search for new substances with antibacterial capacity, mainly due to the large number of strains resistant to various antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory activity of the ethanolic extract of Cedrela fissilis Vell. leaf and bark against standard and multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus 358 and Escherichia coli 27. This is an experimental study of quantitative character having as material for analysis the leaves and barks of C. fissilis, where from the ethanolic extract of both materials the chemical profile was analyzed in order to detect secondary metabolites present in them, besides, it was evaluated the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) through the microdilution test in broth and analysis of the modulation of aminoglycosides (amikacin and gentamicin). The results obtained demonstrated an MIC of ≥ 1024 µg/mL for both extracts in all tested strains (E. coli and S. aureus). The extracts presented significant results in the combined activity, evidencing that there was synergism between the bark and leaf extracts, against E. coli 27 strains, in association with gentamicin, reducing the MIC from 128 to 4 µg/mL and from 128 to 8 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, on the S. aureus strains, the synergism occurs, again with both extracts, when associated with amikacin, having a reduction of its MIC from 256 to 5 µg/mL (Bark) and 256 to 10 µg/mL (Leaves). Therefore, future studies need to be carried out in order to elucidate the majority constituents of the plant to better understand its activity.
Keywords: Cedrela fissilis Vell. Microdilution. Modulation. Chemical Profile. Medicinal Plants.
Background and objective: Given the difficulty in establishing an ideal method that can successfully extract bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in Gram-negative bacteria, the objective of this ...work was to compare protocols for the extraction of bacterial DNA and to suggest more practical, faster, and less costly methodologies.
Methods: Bacterial species used were Escherichia coli, provided by Dr. Leão Sampaio University Center. The evaluated/adapted methodologies were: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS); salting-out; Promega kit and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and phenol/chloroform. Extracted DNA was examined by the agarose gel electrophoresis.
Results: The SDS method revealed the best result in extracting DNA from E. coli. Its advantages include rapidness, low cost, and good concentration of the extracted material. Others methods showed low-quality DNA, probably due to the presence of large amounts of proteins in the cell wall of E. coli, interfering with the quality of the samples.
Conclusions: It was concluded that the SDS method is better than others with better DNA quality, low cost, and good efficiency.
DIAGNÓSTICO DA PRODUÇÃO DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO Silva, Abraão Cícero da; Vasconcelos, Pedro Luís Ribeiro de; Melo, Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade ...
REVISTA DA UNIVERSIDADE VALE DO RIO VERDE,
2018, Letnik:
16, Številka:
2
Journal Article
PDF
