Background
The aim of the present systematic review was to summarize evidence on odontogenic carcinosarcoma, analyzing clinical, epidemiological, imaging, histopathological, immunohistochemical, ...therapeutic, and prognostic features of this tumor.
Materials and Methods
This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were performed in the Ovid MEDLINE (Wolters Kluwer), PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier), and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information) databases, without publication date or language restrictions. Case reports or case series of OCS reporting clinical, radiological, and histopathological data that confirmed the diagnosis were selected. The Joanna Briggs Institute—University of Adelaide tool was used for critical appraisal of the included articles.
Results
Odontogenic carcinosarcoma is a rare, aggressive tumor associated with high mortality; however, the metastasis rate is low. The tumor has a male predilection. The mean patient age is 40 years, but there is no predilection for age. The left posterior mandible is the most affected site, but no specific radiographic features have been reported.
Conclusion
Given its rarity, dentists, oral‐maxillofacial surgeons, and physicians need to be aware of odontogenic carcinosarcoma in order to increase the diagnostic potential, preventing delays in diagnosis and treatment and thus contributing to lower morbidity of the tumor.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used to favor anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) healing after reconstruction surgeries. However, clinical data are still inconclusive and subjective about PRP. ...Thus, we propose a quantitative method to demonstrate that PRP produced morphological structure changes.
Thirty-four patients undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery were evaluated and divided into control group (sixteen patients) without PRP application and experiment group (eighteen patients) with intraoperative application of PRP. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed 3 months after surgery. We used Matlab® and machine learning (ML) in Orange Canvas® to texture analysis (TA) features extraction. Experienced radiologists delimited the regions of interest (RoIs) in the T2-weighted images. Sixty-two texture parameters were extracted, including gray-level co-occurrence matrix and gray level run length. We used the algorithms logistic regression (LR), naive Bayes (NB), and stochastic gradient descent (SGD).
The accuracy of the classification with NB, LR, and SGD was 83.3%, 75%, 75%, respectively. For the area under the curve, NB, LR, and SGD presented values of 91.7%, 94.4%, 75%, respectively. In clinical evaluations, the groups show similar responses in terms of improvement in pain and increase in the IKDC index (International Knee Documentation Committee) and Lysholm score indices differing only in the assessment of flexion, which presents a significant difference for the group treated with PRP.
Here, we demonstrated quantitatively that patients who received PRP presented texture changes when compared to the control group. Thus, our findings suggest that PRP interferes with morphological parameters of the ACL.
Protocol no. CAAE 56164316.6.0000.5411.
Abstract
Background and study aims
A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy in treating post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) weight regain ...and the incidence of complications related to this procedure, using a sham treatment group as a control.
Patients and methods
Forty-one patients with a minimum weight regain of 10 kg and a minimum postoperative time of 36 months were randomized into two groups.
Results
In the APC group (n = 21), the mean initial weight was 100.4 kg and the mean weight regain was 24.94 kg. In the sham group (n = 20), the mean initial weight was 103.65 kg, and the mean weight regain was 25.18 kg. Anastomotic stenosis occurred only after the first APC session. The results for the comparison of APC with the sham group showed a percentage weight regain loss of 63.95 compared to -.65, and weight loss of 15.02 and –0.57), percentage total weight loss of 14.46 and –0.62, excess weight loss of 54.32 % and –2.34 %), and BMI reduction of 5.38 and –0.21, with
P
< 0.0001 for all the comparisons. In the APC group, there was a significant reduction in HbA1c (5.66 % to 4.96 %) and triglycerides (153.20 mg/dL to 132.20 mg/dL).
Conclusions
This study indicates that APC outlet pouch reduction outperforms sham treatment in terms of weight loss for patients presenting weight regain after RYGB.
Natural latex serum (NLS) is one of the natural rubber latex fractions from Hevea brasiliensis tree, which is formed by centrifuged serum and is composed of proteins, acids, nucleotides, salts and ...carbohydrates. The proteins present in NLS have demonstrated several interesting biological properties, including angiogenic, healing, osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, in addition to inducing neovascularization, bone formation and osseointegration. Thus, we proposed to characterize NLS by physicochemical techniques and to investigate the biocompatibility by toxicological assays and safety test in Galleria mellonella. Infrared spectrum showed vibrational bands characteristic of amide I, II and III that are linked to the protein content, which was confirmed by the High Performance Liquid Chromatography profile and by the Electrophoresis analysis. This material did not exhibit hemolytic (rate <0.5%) and cytotoxic effects (viability >70%) and was able to enhance the proliferation of fibroblasts (>600%) after 3 days. The pronounced proliferative effect observed in fibroblast cells can be explained by the presence of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) like protein revealed by the Western blot test. Moreover, NLS did not provoke toxic effects (survival ∼ 80%) on the G. mellonella model, indicating that it is a biocompatible and safe material.
Natural rubber latex (NRL) is a biopolymer widely used in biomedical applications. In this work, we propose an innovative cosmetic face mask, combining the NRL's biological properties with curcumin ...(CURC), which has a high level of antioxidant activity (AA) to provide anti-aging benefits. Chemical, mechanical and morphological characterizations were performed. The CURC released by the NRL was evaluated by permeation in Franz cells. Cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity assays were performed to assess safety. The findings showed that the biological properties of CURC were preserved after loading in the NRL. About 44.2 % of CURC was released within the first six hours, and in vitro permeation showed that 9.36 % ± 0.65 was permeated over 24h. CURC–NRL was associated with a metabolic activity higher than 70 % in 3 T3 fibroblasts, cell viability ≥95 % in human dermal fibroblasts, and a hemolytic rate ≤ 2.24 % after 24 h. Furthermore, CURC-NRL maintained the mechanical characteristics (range suitable) for human skin application. We observed that CURC-NRL preserved ~20 % antioxidant activity from curcumin-free after loading in the NRL. Our results suggest that CURC–NRL has the potential to be used in the cosmetics industry, and the experimental methodology utilized in this study can be applied to different kinds of face masks.
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Neuroimaging strategies are essential to locate, to elucidate the etiology, and to the follow up of brain disease patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides good cerebral soft-tissue ...contrast detection and diagnostic sensitivity. Inflammatory lesions and tumors are common brain diseases that may present a similar pattern of a cerebral ring enhancing lesion on MRI, and non-enhancing core (which may reflect cystic components or necrosis) leading to misdiagnosis. Texture analysis (TA) and machine learning approaches are computer-aided diagnostic tools that can be used to assist radiologists in such decisions.
In this study, we combined texture features with machine learning (ML) methods aiming to differentiate brain tumors from inflammatory lesions in magnetic resonance imaging. Retrospective examination of 67 patients, with a pattern of a cerebral ring enhancing lesion, 30 with inflammatory, and 37 with tumoral lesions were selected. Three different MRI sequences and textural features were extracted using gray level co-occurrence matrix and gray level run length. All diagnoses were confirmed by histopathology, laboratorial analysis or MRI.
The features extracted were processed for the application of ML methods that performed the classification. T1-weighted images proved to be the best sequence for classification, in which the differentiation between inflammatory and tumoral lesions presented high accuracy (0.827), area under ROC curve (0.906), precision (0.837), and recall (0.912).
The algorithm obtained textures capable of differentiating brain tumors from inflammatory lesions, on T1-weghted images without contrast medium using the Random Forest machine learning classifier.
Objectives
This study evaluated the occurrence of Schistosoma mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminths in an endemic area in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon, analysing prevalence and spatial distribution.
...Methods
The study was conducted in four localities of Primavera Municipality, in Pará state. Data was obtained from the Decit 40/2012 project and the participants were divided into five age range categories for evaluation: children, adolescents, young adults, adults and elderly individuals. For the diagnostic tests, Kato–Katz slides were prepared to detect S. mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminths eggs. The spatial distribution map and the Kernel Density Estimation were performed to assess the presence and location of infections.
Results
Stool samples revealed the presence of hookworms, S. mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura eggs. Mono‐, bi‐ and poly‐parasitic infections were observed, with a significant prevalence of hookworm monoparasitism.
Conclusions
The high frequency of children infected with soil‐transmitted helminths confirms their significance as an ongoing public health problem in the poorest municipalities of Brazil. The Geographic Information System plays a crucial role in environmental surveillance and in the control of epidemics and endemic diseases, enabling accurate assessment and informed decision‐making for their control.
Abstract Background This multicentre study aimed to investigate long-term radiographic and functional results following the treatment of condylar fractures using an angulated screwdriver system and ...open rigid internal fixation with an intraoral surgical approach. Methods Twenty-nine patients with a total of 32 condylar fractures were evaluated. The patients were investigated prospectively based on the following variables: age, sex, aetiology, side, location and classification of the fracture, degree of displacement, associated fractures, surgical approach, oral health status, type of osteosynthesis plate, duration of surgery, mouth-opening, complications, and duration of follow-up. Results The fractures were classified as subcondylar ( n = 25) or condylar neck ( n = 7). Mean patient age was 36.38 ± 16.60 years. The median duration of postoperative follow-up was 24.39 ± 13.94 months. No joint noise, weakness of the facial nerve, joint pain, or muscle pain was observed. An additional retromandibular approach was necessary to enable the treatment of one subcondylar fracture with medial displacement. Conclusion Subcondylar or condylar neck fractures with medial or lateral displacement can be treated using an intraoral approach with satisfactory results with the advantages of the absence of visible scarring, the avoidance of facial nerve injury, and the ability to obtain rapid access to the fracture.
Objective To evaluate hemodynamic changes with the use of 4% articaine and 2 different concentrations of epinephrine (1:100,000 and 1:200,000) in the surgical removal of symmetrically positioned ...lower third molars. Study Design A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was carried out involving 42 patients each undergoing 2 surgeries on separate occasions under local anesthesia with 4% articaine and either epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:200,000. The following parameters were assessed at 4 different moments: systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure; heart rate; oxygen saturation; rate pressure product (RPP); and pressure rate quotient (PRQ). Results The concentration of epinephrine did not affect diastolic blood pressure or oxygen saturation during the surgeries. Significant differences between were detected for heart rate, RPP, and PRQ ( P < .05). Conclusions The epinephrine concentration (1:100,000 or 1:200,000) in a 4% articaine solution influences hemodynamic parameters without perceptible clinical changes in healthy patients undergoing lower third molar removal.
Psoriasis is a disease that causes keratinocytes to proliferate ten times faster than normal, resulting in chronic inflammation and immune cell infiltration in the skin. Aloe vera (A. vera) creams ...have been used topically for treating psoriasis because they contain several antioxidant species; however, they have several limitations. Natural rubber latex (NRL) has been used as occlusive dressings to promote wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation, neoangiogenesis, and extracellular matrix formation. In this work, we developed a new A. vera-releasing NRL dressing by a solvent casting method to load A. vera into NRL. FTIR and rheological analyzes revealed no covalent interactions between A. vera and NRL in the dressing. We observed that 58.8 % of the loaded A. vera, present on the surface and inside the dressing, was released after 4 days. Biocompatibility and hemocompatibility were validated in vitro using human dermal fibroblasts and sheep blood, respectively. We observed that ~70 % of the free antioxidant properties of A. vera were preserved, and the total phenolic content was 2.31-fold higher than NRL alone. In summary, we combined the antipsoriatic properties of A. vera with the healing activity of NRL to generate a novel occlusive dressing that may be indicated for the management and/or treatment of psoriasis symptoms simply and economically.
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•The occlusive dressing released 58.8 % of the Aloe vera loaded after 4 days.•The occlusive dressing was biocompatible and considered safe.•These dressings preserved ~70 % of the antioxidant properties of free Aloe vera.•These dressings exhibited phenolic contents 2.31-fold higher than latex rubber.•These dressings manage psoriasis symptoms simply and economically.
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